Basic Vocabulary – Page 86

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Karon

Basic Vocabulary Time & Calendar

English

todayadverb

Alternative meanings: today
now
at this moment
on this day
Pronunciation: kah-RON
Root and affixes: Base form: karon. It can mean today or now, depending on context.
Variants or conjugations: karon nga adlaw = today / on this day
niining adlawa = today, more formal or emphatic
karong adlawa = today, on this day
Related words and expressions: day
time
tomorrow
yesterday
this week
Meaning and usage notes: “Karon” is commonly used for today, but it can also mean now. Context shows whether it refers to the current day or the current moment.

basic wordscalendarcurrent daynowtimetoday

Example 1

Karon ang akong adlaw.

Today is my day.

Example 2

Magkita ta karon.

We will see each other today.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kuwenta

English

account / countnoun / verb

Alternative meanings: account
calculation
count
computation
value or importance
Pronunciation: koo-WEN-tah
Root and affixes: Adapted loanword from Spanish “cuenta”. It can be used for counting, calculating, or referring to an account/computation.
Variants or conjugations: kwinta = spelling variant
magkuwenta = to calculate or count
kuwentahon / kwintahon = to count or calculate
kwintakwinta = rough estimate
kwintada = accounting or settling accounts
Related words and expressions: ihap = count or counting
bayranan = payment or amount to pay
account = user account or digital account
bili = value
lista = list
Meaning and usage notes: For “account” as a digital account or user profile, modern usage often uses “account”. For a mathematical count, tally, or calculation, “kuwenta/kwinta” fits better.

accountcalculationcomputationcountmoneyuservalue

Example 1

Nagkuwenta siya sa bayranan.

He/She is calculating the amount to pay.

Example 2

Walay kuwenta kana nga butang.

That thing has no value.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Gahapon

Basic Vocabulary Time & Calendar

English

yesterdayadverb / time noun

Alternative meanings: yesterdaynthe day before todaynin the recent past, depending on context
Pronunciation: gah-HAH-pon
Root and affixes: Base form: gahapon.
Variants or conjugations: kagahapon = yesterday / the day of yesterday, related formnniaging adlaw = the past day / previous dayngahapon sa buntag = yesterday morningngahapon sa gabii = last night
Related words and expressions: karon = today / nownugma = tomorrownadlaw = daynsemana = weeknmiaging = past / previous
Meaning and usage notes: “Gahapon” is used for the day before today. For “last night”, Cebuano may use “gahapon sa gabii” or equivalent expressions depending on context.

basic wordscalendardaypasttimeyesterday

Example 1

Gahapon ko miabot.

I arrived yesterday.

Example 2

Nagkita mi gahapon.

We saw each other yesterday.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pamilya

Basic Vocabulary Family People & Relationships

English

familynoun

Alternative meanings: family
household
family group
close relatives
Pronunciation: pah-MEEL-yah
Root and affixes: Adapted loanword from Spanish “familia”. In Cebuano, it is commonly used to refer to family.
Variants or conjugations: mga pamilya = families
pamilyado = person with a family or married person
banay = family, lineage, or clan
Related words and expressions: banay = family or lineage
kabanay = relative or family member
paryente = relative
igsoon = sibling
ginikanan = parents
Meaning and usage notes: “Pamilya” is the common everyday word for family. “Banay” can also mean family, but often points more toward lineage, clan, or extended family group.

familyhouseholdlineagepeoplerelatives

Example 1

Importante kaayo ang pamilya.

Family is very important.

Example 2

Kauban nako ang akong pamilya.

I am with my family.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Antas

Basic Vocabulary Education & Learning Ideas & Abstract Concepts Numbers & Quantities

English

levelnoun

Alternative meanings: levelndegreenscalenrank or stage within a measure or system
Pronunciation: AHN-tahs
Root and affixes: Base form: antas.
Variants or conjugations: mga antas = levelsnlebel = level, common borrowing from English levelnhataas nga antas = high levelnubos nga antas = low level
Related words and expressions: grado = grade/degree, borrowed form depending on contextnsukod = measurenranggo = rankneskala = scalensistema = system
Meaning and usage notes: “Antas” works well for level, degree, or scale. In modern conversation, “lebel” is also very common, especially in technology, games, school, or practical levels.

basic wordsdegreelevelmeasurerankscale

Example 1

Taas ang iyang antas sa kahibalo.

His/Her level of knowledge is high.

Example 2

Unsang antas kini?

What level is this?

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Grupo

Basic Vocabulary Society & Community

English

groupnoun

Alternative meanings: groupnsetnteamncollectivengathering of people or things
Pronunciation: GROO-poh
Root and affixes: Base form: grupo. It is a commonly used loanword.
Variants or conjugations: mga grupo = groupsngrupo sa mga tawo = group of peoplenpundok = group/set, a more local wordntinipon = collection/gathering, depending on context
Related words and expressions: group/setngatheringnperson/peoplencommunitynteamncompanion/with
Meaning and usage notes: “Grupo” is common, especially in modern contexts. “Pundok” can also mean group or set, with a more local feel.

basic wordscommunitygrouppeoplesetteam

Example 1

Naa koy grupo.

I have a group.

Example 2

Grupo kini sa mga estudyante.

