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Vocabulary category: Time & Calendar

Days, weeks, months, years, hours, and time references.

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kape

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English

coffeenoun

Alternative meanings

coffee; coffee drink; coffee bean or powder depending on context; coffee color or dark brown in some uses

Pronunciation

KAH-peh

Root and affixes

Adapted loanword from Spanish café. Related forms include kapehan for cafe or coffee shop and pangape for drinking coffee.

Variants or conjugations

kapi; kapehan; drinking coffee; coffee-colored

Related words and expressions

drink; cup; milk; sugar; coffee shop; morning

Meaning and usage notes

Kape is used for the drink, bean, or coffee powder. For cafe or coffee shop, use kapehan.

basiccoffeecoffee shopdrinkfood and drinkmorning
Example 1

Ganahan ko og init nga kape sa buntag.

I like hot coffee in the morning.

Example 2

Mangape ta pagkahuman sa trabaho.

Let us have coffee after work.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Andam

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English

to prepare; ready; prepared; willing; preparationverb / adjective / noun depending on context

Pronunciation

AHN-dahm

Root and affixes

Root: andam. Common forms: moandam = will prepare/prepares; nag-andam = is preparing or prepared; giandam = was prepared; andamon = something to prepare; pag-andam = preparation; pangandam = preparation or readiness.

Meaning and usage notes

Andam can be a verb or an adjective. Andam na ko means I am ready now. For willing as being disposed to do something, andam can work; for inner will or volition, kabubut-on may fit depending on the sentence.

get readyorganizepreparationpreparepreparedreadinessreadywilling
Example 1

Andam na ko motabang.

I am willing to help.

Example 2

Andam na ka?

Are you ready?

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Mubo

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English

brief; short; conciseadjective

Alternative meanings

brief; short; concise; short in duration; short in length

Pronunciation

MOO-boh

Root and affixes

Root mubo. It can form expressions such as mubo nga panahon for a brief time or mubo nga mensahe for a short message.

Variants or conjugations

short; somewhat short; shorter; shortest

Related words and expressions

long; time; message; story; small

Meaning and usage notes

Mubo can also mean low or short in height depending on context. For brief in the sense of little time, mubo nga panahon is a natural expression.

brief, short, concise
Example 1

Mubo ra ang iyang mensahe.

His or her message was brief.

Example 2

Mubo ra ang among panag-istorya.

Our conversation was short.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Gilauman

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English

expected; anticipated; foreseenadjective / participle

Alternative meanings

expected; anticipated; foreseen; considered probable; thought of beforehand; something expected to happen

Pronunciation

gee-LAH-oo-mahn

Root and affixes

Related to the root laom or dahom, to expect or hope. Gilauman expresses something expected or foreseen. For previsto as scheduled or fixed, gitakda may be more precise.

Variants or conjugations

gilauman; gilaoman; gipaabot; gipaabot nga; gitakda; giplano; gibanabana; gilauman nga

Related words and expressions

pagdahom = expectation; dahom = to expect; paabot = to wait; gitakda = set or scheduled; plano = plan; banabana = estimate

Meaning and usage notes

Use gilauman for previsto as expected or anticipated. Use gitakda if the expected thing is officially set for a date, time, or plan. Use giplano if you mean planned.

anticipatedexpectationexpectedforeseenplannedscheduled
Example 1

Mas sayo siya miabot kay sa gilauman.

He or she arrived earlier than expected.

Example 2

Gilauman nga mahuman ang trabaho karong semana.

The work is expected to be finished this week.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Itakda

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English

to set; to establish; to scheduleverb

Alternative meanings

to set; to establish; to determine; to schedule; to set a date or time; to define a price, deadline, rule, or condition

Pronunciation

ee-TAHK-dah

Root and affixes

Related to takda, which expresses arranging beforehand, scheduling, or establishing. Gitakda means fixed, set, established, or scheduled.

Variants or conjugations

itakda; takda; gitakda; magtakda; pagtatalaga; iskedyul; butang; itaod

Related words and expressions

takda = to schedule or establish; gitakda = fixed or established; iskedyul = schedule; presyo = price; petsa = date; itaod = to fix or install physically; butang = to put

Meaning and usage notes

Use itakda for setting a date, price, deadline, limit, or condition. If fijar means to attach or fasten physically, itaod, idapat, or ibutang may fit depending on the object. If fijar la mirada means to stare or focus the gaze, tutok is better.

datedeadlineestablishpricescheduleset
Example 1

Itakda nato ang petsa sa miting.

Let us set the date of the meeting.

Example 2

Gitakda nila ang presyo sa produkto.

They set the price of the product.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pagdahom

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English

expectation; anticipation; hopenoun

Alternative meanings

expectation; anticipation; hope; supposition; what is expected; a belief or idea about something that may happen

Pronunciation

pag-DAH-hom

Root and affixes

From dahom, to expect or hope something will happen, with pag- forming a noun for the act or state of expecting. It may also appear as pagdahum in some spellings.

