Vocabulario – Page 114

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Makaplag

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

to findverb

Alternative meanings: to findnto discovernto come acrossnto locate something or someone
Pronunciation: mah-KAP-lahg
Root and affixes: Root: kaplag.
Variants or conjugations: nakaplag = found / discoverednmakaplag = to be able to find / to eventually findnkaplagon = will be foundnmakakita = to find/see, depending on a more conversational context
Related words and expressions: foundnwill be foundnto see/findnsearchnseenbe seen/found
Meaning and usage notes: “Makaplag” is more specific for finding or discovering. In conversation, “makakita” can also be used when finding is close to seeing or coming across something.

basic wordsdiscoverlocatesearchto findverb

Example 1

Nakaplag ko og kwarta.

I found money.

Example 2

Makaplag ra ka og paagi.

You will find a way.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Daog

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

to winverb / noun

Alternative meanings: to winnto defeatnto triumphnvictory or prize won, depending on context
Pronunciation: DAH-og
Root and affixes: Root: daog. It expresses winning, defeating, or prevailing in a competition, fight, game, or situation.
Variants or conjugations: modaog = will win / is going to winnnidaog = wonnnagdaog = is winning or wonndaugon = to win somethingnkadaogan = victory or triumphnmananaog = winner or victor
Related words and expressions: kadaogan = victorynmananaog = winnernpildi = losenkita = earn money or incomenkalampusan = success
Meaning and usage notes: Used for winning a competition, game, fight, election, or challenge. For “earn money”, the word can be “kita”; that is a different sense from daog.

defeattriumphverbvictorywin

Example 1

Modaog ta karon.

We will win today.

Example 2

Nidaog siya sa dula.

He/She won the game.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kanunay

Basic Vocabulary Connectors & Function Words Time & Calendar

English

alwaysadverb

Alternative meanings: alwaysnconstantlynregularlynall the time or continuously
Pronunciation: kah-NOO-nai
Root and affixes: Base form: kanunay.
Variants or conjugations: permi = always / often, very common in conversationnkanunayng = form before a word or phrasensa kanunay = always / continuously
Related words and expressions: permi = always / oftennkada adlaw = every daynusab = also / againnwalay hunong = without stoppingnpirme = always, conversational variant
Meaning and usage notes: “Kanunay” is a clear form for “always” or “constantly”. In everyday conversation, “permi” or “pirme” is also very common, especially for habitual actions.

adverbalwaysbasic wordsconstantlyfrequencytime

Example 1

Kanunay ko maghunahuna nimo.

I always think of you.

Example 2

Permi siya nga moabot og sayo.

He/She always arrives early.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Hapit

Basic Vocabulary Connectors & Function Words

English

almost / nearlyadverb / verb

Alternative meanings: almostnnearlynabout tonclose to happening or being completed
Pronunciation: HAH-pit
Root and affixes: Base form: hapit. As an adverb it expresses almost or about to happen; as a verb it can mean to stop by or make a short stop.
Variants or conjugations: hapit na = almost already / about tonhapit na gyud = very nearly / almost for surenhapit pa = not quite yet, but closenmohapit = will stop by / will make a stop
Related words and expressions: duol = nearndul-an = almost or nearnmedyo = somewhatnpaabot = waitnna = already
Meaning and usage notes: Used to say that something is very close to happening or being completed. It can also be used as a verb meaning to stop by or make a short stop somewhere.

about toadverbalmostfunction wordsnearly

Example 1

Hapit na ko mahuman.

I am almost finished.

Example 2

Hapit na ta didto.

We are almost there.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Bata

Basic Vocabulary Family People & Relationships

English

childnoun

Alternative meanings: childnboy or girlnminornyoung personnson or daughter, depending on context
Pronunciation: BAH-tah
Root and affixes: Base form: bata.
Variants or conjugations: mga bata = childrennbatang lalaki = boynbatang babaye = girlnkabataan = youth / childhood
Related words and expressions: lalaki = man / malenbabaye = woman / femalenanak = child / son / daughternpamilya = familyneskwela = school
Meaning and usage notes: “Bata” is neutral: it can mean boy or girl. To specify gender, Cebuano can use “batang lalaki” for boy and “batang babaye” for girl.

basic wordsboychildfamilygirlminor

Example 1

Bata pa siya.

He/She is still a child.

Example 2

Daghang bata sa eskwelahan.

There are many children at school.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Gusto

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

to want / to likeverb / noun

Alternative meanings: to wantnto likento preferndesire or preference, depending on context
Pronunciation: GOOS-toh
Root and affixes: Base form: gusto. It is a common loanword adapted in Cebuano speech.
Variants or conjugations: ganahan = to like / to want, very common in conversationngusto ko = I want / I likengusto nako = I want / I likendili ko gusto = I do not want / I do not likenhigugma = to love, when “want/like” means deep love
Related words and expressions: ganahannlovenagree/approvenhappinessndesirenI want
Meaning and usage notes: “Gusto” can mean to want or to like. For romantic or deep love, “higugma” is more appropriate. For “I like”, “ganahan ko” is also very common.

basic wordsdesirepreferto liketo wantverb

Example 1

Gusto ko niini.

I want this.

Example 2

Ganahan ko nimo.

