Basic Vocabulary – Page 88

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Presidente

Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law

English

presidentnoun

Alternative meanings: presidentnhead of statenleader of an organizationnperson who presides over a group
Pronunciation: pre-see-DEN-teh
Root and affixes: Base form: presidente. It is borrowed from Spanish and used in political and organizational contexts.
Variants or conjugations: presidente sa nasod = president of the countrynpresidente sa kompanya = company presidentnpangulo = leader/chief, also used for president in some contexts
Related words and expressions: governmentnleadernpoliticsncountrynmayorncouncil
Meaning and usage notes: “Presidente” is a commonly used loanword. “Pangulo” can also mean leader, chief, or president depending on context.

basic wordsgovernmentleaderpoliticspresidentpublic office

Example 1

Siya ang presidente sa nasod.

He/She is the president of the country.

Example 2

Nagsulti ang presidente.

The president spoke.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Sentro

English

centernoun

Alternative meanings: centernmiddle pointnmain placencentral areancenter as an institution or service place, depending on context
Pronunciation: SEN-troh
Root and affixes: Base form: sentro. It is a borrowed word commonly used in modern Cebuano.
Variants or conjugations: mga sentro = centersnsentrong = center before a nounnsa sentro = in the center
Related words and expressions: tunga = middle / halfndapit = place / areanlugar = placendakbayan = citynopisina = office
Meaning and usage notes: “Sentro” is used for the physical center of a place, the central point of an idea, or a center as an institution. For “middle/half”, “tunga” may be more natural.

basic wordscentercentral areageographymiddleplace

Example 1

Anaa ko sa sentro sa dakbayan.

I am in the city center.

Example 2

Ang eskwelahan naa sa sentro.

The school is in the center.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Milyon

Basic Vocabulary Numbers & Quantities

English

millionnoun / number

Alternative meanings: millionnthe quantity 1,000,000na large number, depending on context
Pronunciation: MIL-yohn
Root and affixes: Base form: milyon. It is an adapted loanword from Spanish millón.
Variants or conjugations: usa ka milyon = one millionnduha ka milyon = two millionnmga milyon = millionsnmilyon-milyon = millions and millions / a great many
Related words and expressions: numbernquantitynthousandnhundrednbillionnmoney
Meaning and usage notes: “Milyon” is a borrowed/adapted form commonly used for large quantities, money, population, or statistics.

basic wordsmillionmoneynumberquantity

Example 1

Usa ka milyon.

One million.

Example 2

Daghang milyon ang gasto.

The cost is many millions.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pagtuon

Basic Vocabulary Education & Learning

English

study / studyingnoun

Alternative meanings: studynthe act of studyingnlearningnthe process of learning or reviewing something
Pronunciation: pag-TOO-on
Root and affixes: Related to tuon, to study or learn.
Variants or conjugations: tuon = to study / learnnmagtuon = to studynnagtuon = is studying / studiedngituonan = studied / was studied
Related words and expressions: tuon = to studyneskwela = schoolnklase = classnleksyon = lessonnkaalam = knowledge
Meaning and usage notes: “Pagtuon” refers to study as an activity or learning process. If “estudio” means room/study, office, or recording studio, another word or the borrowed form “estudyo” may be needed depending on context.

basic wordsknowledgelearningschoolstudystudying

Example 1

Importante ang pagtuon.

Studying is important.

Example 2

Nagtuon ko karon.

I am studying now.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kinabuhi

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

lifenoun

Alternative meanings: lifenexistencenway of livingnlife experience
Pronunciation: kee-nah-BOO-hee
Root and affixes: Related root: buhi = alive / to live. Kinabuhi works as the noun for life.
Variants or conjugations: buhi = alive / to livenkinabuhian = livelihoodnpagkinabuhi = way of livingnwalay kinabuhi = lifeless / without life
Related words and expressions: alivenlivelihoodnway of livingndeathnpersonnworld
Meaning and usage notes: Kinabuhi is used for a person life, existence, or way of living. Buhi is closer to alive or being alive.

basic wordsconceptexistencelifeliving

Example 1

Nindot ang kinabuhi.

Life is beautiful.

Example 2

Mao ni akong kinabuhi.

This is my life.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Dakbayan

Basic Vocabulary Places & Geography

English

citynoun

Alternative meanings: citynlarge urban areanimportant population centernmunicipality or urban area, depending on context
Pronunciation: dahk-BAH-yahn
Root and affixes: Compound related to dako, big, and bayan, town or community.
Variants or conjugations: syudad = city, common borrowed formnciudad = borrowed form that may appear in names or formal contextsnmga dakbayan = cities
Related words and expressions: bayan = town / communitynlungsod = town / city / municipalitynbarangay = neighborhood / local communitynprobinsya = provincenlugar = place
Meaning and usage notes: “Dakbayan” is a Cebuano form for city. In conversation, “syudad” is also heard as a borrowed form from ciudad/city, especially in everyday speech.

basic wordscitygeographyplacetownurban

Example 1

Dako ang dakbayan.

The city is big.

Example 2

Nagpuyo ko sa dakbayan.

