Qualities & Descriptions – Page 5

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

sakto

English

correctadjective

Alternative meanings: correct
exact
right or fitting
enough, depending on context
Pronunciation: SAHK-toh
Root and affixes: sakto comes from eksakto, related to exact; it is used as an adjective and also as a confirming answer
Variants or conjugations: eksakto = exact
masakto = to hit the mark or turn out exact
saktong = correct or just before a noun
Related words and expressions: husto = right, enough, appropriate
tinuod = true
sayop = incorrect, mistake
Meaning and usage notes: Sakto is very common for correct, exact, or appropriate. It can also mean enough, as in sakto na, that is enough.

correctenoughexactrighttrue

Example 1

Sakto ang imong tubag.

Your answer is correct.

Example 2

Sakto na kini para karon.

This is enough for now.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Mailhan pinaagi sa kinaiya

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts Qualities & Descriptions

English

to characterize; to be characterized byverb phrase

Alternative meanings: to characterize; to distinguish by traits; to define by qualities; to describe the characteristics of someone or something
Pronunciation: mah-EEL-hahn pee-nah-AH-gee sah kee-nah-EE-yah
Root and affixes: Construction with mailhan, to be recognized or distinguished, and kinaiya, character, trait, or nature. Nagpaila sa kinaiya can also express something that reveals or shows a characteristic.
Variants or conjugations: nagpaila sa kinaiya; mailhan sa; described through traits; kinaiya; characterize
Related words and expressions: character; behavior; description; sign; quality; marker
Meaning and usage notes: There is not always a single simple verb equivalent to characterize. This expression works when something is distinguished by its qualities. For describing characteristics, gihulagway may be more direct.

charactercharacterizedescribedistinguishqualitiestraits

Example 1

Mailhan siya pinaagi sa iyang kalma nga kinaiya.

He or she is characterized by a calm nature.

Example 2

Ang produkto mailhan pinaagi sa taas nga kalidad.

The product is characterized by high quality.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kasagaran

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Connectors & Function Words Qualities & Descriptions

English

usually; habitual; usual; normallyadverb / adjective / habitual expression

Pronunciation: kah-sah-GAH-rahn
Root and affixes: Kasagaran comes from sagad, related to what is common or usual. It does not work exactly like the Spanish verb soler; it is placed in a sentence to show that something usually or frequently happens.
Meaning and usage notes: Use kasagaran for habitual, usual, or normally. If you mean being used to something, naanad may fit better. For habitual as an established custom, kinaandan can also work depending on the sentence.

frequencygenerallyhabithabitualhabituallynormallyusualusually

Example 1

Kasagaran mokaon ko og pamahaw sayo.

I usually eat breakfast early.

Example 2

Kasagaran nga buhat niya ang pagbasa sa gabii.

His/Her usual activity is reading at night.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Sunod-sunod

Ideas & Abstract Concepts Qualities & Descriptions Time & Calendar

English

consecutive; successive; one after anotheradjective / adverb

Alternative meanings: consecutive; successive; one after another; in a row; in sequence; without interruption
Pronunciation: soo-NOD-soo-NOD
Root and affixes: Comes from sunod, meaning to follow, obey, or next. The reduplication sunod-sunod expresses continuity or succession.
Variants or conjugations: next; to follow one after another; consecutive; repeated; successive
Related words and expressions: next; series; order; day; occasion
Meaning and usage notes: Use sunod-sunod for events in a row, consecutive days, or repeated actions. Sagunsun can also express rapid repetition or succession, depending on context.

consecutive, successive, in a row

Example 1

Tulo ka adlaw nga sunod-sunod ang ulan.

It rained for three consecutive days.

Example 2

Nakadaog sila og duha ka duwa nga sunod-sunod.

They won two games in a row.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Hingpit

Basic Vocabulary Connectors & Function Words Ideas & Abstract Concepts Qualities & Descriptions

English

perfect; complete; completely; fullyadjective / adverbial expression

Pronunciation: HING-pit
Root and affixes: Hingpit may also appear as himpit in some sources or variants. Sa hingpit works as an adverbial expression meaning completely, fully, or thoroughly.
Meaning and usage notes: Use hingpit for perfect, complete, or total. For totally as an adverb, use sa hingpit. In casual conversation, completely may also be expressed with kaayo or other wording depending on the sentence.

absolutecompletecompletelyfullyperfectthoroughtotalwithout flaw

Example 1

Dili ko sa hingpit sigurado.

I am not completely sure.

Example 2

Hingpit ang iyang tubag.

His or her answer was perfect.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Panguna

Qualities & Descriptions

English

primary; main; principaladjective

Alternative meanings: Main, basic, or of first importance; something that comes first or serves as a basis.
Pronunciation: pa-NGU-na
Root and affixes: una + pang-
Variants or conjugations: una, nauna, primarya
Related words and expressions: main, basic, first, essential, initial
Meaning and usage notes: Panguna works for primary when it means main, basic, or most important. Una or nauna are closer to first. In modern educational contexts, primarya may appear as a borrowed form.

basicmainprimaryprincipal

Example 1

Mao kini ang panguna nga tumong sa proyekto.

