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Vocabulary category: Basic Vocabulary

Essential words and units for beginning to learn Bisaya.

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Anhi

English

comeverb / directional adverb

Alternative meanings

come
come here
move toward here
move toward the speaker

Pronunciation

AHN-hee

Root and affixes

Base form: anhi. It marks movement toward the speaker location and often combines with verbal markers like mo-, ni-, or mi-.

Variants or conjugations

moanhi = will come / come here
nianhi = came here
mianhi = came here
anhi diri = come here
nganhi = toward here / around here

Related words and expressions

ari = come here
anha = go/come toward the listener
adto = go there
diri = here
duol = near

Meaning and usage notes

Direction matters in Cebuano: “anhi” is movement toward the speaker; “anha” points toward the listener; “adto” means going over there, away from both.

comecome heredirectionmovementneartravel
Example 1

Moanhi ka ugma?

Will you come tomorrow?

Example 2

Anhi diri, palihug.

Come here, please.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kahimtang

English

state / conditionnoun

Alternative meanings

state
condition
situation
the way someone or something is

Pronunciation

kah-heem-TAHNG

Root and affixes

Base form: kahimtang. It is used for the state, condition, or situation of a person, thing, or problem.

Variants or conjugations

kahimtang = state / condition / situation
estado = political state or governmental entity, loanword used in formal contexts
kondisyon = condition, common loanword
sitwasyon = situation, common loanword
Estado = the State, as government or institution

Related words and expressions

condition
situation
government
country/nation
time/weather
good/well

Meaning and usage notes

“Kahimtang” is best for state as condition or situation. For the State as a political entity or government, “Estado” can be used, or “gobyerno” depending on context.

basic wordsconceptconditiondescriptionsituationstate
Example 1

Unsa ang imong kahimtang karon?

What is your condition now?

Example 2

Maayo ang kahimtang sa trabaho.

The state of the work is good.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Higayon

English

momentnoun

Alternative meanings

moment
occasion
opportunity
time/instance, depending on context

Pronunciation

hee-GAH-yohn

Root and affixes

Base form: higayon. It is used for a moment, an occasion, or an opportunity.

Variants or conjugations

higayon = moment / occasion / opportunity
niining higayona = at this moment
usa ka higayon = once / one occasion
panahon = time / period / weather, depending on context
oras = hour / specific time

Related words and expressions

time/period
hour/time
now
day
one
when

Meaning and usage notes

“Higayon” works for moment when referring to an occasion or a specific point. For time in general, “panahon” is more common, and for a specific hour, “oras” is used.

basic wordsinstancemomentoccasionopportunitypresenttime
Example 1

Nindot kini nga higayon.

This is a beautiful moment.

Example 2

Niining higayona, kinahanglan ta maghulat.

At this moment, we need to wait.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Sugod

English

begin / startverb / noun

Alternative meanings

begin
start
initiate
beginning
start point

Pronunciation

SOO-gohd

Root and affixes

Base form: sugod. As a verb it means to begin or start; it can also refer to the beginning or start.

Variants or conjugations

magsugod = to begin / to start
nagsugod = began or is starting
sugdi = start it
gisugdan = was started
sinugdanan = beginning or origin

Related words and expressions

una = first
sinugdanan = beginning
padayon = continue
human = finish
bag-o = new

Meaning and usage notes

Use “sugod” or “magsugod” to begin an action, event, project, or conversation.

actionbeginbeginningfirstinitiatestart
Example 1

Magsugod ta karon.

Let's start now.

Example 2

Nagsugod na ang klase.

The class has already started.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Karon

English

nowadverb

Alternative meanings

now
at this moment
right now
today, depending on context

Pronunciation

kah-RON

Root and affixes

Base form: karon. It is used for the present moment and can also mean today depending on context.

Variants or conjugations

karon = now / today
karon dayon = right now / immediately
karong panahona = at this time / currently
niining higayona = at this moment, more formal

Related words and expressions

moment/occasion
time
day
right now
later
tomorrow

Meaning and usage notes

“Karon” is important because it can mean now or today. To clearly say right now, “karon dayon” can be used.

at this momentbasic wordsnowpresentright nowtime
Example 1

Karon na.

Now already.

Example 2

Kinahanglan ko motrabaho karon.

I need to work now.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Maayo

English

good / welladjective / adverb

Alternative meanings

good
well
suitable
of good quality
kind or good-hearted, depending on context

Pronunciation

mah-AH-yoh

Root and affixes

Base form: maayo. It can work as an adjective for good and as an adverb for well.

Variants or conjugations

maayo = good / well
maayong = good before another word
maayo kaayo = very good / very well
dili maayo = not good / bad
buotan = good in the sense of kind or good-hearted

Related words and expressions

nice/beautiful
kind/good-hearted
very
not
small/little
correct/right

Meaning and usage notes

“Maayo” is a very basic and useful word. It can mean good, well, or correct depending on the sentence. For a good person in character, “buotan” is also used.

basic wordscorrectdescriptiongoodkindqualitywell
Example 1

Maayo kaayo.

Very good.

