Basic Vocabulary – Page 87

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kausaban

English

changenoun

Alternative meanings: changentransformationnalterationnmodificationnvariation in a situation or state
Pronunciation: kah-oo-SAH-bahn
Root and affixes: Related to usab, to change, repeat, or again depending on context.
Variants or conjugations: pagbag-o = change / renewal / modificationnusab = change / again, depending on contextnnausab = changed / was changednmga kausaban = changes
Related words and expressions: usab = change / againnbag-o = newnpagbag-o = change / renewalnlahi = differentnkalainan = difference
Meaning and usage notes: “Kausaban” is used for change as a result or transformation. For the act of changing or modifying, Cebuano may use “pagbag-o” or forms of “usab” depending on the sentence.

basic wordschangedifferencemodificationtransformationvariation

Example 1

Adunay kausaban sa plano.

There is a change in the plan.

Example 2

Dako ang kausaban.

The change is big.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Impormasyon

Basic Vocabulary Technology & Information

English

informationnoun

Alternative meanings: informationndatancommunicated knowledgenmessage, detail, or content that is understood
Pronunciation: im-por-mah-SYON
Root and affixes: Base form: impormasyon. It is borrowed from Spanish informacion and is commonly used in Cebuano.
Variants or conjugations: impurmasiyun = spelling variantninfo = informal short formndatos = data, a loanword used in technical contextsnkasayuran = knowledge or information, depending on context
Related words and expressions: datos = datanmensahi = messagenbalita = newsnknowledge = knowledgenteknolohiya = technology
Meaning and usage notes: It is a Spanish loanword and is normally used for information, data, messages, or communicated content. In technology, it can appear with data, system, program, or record contexts.

datainformationknowledgemessagetechnology

Example 1

Kinahanglan nako ang impormasyon.

I need the information.

Example 2

Sakto ba ang impormasyon?

Is the information correct?

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Proseso

Basic Vocabulary Education & Learning Ideas & Abstract Concepts Technology & Information

English

processnoun

Alternative meanings: processnseries of stepsnmethodndevelopment or procedure for achieving something
Pronunciation: pro-SEH-soh
Root and affixes: Base form: proseso. It is a borrowed word commonly used in modern Cebuano.
Variants or conjugations: mga proseso = processesnprosesong = process before a nounnpagproseso = processing / act of processing
Related words and expressions: pamaagi = method / waynpaagi = way / mannernsistema = systemnlakang = stepnplano = plan
Meaning and usage notes: “Proseso” is used in education, technology, work, government, and daily life for steps or procedures. For “way/method”, Cebuano may also use “pamaagi” or “paagi”.

basic wordsmethodprocedureprocessstepssystem

Example 1

Lisod ang proseso.

The process is difficult.

Example 2

Sabta una ang proseso.

Understand the process first.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pananglitan

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

example / for examplenoun / connector

Alternative meanings: exampleninstancensamplenfor examplena case that illustrates an idea
Pronunciation: pah-nahng-LEE-tahn
Root and affixes: Related root: sanglit. The form pananglitan is used for example, instance, or sample.
Variants or conjugations: pananglit = for example, variant or related formnehemplo = example, a loanword used in some contextsnmuwestra = samplenpananglitan nga sentensiya = example sentence
Related words and expressions: sanglit = since / becausenpananglit = for examplenehemplo = examplenmuwestra = samplenexplanation = explanation
Meaning and usage notes: Used as a noun for “example” and also as a connector for “for example”. It is a very common and natural Cebuano form.

basic wordsexamplefor exampleinstancesample

Example 1

Hatagi ko og pananglitan.

Give me an example.

Example 2

Pananglitan, pwede ta magsugod ugma.

For example, we can start tomorrow.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kaugalingon

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts People & Relationships

English

own / selfnoun / possessive adjective

Alternative meanings: ownnselfnof oneselfnpersonal identity or belonging, depending on context
Pronunciation: kah-oo-gah-LEE-ngon
Root and affixes: Related to ugalingon, oneself or own self.
Variants or conjugations: akong kaugalingon = my own / myselfnimong kaugalingon = your own / yourselfniyang kaugalingon = his/her own / himself/herselfnsa kaugalingon = own / personal
Related words and expressions: akoa = minenimoha = yoursniya = his/hersnpersonal = personal, borrowed formnangay = proper / suitable, depending on context
Meaning and usage notes: “Kaugalingon” covers “propio” in the sense of belonging to oneself or related to oneself. If “propio” means suitable, correct, or proper, another word like “angay” may fit depending on context.

basic wordsidentityownpersonalpossessiveself

Example 1

Akong kaugalingon nga balay.

My own house.

Example 2

Higugmaa ang imong kaugalingon.

Love yourself.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Makaplag

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

to findverb

Alternative meanings: to findnto discovernto come acrossnto locate something or someone
Pronunciation: mah-KAP-lahg
Root and affixes: Root: kaplag.
Variants or conjugations: nakaplag = found / discoverednmakaplag = to be able to find / to eventually findnkaplagon = will be foundnmakakita = to find/see, depending on a more conversational context
Related words and expressions: foundnwill be foundnto see/findnsearchnseenbe seen/found
Meaning and usage notes: “Makaplag” is more specific for finding or discovering. In conversation, “makakita” can also be used when finding is close to seeing or coming across something.

basic wordsdiscoverlocatesearchto findverb

Example 1

Nakaplag ko og kwarta.