This is the primary goal of the project.

Example 2

Panguna ang kahimsog sa atong kinabuhi.

Health is primary in our life.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Inila

Qualities & Descriptions

English

outstanding; prominent; notableadjective

Alternative meanings: Standing out, well-known, or noticeable because of importance, quality, or reputation.
Pronunciation: i-NI-la
Root and affixes: ila + -in-
Variants or conjugations: bantog, bantugan, ilado, dungganan
Related words and expressions: notable, famous, prominent, recognized, important
Meaning and usage notes: Inila is a neutral form for outstanding, known, or prominent. Bantog or bantugan are used more when the meaning is famous, renowned, or distinguished.

notableoutstandingprominentrecognized

Example 1

Inila siya nga magtutudlo sa among lungsod.

He or she is a prominent teacher in our town.

Example 2

Bantugan siya sa iyang maayo nga buhat.

He or she is renowned for good work.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Ngitngit

Qualities & Descriptions

English

darkadjective

Alternative meanings: Having little or no light; it can also describe something gloomy, sad, or hard to see clearly.
Pronunciation: ngit-NGIT
Root and affixes: ngitngit
Variants or conjugations: dulom, ngitngit kaayo, ngitngit-ngit
Related words and expressions: darkness, shadow, night, gloomy, black
Meaning and usage notes: Ngitngit is used for dark due to lack of light and also figuratively for something gloomy or somber. Dulom is more related to darkness or dimness.

darkdarknessnightshadow

Example 1

Ngitngit ang kwarto.

The room is dark.

Example 2

Ngitngit kaayo ang dalan kung gabii.

The road is very dark at night.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Maayo kaayo

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts Qualities & Descriptions

English

excellent; very goodadjective / expression

Alternative meanings: excellent; very good; really good; of very good quality
Pronunciation: mah-AH-yoh kah-AH-yoh
Root and affixes: Maayo means good or well; kaayo intensifies the meaning as very or much.
Variants or conjugations: maayo; labing maayo; pinakamaayo; maayo gyud; nindot kaayo
Related words and expressions: nice; good; quality; excellence; best
Meaning and usage notes: Maayo kaayo is a natural way to say excellent in conversation. Labing maayo or pinakamaayo can sound closer to the best or the best option.

excellentpositivepraisequalityvery good

Example 1

Maayo kaayo ang imong trabaho.

Your work is excellent.

Example 2

Maayo kaayo kini nga ideya.

This idea is excellent.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Libre

Connectors & Function Words Economy & Business Qualities & Descriptions

English

free; free of charge; no-costadjective

Alternative meanings: free; free of charge; no-cost; without payment; complimentary
Pronunciation: LIB-reh
Root and affixes: Loanword from Spanish libre. For the specific meaning of without payment, walay bayad is a very clear and natural expression.
Variants or conjugations: free of charge; gratis; free; just free
Related words and expressions: payment; price; money; free; service
Meaning and usage notes: Libre can also mean free in the sense of not imprisoned or unrestricted. For free of charge, use libre or walay bayad depending on context.

free, free of charge, no-cost

Example 1

Libre ang entrada karon.

Admission is free today.

Example 2

Walay bayad ang serbisyo.

The service is free of charge.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Andam

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Qualities & Descriptions Time & Calendar

English

to prepare; ready; prepared; willing; preparationverb / adjective / noun depending on context

Pronunciation: AHN-dahm
Root and affixes: Root: andam. Common forms: moandam = will prepare/prepares; nag-andam = is preparing or prepared; giandam = was prepared; andamon = something to prepare; pag-andam = preparation; pangandam = preparation or readiness.
Meaning and usage notes: Andam can be a verb or an adjective. Andam na ko means I am ready now. For willing as being disposed to do something, andam can work; for inner will or volition, kabubut-on may fit depending on the sentence.

get readyorganizepreparationpreparepreparedreadinessreadywilling

Example 1

Andam na ko motabang.

I am willing to help.

Example 2

Andam na ka?

Are you ready?

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Mubo

Ideas & Abstract Concepts Qualities & Descriptions Time & Calendar

English

brief; short; conciseadjective

Alternative meanings: brief; short; concise; short in duration; short in length
Pronunciation: MOO-boh
Root and affixes: Root mubo. It can form expressions such as mubo nga panahon for a brief time or mubo nga mensahe for a short message.
Variants or conjugations: short; somewhat short; shorter; shortest
Related words and expressions: long; time; message; story; small
Meaning and usage notes: Mubo can also mean low or short in height depending on context. For brief in the sense of little time, mubo nga panahon is a natural expression.

brief, short, concise

Example 1

Mubo ra ang iyang mensahe.

His or her message was brief.

Example 2

Mubo ra ang among panag-istorya.

Our conversation was short.

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