This is a group of students.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Balaod

Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law

English

lawnoun

Alternative meanings: law
rule
ordinance
regulation
order established by an authority
Pronunciation: bah-LAH-ohd
Root and affixes: Base form: balaod. As a noun it names a law, rule, or ordinance.
Variants or conjugations: balaoron = bill or legal
magbabalaod = lawmaker or legislator
balaoranan / balaodnan = legislature
batakang balaod = constitution
pabalaod = propose or make into law
Related words and expressions: kasugoan = commandment or law
regulasyon = regulation
kagamhanan = government
hukom = judge or judgment
hustisya = justice
Meaning and usage notes: Used for official laws, rules, ordinances, and orders. For “law” in a religious commandment sense, “kasugoan” can also appear.

governmentlawordinanceregulationrule

Example 1

Kinahanglan sundon ang balaod.

The law must be followed.

Example 2

Bag-o nga balaod ang ilang gihisgutan.

They are talking about a new law.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Unsaon

Basic Vocabulary Connectors & Function Words

English

howinterrogative adverb / connector

Alternative meanings: how to do somethingnin what waynhow an action is donenwhat to do with something, depending on context
Pronunciation: oon-SAH-on
Root and affixes: Related to unsa, what, and verbal forms used to ask about manner or action.
Variants or conjugations: giunsa = how it was done / how did you do itnunsaon nako = how do I / what do I do withnkumusta = how are you / how is it going, for greetings or conditionnsa unsang paagi = in what way
Related words and expressions: unsa = whatnasa = wherenkanus-a = whennngano = whynpamaagi = way / method
Meaning and usage notes: “Unsaon” is used to ask how to do something or what to do with something. For “How are you?”, Cebuano uses “kumusta?”. For “How did you do it?”, “giunsa nimo?” may be used.

basic wordshowinterrogativemethodquestionway

Example 1

Unsaon ni nako?

How do I do this? / What should I do with this?

Example 2

Giunsa nimo pagbuhat?

How did you do it?

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Serbisyo

Basic Vocabulary Economy & Business Society & Community Work & Professions

English

servicenoun

Alternative meanings: servicenassistancenprovided helpnwork or offering for othersnpublic or commercial service, depending on context
Pronunciation: ser-BIS-yoh
Root and affixes: Base form: serbisyo. It is a borrowed word commonly used in modern Cebuano.
Variants or conjugations: mga serbisyo = servicesnserbisyong = service before a nounnpagserbisyo = act of serving / providing servicenmoserbisyo = to serve / provide service
Related words and expressions: tabang = helpntrabaho = work / jobnnegosyo = businessnpubliko = publicnkustomer = customer
Meaning and usage notes: “Serbisyo” is used for commercial, public, community, or personal services. For “help” more generally, Cebuano can also use “tabang”.

assistancebasic wordscommunityhelpservicework

Example 1

Maayo ang serbisyo.

The service is good.

Example 2

Naghatag sila og serbisyo sa komunidad.

They provide service to the community.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Dala

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

to carry / to bringverb / noun

Alternative meanings: to carrynto bringnto takento transportnsomething carried, depending on context
Pronunciation: DAH-lah
Root and affixes: Root: dala.
Variants or conjugations: magdala = to carry / bringnnagdala = carried / brought / is carryingndad-on = to take/carry somethingndad-a = take it / bring itndala nako = I carry it / I bring it
Related words and expressions: carry/bringncarried/broughtntake somethingntake itnloadncarry by hand
Meaning and usage notes: “Dala” can mean to carry, bring, or take depending on direction and context. For physically carrying something, “bitbit” or “karga” may also be used in some cases.

basic wordsto bringto carryto taketransportverb

Example 1

Dala nako ang bag.

I carry the bag.

Example 2

Dad-a kini didto.

Take this there.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pamaagi

Basic Vocabulary Connectors & Function Words Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

way / methodnoun

Alternative meanings: waynmethodnway of doing somethingnprocedure or manner
Pronunciation: pah-mah-AH-gee
Root and affixes: Related to paagi, path, form, or way depending on context.
Variants or conjugations: paagi = way / form / pathnmga pamaagi = ways or methodsnpinaagi sa = by means of / throughnsa laing pamaagi = in another way
Related words and expressions: paagi = form / waynproseso = processnsistema = systemnlakang = stepnbuhat = to do
Meaning and usage notes: “Pamaagi” is used to explain the way or method of doing something. “Paagi” can be shorter and may also mean path, route, or means depending on context.

basic wordsformmannermethodprocedureway

Example 1

Unsaon kini nga pamaagi?

What is this method like?

Example 2

Adunay lain nga pamaagi.

There is another way.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Katawhan

Basic Vocabulary People & Relationships

English

peoplecollective noun

Alternative meanings: peoplenthe peoplenhumanityna group of personsnthe masses or public, depending on context
Pronunciation: kah-TAW-hahn
Root and affixes: Root: tawo. The form katawhan uses ka- -han and expresses people, the public, or humanity as a collective.
Variants or conjugations: mga tawo = people / persons, everyday formntawo = personnkatawhan = people, humanity, or collective publicnpubliko = public, a loanword used in some contexts
Related words and expressions: tawo = personnmga tawo = peoplenlalaki = mannbabaye = womannkomunidad = community
Meaning and usage notes: For people in general or a collective, “katawhan” works well. In everyday conversation, “mga tawo” is very common for people/persons.

basic wordshumanitypeoplepersonspublic

Example 1

Daghan ang katawhan sa merkado.

There are many people at the market.

Example 2

Importante ang tingog sa katawhan.

The voice of the people is important.

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