I found money.

Example 2

Makaplag ra ka og paagi.

You will find a way.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Daog

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

to winverb / noun

Alternative meanings: to winnto defeatnto triumphnvictory or prize won, depending on context
Pronunciation: DAH-og
Root and affixes: Root: daog. It expresses winning, defeating, or prevailing in a competition, fight, game, or situation.
Variants or conjugations: modaog = will win / is going to winnnidaog = wonnnagdaog = is winning or wonndaugon = to win somethingnkadaogan = victory or triumphnmananaog = winner or victor
Related words and expressions: kadaogan = victorynmananaog = winnernpildi = losenkita = earn money or incomenkalampusan = success
Meaning and usage notes: Used for winning a competition, game, fight, election, or challenge. For “earn money”, the word can be “kita”; that is a different sense from daog.

defeattriumphverbvictorywin

Example 1

Modaog ta karon.

We will win today.

Example 2

Nidaog siya sa dula.

He/She won the game.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kanunay

Basic Vocabulary Connectors & Function Words Time & Calendar

English

alwaysadverb

Alternative meanings: alwaysnconstantlynregularlynall the time or continuously
Pronunciation: kah-NOO-nai
Root and affixes: Base form: kanunay.
Variants or conjugations: permi = always / often, very common in conversationnkanunayng = form before a word or phrasensa kanunay = always / continuously
Related words and expressions: permi = always / oftennkada adlaw = every daynusab = also / againnwalay hunong = without stoppingnpirme = always, conversational variant
Meaning and usage notes: “Kanunay” is a clear form for “always” or “constantly”. In everyday conversation, “permi” or “pirme” is also very common, especially for habitual actions.

adverbalwaysbasic wordsconstantlyfrequencytime

Example 1

Kanunay ko maghunahuna nimo.

I always think of you.

Example 2

Permi siya nga moabot og sayo.

He/She always arrives early.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Hapit

Basic Vocabulary Connectors & Function Words

English

almost / nearlyadverb / verb

Alternative meanings: almostnnearlynabout tonclose to happening or being completed
Pronunciation: HAH-pit
Root and affixes: Base form: hapit. As an adverb it expresses almost or about to happen; as a verb it can mean to stop by or make a short stop.
Variants or conjugations: hapit na = almost already / about tonhapit na gyud = very nearly / almost for surenhapit pa = not quite yet, but closenmohapit = will stop by / will make a stop
Related words and expressions: duol = nearndul-an = almost or nearnmedyo = somewhatnpaabot = waitnna = already
Meaning and usage notes: Used to say that something is very close to happening or being completed. It can also be used as a verb meaning to stop by or make a short stop somewhere.

about toadverbalmostfunction wordsnearly

Example 1

Hapit na ko mahuman.

I am almost finished.

Example 2

Hapit na ta didto.

We are almost there.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Bata

Basic Vocabulary Family People & Relationships

English

childnoun

Alternative meanings: childnboy or girlnminornyoung personnson or daughter, depending on context
Pronunciation: BAH-tah
Root and affixes: Base form: bata.
Variants or conjugations: mga bata = childrennbatang lalaki = boynbatang babaye = girlnkabataan = youth / childhood
Related words and expressions: lalaki = man / malenbabaye = woman / femalenanak = child / son / daughternpamilya = familyneskwela = school
Meaning and usage notes: “Bata” is neutral: it can mean boy or girl. To specify gender, Cebuano can use “batang lalaki” for boy and “batang babaye” for girl.

basic wordsboychildfamilygirlminor

Example 1

Bata pa siya.

He/She is still a child.

Example 2

Daghang bata sa eskwelahan.

There are many children at school.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Gusto

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

to want / to likeverb / noun

Alternative meanings: to wantnto likento preferndesire or preference, depending on context
Pronunciation: GOOS-toh
Root and affixes: Base form: gusto. It is a common loanword adapted in Cebuano speech.
Variants or conjugations: ganahan = to like / to want, very common in conversationngusto ko = I want / I likengusto nako = I want / I likendili ko gusto = I do not want / I do not likenhigugma = to love, when “want/like” means deep love
Related words and expressions: ganahannlovenagree/approvenhappinessndesirenI want
Meaning and usage notes: “Gusto” can mean to want or to like. For romantic or deep love, “higugma” is more appropriate. For “I like”, “ganahan ko” is also very common.

basic wordsdesirepreferto liketo wantverb

Example 1

Gusto ko niini.

I want this.

Example 2

Ganahan ko nimo.

I like you.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Dapit

Basic Vocabulary Places & Geography

English

zone / areanoun / locative adverb

Alternative meanings: zonenplacensitenareanspot, part, or vicinity of a place
Pronunciation: DAH-pit
Root and affixes: Base form: dapit. As a noun it expresses place, zone, site, or area; it can also indicate nearness or location.
Variants or conjugations: sona = zone, a loanword used in some contextsnlugar = place or areanmaong dapit = that area or that placensa dapit = in the area / near
Related words and expressions: lugar = placensona = zonenbahin = partnkilid = sidenduol = near
Meaning and usage notes: Used for a zone, place, site, or part of an area. For technical or administrative zones, “sona” is also understood.

areageographyplacesitezone

Example 1

Hilom ang dapit diri.

This area is quiet.

Example 2

Ayaw adto sa delikado nga dapit.

Do not go to that dangerous area.

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