I live in the city.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Proyekto

Basic Vocabulary Education & Learning Ideas & Abstract Concepts Work & Professions

English

projectnoun

Alternative meanings: projectnorganized plannwork or activity with a goalnschool, work, or community task
Pronunciation: pro-YEK-toh
Root and affixes: Base form: proyekto. It is a borrowed word used in modern Cebuano.
Variants or conjugations: mga proyekto = projectsnproyektong = project before a nounnproject = English form that may also appear in modern contexts
Related words and expressions: plano = planntrabaho = work / jobnbuhat = to do / workntumong = goalneskwela = school
Meaning and usage notes: Used for school, work, community, technical, or creative projects. It is a common and understandable borrowed word in modern Cebuano.

basic wordsgoalplanprojecttaskwork

Example 1

Aduna koy bag-ong proyekto.

I have a new project.

Example 2

Human na ang proyekto.

The project is finished.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Gawas

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

to go out / outsideverb / adverb / noun

Alternative meanings: to go outnoutsidenexteriornto leave a place or move outward
Pronunciation: GAH-wahs
Root and affixes: Base form: gawas. It can express outside/exterior or the action of going out depending on construction.
Variants or conjugations: mogawas = will go out / is going outnnagawas = went out / going outngawas sa = outside of / exceptnpagawas = to let out or bring outngawasnon = external or outside
Related words and expressions: sulod = enter / insidenawas = come out or overflow, depending on contextnlakaw = leave or walknadto = gonpultahan = door
Meaning and usage notes: Used for going out of a place or indicating outside. For “leave” as going away, “lakaw” may also fit depending on context.

exteriorgo outleaveoutsideverb

Example 1

Mogawas ko karon.

I am going out now.

Example 2

Naa siya sa gawas.

He/She is outside.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Gobyerno

Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law

English

governmentnoun

Alternative meanings: governmentnpublic administrationnpolitical authorityninstitution that leads a country, region, or city
Pronunciation: goh-BYER-noh
Root and affixes: Base form: gobyerno. It is an adapted loanword from Spanish gobierno.
Variants or conjugations: gobierno = form directly influenced by Spanishnsa gobyerno = in the government / of the governmentngobyernohan = government-related, depending on context
Related words and expressions: statenlawnpoliticsnmayornpresidentnmunicipality
Meaning and usage notes: “Gobyerno” is an adapted loanword and commonly used. It can refer to national government, local government, or public administration.

authoritybasic wordsgovernmentinstitutionpoliticsstate

Example 1

Ang gobyerno nagtabang sa mga tawo.

The government helps the people.

Example 2

Trabaho siya sa gobyerno.

He/She works in the government.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Bilin

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

to remain / to be leftverb / noun

Alternative meanings: to remainnto staynto be left overnto be left behindnwhat remains, depending on context
Pronunciation: BEE-lin
Root and affixes: Base form: bilin.
Variants or conjugations: mabilin = to remain / stay / be leftnnabilin = remained / stayed / was left overnbilinan = leave something for someonenbilin nga = remaining / left
Related words and expressions: pabilin = to stay / remainnsobra = excess / to be extranhabilin = remaining / leftnmagkita = meet upnangay = fit / be suitable, depending on context
Meaning and usage notes: “Bilin” covers “quedar” in the sense of remaining, staying, or being left over. For “quedar con alguien”, Cebuano uses another idea such as “magkita” for meeting. For “quedar bien”, “angay” or another expression may fit depending on context.

basic wordsleft overremainingto remainto stayverb

Example 1

Unsa pa ang nabilin?

What is still left?

Example 2

Mabilin ko dinhi.

I will stay here.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Agi

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

to pass / to pass byverb / noun

Alternative meanings: to passnto pass by a placento go throughnto happenntrace or mark, depending on context
Pronunciation: AH-gee
Root and affixes: Root: agi.
Variants or conjugations: miagi = passed / passed bynmoagi = will pass / is going to pass bynagi-an = place or path one passes throughnagi lang = just pass bynnahitabo = happened, when “pass” means occur
Related words and expressions: passed bynwill passnpathnthrow/passnhappenednroad
Meaning and usage notes: “Agi” is often used for passing by a place or going through. If “pass” means “happen”, Cebuano can use “mahitabo” or “nahitabo” depending on tense.

basic wordshappenmovementpass byto passverb

Example 1

Moagi ko sa tindahan.

I will pass by the store.

Example 2

Unsa ang nahitabo?

What happened?

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kaila

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary People & Relationships

English

to know / to be acquainted withverb / noun

Alternative meanings: to know someonento be familiar with someone or somethingnan acquaintance, depending on context
Pronunciation: KAI-lah
Root and affixes: Base form: kaila.
Variants or conjugations: nakaila = knew / got to knownkaila ko = I knownkaila nimo = you know / your acquaintance, depending on contextnpagkaila = knowing or acquaintance relationship
Related words and expressions: kahibalo = to know information / know hownaila = identify / recognize, depending on contextnhimamat = meet for the first timentawo = personnhigala = friend
Meaning and usage notes: “Kaila” is used for knowing a person or being familiar with something. For knowing information or knowing how to do something, Cebuano usually uses “kahibalo”.

acquaintedbasic wordsfamiliaritypersonto knowverb

Example 1

Kaila ko niya.

I know him/her.

Example 2

Gusto ko makaila nimo.

I want to get to know you.

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