Vocabulario – Page 116

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Balay

Basic Vocabulary Home & Objects

English

house / homenoun

Alternative meanings: housenhomendwellingnplace where a person or family lives
Pronunciation: BAH-lai
Root and affixes: Base form: balay.
Variants or conjugations: mga balay = housesnbalay-balay = little house or playing house, depending on contextnpuy-anan = dwelling or residencenbalayan = structure or place related to a house, depending on context
Related words and expressions: puyo = to live or residenpuy-anan = residencenkwarto = roomnpultahan = doornbintana = window
Meaning and usage notes: Used for a physical house or a home. In many contexts it can also carry the emotional sense of home.

basic wordsdwellingfamilyhomehouse

Example 1

Naa ko sa balay.

I am at home.

Example 2

Dako ang ilang balay.

Their house is big.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Dugang pa

Basic Vocabulary Connectors & Function Words

English

besides / furthermoreconnector / adverb

Alternative meanings: besidesnfurthermorenin additionnalso or moreover, depending on context
Pronunciation: DOO-gahng pah
Root and affixes: Dugang means additional, increase, or added thing; pa adds a sense of still, more, or besides depending on context.
Variants or conjugations: gawas pa = besides / apart fromnapil pa = also includedndugang = additional / to addnusab = also / again
Related words and expressions: usab = alsonapil = includengawas = outside / apartndugang = additionalnunya = then / later
Meaning and usage notes: “Dugang pa” is used to add information: besides, additionally, or furthermore. For “besides something”, “gawas pa sa...” may fit better.

alsobasic wordsbesidesconnectorfurthermorein addition

Example 1

Dugang pa, importante kini.

Furthermore, this is important.

Example 2

Gawas pa sa trabaho, nagtuon siya.

Besides work, he/she studies.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Abot

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

to arrive / to reachverb

Alternative meanings: to arrivento reachnto get to a placento be enough or reach a point, depending on context
Pronunciation: AH-boht
Root and affixes: Root: abot.
Variants or conjugations: miabot = arrivednmoabot = will arrive / is going to arrivennaabot = reached / got tonaboton = will be reached / will reachnabot na = already arrived
Related words and expressions: arrivednwill arrivenreachednreachncomengo
Meaning and usage notes: “Abot” can be used for arriving at a place, reaching an amount, or getting to a certain point. For “come”, “anhi” can also appear depending on context.

arrivebasic wordsmovementto arriveto reachverb

Example 1

Miabot na siya.

He/She has arrived.

Example 2

Moabot ko unya.

I will arrive later.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kahimtang

Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

situation / conditionnoun

Alternative meanings: situationnstatenconditionncircumstance or the way something currently is
Pronunciation: kah-HIM-tahng
Root and affixes: Related root: himtang. The form kahimtang expresses state, condition, or situation.
Variants or conjugations: sitwasyon = situation, a loanword used in conversationnkalagayan = condition or state, depending on contextnmaayong kahimtang = good situation or good condition
Related words and expressions: sitwasyon = situationnkondisyon = conditionnbutang = thing or matternpanghitabo = eventnsangputanan = result
Meaning and usage notes: Used to describe the state of a person, place, problem, matter, or context. “Sitwasyon” is also understood as a loanword, but “kahimtang” sounds more native for state or situation.

abstract conceptcircumstanceconditionsituationstate

Example 1

Unsa ang kahimtang karon?

What is the situation now?

Example 2

Lisod ang kahimtang sa pamilya.

The family situation is difficult.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Tawo

Basic Vocabulary People & Relationships

English

personnoun

Alternative meanings: personnhuman beingnpeopleninhabitant, depending on context
Pronunciation: TAH-woh
Root and affixes: Base form: tawo.
Variants or conjugations: mga tawo = people / personsntawhana = that personntawhanon = human / humanitarianntaga- = person from a place, as in taga-Cebu
Related words and expressions: peoplenthat personnmannwomannchildnfriendnfamily
Meaning and usage notes: “Tawo” can refer to one individual person or to people in general. The common plural is “mga tawo”.

basic wordshuman beingpeoplepersonrelationships

Example 1

Maayo siyang tawo.

He/She is a good person.

Example 2

Daghang tawo diri.

There are many people here.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Problema

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

problemnoun

Alternative meanings: problemndifficultynissue that needs a solutionnconflict or complicated situation
Pronunciation: pro-BLEH-mah
Root and affixes: Base form: problema. It is a borrowed word commonly used in modern Cebuano.
Variants or conjugations: mga problema = problemsnproblemahon = problematic, depending on contextnwalay problema = no problem
Related words and expressions: lisod = difficultnsolusyon = solutionnkalisod = difficultynsamok = trouble / nuisancenkasamok = problem / disturbance
Meaning and usage notes: A very common borrowed word for difficulties, conflicts, or situations that need a solution. In some contexts, words like “lisod” or “samok” may also be used, but they do not always mean exactly “problem”.

basic wordsconflictdifficultyproblemsolution

Example 1

Aduna koy problema.

I have a problem.

Example 2

Walay problema.