I like you.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Dapit

Basic Vocabulary Places & Geography

English

zone / areanoun / locative adverb

Alternative meanings: zonenplacensitenareanspot, part, or vicinity of a place
Pronunciation: DAH-pit
Root and affixes: Base form: dapit. As a noun it expresses place, zone, site, or area; it can also indicate nearness or location.
Variants or conjugations: sona = zone, a loanword used in some contextsnlugar = place or areanmaong dapit = that area or that placensa dapit = in the area / near
Related words and expressions: lugar = placensona = zonenbahin = partnkilid = sidenduol = near
Meaning and usage notes: Used for a zone, place, site, or part of an area. For technical or administrative zones, “sona” is also understood.

areageographyplacesitezone

Example 1

Hilom ang dapit diri.

This area is quiet.

Example 2

Ayaw adto sa delikado nga dapit.

Do not go to that dangerous area.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Presidente

Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law

English

presidentnoun

Alternative meanings: presidentnhead of statenleader of an organizationnperson who presides over a group
Pronunciation: pre-see-DEN-teh
Root and affixes: Base form: presidente. It is borrowed from Spanish and used in political and organizational contexts.
Variants or conjugations: presidente sa nasod = president of the countrynpresidente sa kompanya = company presidentnpangulo = leader/chief, also used for president in some contexts
Related words and expressions: governmentnleadernpoliticsncountrynmayorncouncil
Meaning and usage notes: “Presidente” is a commonly used loanword. “Pangulo” can also mean leader, chief, or president depending on context.

basic wordsgovernmentleaderpoliticspresidentpublic office

Example 1

Siya ang presidente sa nasod.

He/She is the president of the country.

Example 2

Nagsulti ang presidente.

The president spoke.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Sentro

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts Places & Geography

English

centernoun

Alternative meanings: centernmiddle pointnmain placencentral areancenter as an institution or service place, depending on context
Pronunciation: SEN-troh
Root and affixes: Base form: sentro. It is a borrowed word commonly used in modern Cebuano.
Variants or conjugations: mga sentro = centersnsentrong = center before a nounnsa sentro = in the center
Related words and expressions: tunga = middle / halfndapit = place / areanlugar = placendakbayan = citynopisina = office
Meaning and usage notes: “Sentro” is used for the physical center of a place, the central point of an idea, or a center as an institution. For “middle/half”, “tunga” may be more natural.

basic wordscentercentral areageographymiddleplace

Example 1

Anaa ko sa sentro sa dakbayan.

I am in the city center.

Example 2

Ang eskwelahan naa sa sentro.

The school is in the center.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Milyon

Basic Vocabulary Numbers & Quantities

English

millionnoun / number

Alternative meanings: millionnthe quantity 1,000,000na large number, depending on context
Pronunciation: MIL-yohn
Root and affixes: Base form: milyon. It is an adapted loanword from Spanish millón.
Variants or conjugations: usa ka milyon = one millionnduha ka milyon = two millionnmga milyon = millionsnmilyon-milyon = millions and millions / a great many
Related words and expressions: numbernquantitynthousandnhundrednbillionnmoney
Meaning and usage notes: “Milyon” is a borrowed/adapted form commonly used for large quantities, money, population, or statistics.

basic wordsmillionmoneynumberquantity

Example 1

Usa ka milyon.

One million.

Example 2

Daghang milyon ang gasto.

The cost is many millions.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pagtuon

Basic Vocabulary Education & Learning

English

study / studyingnoun

Alternative meanings: studynthe act of studyingnlearningnthe process of learning or reviewing something
Pronunciation: pag-TOO-on
Root and affixes: Related to tuon, to study or learn.
Variants or conjugations: tuon = to study / learnnmagtuon = to studynnagtuon = is studying / studiedngituonan = studied / was studied
Related words and expressions: tuon = to studyneskwela = schoolnklase = classnleksyon = lessonnkaalam = knowledge
Meaning and usage notes: “Pagtuon” refers to study as an activity or learning process. If “estudio” means room/study, office, or recording studio, another word or the borrowed form “estudyo” may be needed depending on context.

basic wordsknowledgelearningschoolstudystudying

Example 1

Importante ang pagtuon.

Studying is important.

Example 2

Nagtuon ko karon.

I am studying now.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Sektor

Economy & Business

English

sectornoun

Alternative meanings: sectornpart of a society or economynarea of activityndivision, group, or specialized field
Pronunciation: SEK-tor
Root and affixes: Base form: sektor. It is a loanword used for social, economic, technical, or activity sectors.
Variants or conjugations: pribadong sektor = private sectornpublikong sektor = public sectornsektor sa negosyo = business sectornsektor sa agrikultura = agricultural sectornseksiyon = section or subdivision, depending on context
Related words and expressions: ekonomiya = economynnegosyo = businessnkomunidad = communitynbahin = partnseksiyon = section
Meaning and usage notes: Common in economy, society, government, technology, or public activity contexts: private sector, public sector, agricultural sector, technology sector, and so on.

businessdivisioneconomysectorsociety

Example 1

Importante ang sektor sa negosyo.

The business sector is important.

Example 2

Nag-uswag ang sektor sa teknolohiya.

The technology sector grew.

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