Variants or conjugations

pagdahom; pagdahum; dahom; magdahom; damhon; gilauman; paglaom; panahom

Related words and expressions

dahom = to expect; gilauman = expected; paglaom = hope or expectation; panahom = notion or opinion; pagpaabot = waiting or expectation; hulat = to wait

Meaning and usage notes

Pagdahom works for expectation as expectation or anticipation. If the meaning is more emotional hope, paglaom may fit better. If it means an opinion or supposition, panahom can be more specific.

anticipationexpectexpectationfuturehopesupposition
Example 1

Dako ang iyang pagdahom sa bag-ong trabaho.

He or she has high expectations for the new job.

Example 2

Wala matuman ang ilang pagdahom.

Their expectation was not fulfilled.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Adlaw-adlaw

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English

daily; everyday; day-to-dayadjective / adverb

Alternative meanings

daily; everyday; day-to-day; habitual; occurring every day; day by day

Pronunciation

AHD-law AHD-law

Root and affixes

Reduplication of adlaw, day or sun. Adlaw-adlaw literally points to day after day or every day.

Variants or conjugations

matag adlaw; kada adlaw; inadlaw; adlaw-adlawon; kasagaran

Related words and expressions

day; routine; life; always; time

Meaning and usage notes

Adlaw-adlaw works as everyday, daily, or every day. Inadlaw can also mean daily, and kasagaran can fit when the sense is usual or normal.

daily, everyday, routine
Example 1

Kini bahin sa adlaw-adlaw nga kinabuhi.

This is part of everyday life.

Example 2

Adlaw-adlaw siya magbasa.

He or she reads daily.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Bag-o

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English

new; recent; recentlyadjective / adverb

Pronunciation

BAHG-oh

Root and affixes

Base form: bag-o. It can work as an adjective for new or recent, and in expressions like “bag-o lang” or “bag-ohay lang” for recently, just now, or lately.

Meaning and usage notes

Use bag-o for new or recent. Before a noun, it often appears as bag-ong, for example bag-ong balay = new house. For recently, use bag-o lang or bag-ohay lang.

currentfreshjust nowlatelylatestnewrecentrecently
Example 1

Bag-o akong telepono.

My phone is new.

Example 2

Bag-o lang siya miabot.

He/She arrived recently.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Inisyal

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English

initialadjective / noun

Pronunciation

ee-nees-YAHL

Root and affixes

Adapted loanword from initial/inicial. Inisyal is used for something at the beginning or for the initial letters of a name.

Meaning and usage notes

Use inisyal when you mean initial as an adjective or an initial letter. For “beginning” as the start of something, sinugdanan is usually better. For “principal” or “primary,” panguna may sound more natural.

basicbeginningearlyfirstinitialinitial letterstagestart
Example 1

Unsa ang imong inisyal?

What is your initial?

Example 2

Sa inisyal nga yugto, simple pa ang proseso.

In the initial stage, the process is still simple.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

pagkahuman

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English

afterwards; later; subsequentlyadverb / temporal connector

Alternative meanings

Indicates that something happens after something else or at a later moment.

Pronunciation

pag-kah-HOO-mahn

Root and affixes

Related to human, to finish or after finishing. Pagkahuman works as afterwards or subsequently.

Variants or conjugations

pagkahuman; unya; human; later

Related words and expressions

later; after; now; next; time

Meaning and usage notes

Pagkahuman is used for after something. Unya can also mean later/afterwards in everyday conversation.

adverbafterwardsconnectorlatersubsequentlytime
Example 1

Pagkahuman, miuli mi sa balay.

Afterwards, we went home.

Example 2

Magkita ta unya.

See you later.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Panahon

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English

weather / climate / timenoun

Alternative meanings

weather
climate
time
season
period
occasion
atmospheric condition
state of the weather

Pronunciation

pah-NAH-hon

Root and affixes

Panahon is a broad word that can mean weather, climate, time, season, or period. Context decides whether it refers to weather or to time as duration.

Variants or conjugations

panahon = weather / climate / time / season
maayong panahon = good weather
daotang panahon = bad weather
ting-ulan = rainy season
ting-init = dry or hot season
klima = climate, modern loanword
weather = weather, modern loanword in informal contexts

Related words and expressions

ulan = rain
init = heat / hot
tugnaw = cold
hangin = wind
bagyo = storm / typhoon
adlaw = sun / day
temperatura = temperature

Meaning and usage notes

Use panahon for weather or climate in daily conversation. It also means time, so context matters: nindot ang panahon talks about weather; wala koy panahon means I do not have time.

climateheatnaturerainseasontimeweather
Example 1

Nindot ang panahon karong buntag.

The weather is nice this morning.

Example 2

Daotan ang panahon tungod sa bagyo.

The weather is bad because of the storm.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Ulan

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English

rain; to rainnoun / verb

Pronunciation

OO-lahn

Root and affixes

Base form: ulan. As a noun it means rain; as a verb it can express to rain. Related to ting-ulan, rainy season.

Meaning and usage notes

Use ulan for rain or to rain. For rainy season, use ting-ulan. For heavy rain, you can say kusog nga ulan; for drizzle, ulan-ulan or taligsik may be used depending on place/context.

climatenaturerainrainfallrainy seasonskywaterweather
Example 1

Kusog kaayo ang ulan karon.

The rain is very strong now.

Example 2

Magdala ko og payong kay basin muulan.

I will bring an umbrella because it might rain.

Found an error?