Example 2

Maayo ang imong trabaho.

Your work is good.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Anak

English

son / childnoun

Alternative meanings

son
daughter
child
offspring
descendant

Pronunciation

AH-nahk

Root and affixes

Base form: anak. In Cebuano it does not mark gender by itself; it can mean son or daughter depending on context.

Variants or conjugations

anak nga lalaki = son
anak-lalaki = son
anak nga babaye = daughter
mga anak = children
anak-anak = foster child depending on context

Related words and expressions

pamilya = family
ginikanan = parents
amahan = father
inahan = mother
igsoon = sibling

Meaning and usage notes

“Anak” is the common base word. If you need to be clear that it means a male child/son, use “anak nga lalaki”.

childdaughterfamilyoffspringrelativesson
Example 1

Si Ken akong anak nga lalaki.

Ken is my son.

Example 2

Pila na imong anak?

How many children do you have?

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Lang

English

only / justadverb / particle

Alternative meanings

only
just
merely
nothing more

Pronunciation

LAHNG

Root and affixes

Base form: lang. It is a very common particle that limits the meaning of a phrase: only, just, or nothing more.

Variants or conjugations

lang = only / just
ra = only / just, very common in everyday speech
lamang = only, more formal or literary
usara = only one / just one, depending on context
mag-inusara = to be alone, without company

Related words and expressions

only/just
only, formal
one
alone
now
small/little

Meaning and usage notes

“Lang” means only or just. If you mean “alone” as without company, “mag-inusara” or “nag-inusara” is usually better depending on the sentence.

basicfunction wordjustmerelynothing moreonlyparticle
Example 1

Usa lang.

Only one.

Example 2

Gusto lang nako motan-aw.

I just want to look.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Ikonsiderar

English

to considerverb

Alternative meanings

to considernto take into accountnto evaluatento think carefully about something before deciding

Pronunciation

ee-kon-see-DEH-rahr

Root and affixes

Borrowed form related to consider; the i- prefix can mark the object or action being considered.

Variants or conjugations

konsiderar = to considerngikonsiderar = considered / was considerednhunahunaon = think about it / consider itntagdon = take into account / pay attention to

Related words and expressions

hunahuna = thought / thinkndesisyon = decisionntagad = attention / treatmentnpamaagi = way / methodntimbang-timbang = weigh / evaluate

Meaning and usage notes

“Ikonsiderar” is common in formal, school, or work contexts. In more natural speech, depending on the sentence, “hunahunaon” can mean to think about/consider it, and “tagdon” can mean to take into account.

basic wordsdecisionevaluatetake into accountthinkto considerverb
Example 1

Ikonsiderar nato ang imong ideya.

Let us consider your idea.

Example 2

Kinahanglan nato kini hunahunaon.

We need to think this through.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Partido

English

party / matchnoun

Alternative meanings

political party
sports match or game
organized political group
competition or event

Pronunciation

par-TEE-doh

Root and affixes

Base form: partido. It is a loanword used in Cebuano, especially for a political party. For a sports match, dula or duwa is often used depending on region and context.

Variants or conjugations

partido politikal = political party
partido = political party, especially in government context
dula = game or sports match
duwa = game or match, common variant
kompetisyon = competition

Related words and expressions

government
politics
law
game/match
group

Meaning and usage notes

“Partido” works well for a political party. If talking about sports, “dula” or “duwa” can sound more natural than “partido”.

gamegovernmentgroupmatchpartypolitical partypolitics
Example 1

Naa siya sa usa ka partido politikal.

He is in a political party.

Example 2

Nindot ang dula karon.

The game today is good.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Basahon

English

booknoun

Alternative meanings

book
reading material
text to read
reading

Pronunciation

bah-sah-HON

Root and affixes

From the root “basa”, meaning to read. “Basahon” is used for reading material and can refer to a book.

Variants or conjugations

libro = book, understood loanword
basahonan = library or place/collection of books
basa = read
basaha = read it

Related words and expressions

basa = read
kwaderno = notebook
papel = paper
sulat = write or letter
eskwela = school

Meaning and usage notes

For “book” as an everyday object, “libro” may also be heard, but “basahon” connects more directly to reading material.

bookeducationreadreadingschooltext
Example 1

Nagbasa ko og basahon.

I am reading a book.

Example 2

Nindot kaayo kini nga basahon.

This book is very good.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Team

English

teamnoun

Alternative meanings

team
group of people working together
organized group
sports or work team

Pronunciation

TEEM

Root and affixes

Base form: team. It is a common loanword in modern Cebuano use.

Variants or conjugations

team = team, especially in work, school, or sports
pundok = group or set, more local
grupo = group/team, common loanword
kagamitan = equipment in the sense of tools or devices

Related words and expressions

group
set/team
companion/with
work
school
equipment

Meaning and usage notes

“Team” is commonly used for a team of people. If “equipo” means tools, devices, or physical equipment, the better word is “kagamitan”.

basic wordsgrouppeoplesportsteamwork
Example 1

Maayo ang among team.

Our team is good.

Example 2

Kauban ko sa team.

I am with the team.

Found an error?