No problem.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Tawag

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

to call / callverb / noun

Alternative meanings: to call someonento name or call somethingnto make a phone callna call, depending on context
Pronunciation: TAH-wahg
Root and affixes: Base form: tawag. It can work as a verb meaning to call and as a noun meaning a call.
Variants or conjugations: motawag = will call / is going to callnnagtawag = is callingngitawag = was calledntawagi = call someonentawagon = to call or be called
Related words and expressions: ngalan = namentelepono = telephonentubag = answernsulti = saynpangutana = ask
Meaning and usage notes: Used both for calling a person and making a phone call. It is also used in phrases like “unsa imong tawag ani?” to ask what something is called.

callnamephone calltelephoneverb

Example 1

Tawagi ko unya.

Call me later.

Example 2

Unsa imong tawag ani?

What do you call this?

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Tugot

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Society & Community

English

to allow / permissionnoun / verb

Alternative meanings: to allownto give permissionnto authorizenpermission or consent, depending on context
Pronunciation: TOO-goht
Root and affixes: Root: tugot.
Variants or conjugations: motugot = to allow / to agreengitugotan = allowed / was permittedntugoti = allow him/her/itnpagtugot = permission or the act of allowing
Related words and expressions: permiso = permission, borrowed form depending on contextnuyon = to agreendili motugot = not allownbawal = prohibitednsugot = accept / consent
Meaning and usage notes: “Tugot” can work as the idea of permission or as the root for verb forms. To say “to allow”, Cebuano often uses “motugot” or “tugoti”, depending on the sentence.

authorizebasic wordsconsentpermissionto allowverb

Example 1

Motugot ka?

Do you allow it?

Example 2

Gitugotan ko niya nga mosulod.

He/She allowed me to enter.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Makakita

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

to seeverb

Alternative meanings: to seento be able to seento catch sight ofnto perceive with the eyes
Pronunciation: mah-kah-KEE-tah
Root and affixes: Root: kita.
Variants or conjugations: nakita = saw / seennmakakita = to be able to seenkita = to see, but it can also mean we/us depending on contextntan-aw = to look, watch, or observentan-awa = look / watch
Related words and expressions: kitannakitantan-awntan-awanlooknwatch
Meaning and usage notes: “Makakita” is used for the ability or action of seeing. “Tan-aw” is closer to looking, watching, or observing. “Kita” needs context because it can also mean “we/us”.

basic wordslooksightto seeverbwatch

Example 1

Makakita ko nimo.

I can see you.

Example 2

Nakita nako ang balay.

I saw the house.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Hulat

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

to wait / to expectverb / noun

Alternative meanings: to waitnto awaitnto wait for someone or somethingnto expect something to happen
Pronunciation: hoo-LAHT
Root and affixes: Root: hulat. It expresses waiting, awaiting, or remaining until something happens.
Variants or conjugations: huwat = common variant in some areasnmohulat = will wait / is going to waitnnaghulat = is waitingnhulaton = to await somethingnhulat-i = wait for someone or at a place
Related words and expressions: laum = to hopenpaglaum = hopenhulaton = awaitnpaabot = wait or awaitntime = time
Meaning and usage notes: Used for waiting or awaiting. If the idea is “to hope” or “to expect something good”, “laum” can also be used.

awaitexpecttimeverbwait

Example 1

Mohulat ko nimo diri.

I will wait for you here.

Example 2

Naghulat sila sa bus.

They are waiting for the bus.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Adlaw

Basic Vocabulary Time & Calendar

English

daynoun

Alternative meanings: dayndaytimena twenty-four-hour periodnsun, depending on context
Pronunciation: AHD-lahw
Root and affixes: Base form: adlaw.
Variants or conjugations: kada adlaw = every daynadlaw-adlaw = dailynmatag adlaw = every daynsunod adlaw = the next daynmiaging adlaw = the past day
Related words and expressions: weeknmonthnyearntodayntomorrownyesterdayndaily
Meaning and usage notes: Used for calendar days, daily routine, or time. In some contexts it also means “sun”.

basic wordscalendardayroutinesuntime

Example 1

Maayong adlaw.

Good day.

Example 2

Kada adlaw ko magtuon.

I study every day.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kab-ot

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

to achieve / to reachverb

Alternative meanings: to achievento reachnto attainnto obtain a goal or result through effort
Pronunciation: KAB-oht
Root and affixes: Root: kab-ot. It expresses reaching something, attaining a goal, or achieving a result.
Variants or conjugations: makab-ot = to be able to achieve / reachnnakab-ot = achieved / reachednkab-oton = to achieve or reach somethingnkakab-otan = achievement, realization, or reached result
Related words and expressions: abot = reach or arrivenmakab-ot = achieventinguha = goal or desirenkalampusan = successnsangputanan = result
Meaning and usage notes: Used when someone reaches a goal, obtains something desired, or achieves a result through effort. It can also mean physically reaching something.

achieveattaingoalreachverb

Example 1

Makab-ot nimo ang imong damgo.

You can achieve your dream.

Example 2

Nakab-ot niya ang iyang tumong.

He/She achieved the goal.

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