Basic Vocabulary – Page 79

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kadaghanan

English

majority / mostnoun / adverb

Alternative meanings: majority
most
the greater part
multitude
large number
Pronunciation: kah-dag-HAH-nahn
Root and affixes: From the root “daghan”, meaning many or much. “Kadaghanan” expresses the majority, the greater part, or a large group.
Variants or conjugations: daghan = many / much
mayoriya = majority, direct loanword
kinabag-an = majority or larger part
ang kadaghanan = the majority
kadaghanan sa = most of
Related words and expressions: daghan = many
gidaghanon = quantity
numero = number
grupo = group
tanan = all
Meaning and usage notes: “Kadaghanan” is natural for saying “the majority/most.” “Mayoriya” also exists, especially in more formal, political, or voting contexts.

groupmajoritymanymostquantitysociety

Example 1

Ang kadaghanan sa mga tawo miuyon.

Most people agreed.

Example 2

Kadaghanan sa trabaho nahuman na.

Most of the work is already finished.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kompanya

Basic Vocabulary Economy & Business Work & Professions

English

company; business; enterprisenoun

Alternative meanings: Company; business; commercial organization or enterprise.
Pronunciation: kom-PAHN-yah
Root and affixes: Established loanword from Spanish “compañía” / English “company,” used in Cebuano/Bisaya.
Variants or conjugations: kompaniya; kompanya sa trabaho; dakong kompanya
Related words and expressions: negosyo; trabaho; opisina; serbisyo; employee
Meaning and usage notes: Kompanya means company as a business. For “company” in the sense of companionship or being with someone, kauban or pakig-uban fits better depending on the sentence.

basic wordsbusinesscompanyenterpriseofficeorganizationwork

Example 1

Nagtrabaho siya sa dakong kompanya.

He/She works at a big company.

Example 2

Bag-o nga kompanya kini.

This is a new company.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kaluwasan

Basic Vocabulary Body & Health Society & Community

English

safety / securitynoun

Alternative meanings: safety
security
protection
state of being safe from danger
Pronunciation: kah-loo-WAH-sahn
Root and affixes: Base form: kaluwasan. It relates to being safe, protection, and security from danger.
Variants or conjugations: kaluwasan = safety / being safe
seguridad = security or guard, common loanword in modern contexts
proteksyon = protection
kasigurohan = certainty or security in the sense of confidence/assurance
bantay = watch/guard/security
Related words and expressions: protection
watch/guard
certainty/security
good/well
condition/state
government
Meaning and usage notes: “Kaluwasan” is better for safety or being safe. For security as guard or surveillance, “seguridad” or “bantay” may be used.

basic wordshealthprotectionsafesafetysecuritywellbeing

Example 1

Importante ang kaluwasan sa tanan.

The safety of everyone is important.

Example 2

Naa koy gibati nga kaluwasan dinhi.

I feel safe here.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Aktor

Art, Culture & Entertainment Basic Vocabulary Work & Professions

English

actor; actress; performernoun

Alternative meanings: Actor or actress; a person who plays a role in film, theater, television, or a performance.
Pronunciation: AK-tor
Root and affixes: Established loanword from Spanish/English “actor,” adapted as aktor.
Variants or conjugations: aktres; artista; tigpasundayag
Related words and expressions: sine; teatro; salida; artista; role
Meaning and usage notes: Aktor is used for a male actor or as a general term. Aktres is used for actress, though aktor can appear as a neutral term depending on context.

actoractressentertainmentfilmperformerprofessiontheater

Example 1

Sikat nga aktor siya.

He is a famous actor.

Example 2

Ang aktor naa sa sine.

The actor is in the movie.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kusog

Basic Vocabulary Body & Health Ideas & Abstract Concepts Qualities & Descriptions

English

strength / forcenoun / adjective

Alternative meanings: strength
force
energy
vigor
power
intensity
Pronunciation: KOO-sog
Root and affixes: Base form: kusog. It can name strength or energy, and it can also describe something strong, intense, or powerful depending on context.
Variants or conjugations: makusog = strong / powerful / vigorous
kusgan = strong, mighty, or sturdy
kinakusgan = strongest
puwersa = force, especially physical or literal force
pwersa = variant of puwersa
Related words and expressions: puwersa = force
baskog = strong or vigorous
kusgan = strong
lig-on = sturdy or firm
gahum = power
Meaning and usage notes: “Kusog” is very useful because it covers physical strength, energy, power, and intensity. For “force” in a physical/technical sense, “puwersa” also fits.

energyforcepowerstrengthstrongvigor

Example 1

Daghan siya og kusog.

He/She has a lot of strength.

Example 2

Kusog kaayo ang hangin.

The wind is very strong.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Mahitabo

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

to happen; to occur; to take placeverb

Alternative meanings: To happen; to occur; to take place; for an event or situation to happen.
Pronunciation: mah-hee-TAH-boh
Root and affixes: Related to the root hitabo. Common forms: nahitabo, mahitabo, panghitabo.
Variants or conjugations: nahitabo; mahitabo; panghitabo; hitabo
Related words and expressions: kadamgo; kahimtang; panahon; panghitabo; result
Meaning and usage notes: Mahitabo is used for something that can happen or occur. Nahitabo means something already happened.

basic wordseventsituationto happento occurto take placeverb

Example 1

Unsay mahitabo ugma?

What will happen tomorrow?

Example 2

Nahitabo kini gahapon.

This happened yesterday.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Sentido

Basic Vocabulary Body & Health Connectors & Function Words Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

sensenoun

Alternative meanings: sense
meaning
sensation
sensory faculty
common sense or judgment
awareness or perception
Pronunciation: sen-TEE-doh
Root and affixes: Adapted loanword from Spanish “sentido”. It can refer to sense as perception, meaning, or practical judgment depending on the sentence.
Variants or conjugations: sentido komun = common sense
kahulogan = meaning, sense, or significance
katukatu = good sense / common sense
pamati = feel or listen, depending on context
direksyon = direction or sense of movement
Related words and expressions: kahulogan = meaning
katukatu = common sense
sabot = understand
direksyon = direction
pamati = feel / listen
Meaning and usage notes: For “sense” as the meaning of a word or phrase, “kahulogan” is often more precise. For “common sense,” “sentido komun” or “katukatu” can appear.

directionjudgmentmeaningperceptionsensationsense

Example 1

Unsa ang kahulogan niini nga pulong?

What is the meaning/sense of this word?

Example 2

Kinahanglan gamiton nato ang sentido komun.

We need to use common sense.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Katilingban

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts Society & Community

English

societynoun

Alternative meanings: society
community
group of people who live or interact together
organized social group
Pronunciation: kah-tee-LEENG-bahn
Root and affixes: Base form: katilingban. It is used for society, community, or a social collective.
Variants or conjugations: katilingban = society / community
komunidad = community, common loanword
sosyal = social
katilingbanon = social or community-related
grupo = group
Related words and expressions: community
social
social/community-related
person/people
group
country/nation
Meaning and usage notes: “Katilingban” is a strong word for society in a social or community sense. For a local community, “komunidad” can also be used.

basic wordscollectivecommunitypeoplesocialsocial groupsociety

Example 1

Importante ang papel sa katilingban.

The role of society is important.

Example 2

Ang katilingban nagkinahanglan og tabang.

Society needs help.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Himoon

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

to convert / to turn intoverb

Alternative meanings: to convert
to turn into
to transform
to make something become another form
Pronunciation: hee-MOH-ohn
Root and affixes: Related to buhat/himo, to make or do. “Himoon” expresses making or turning something into something else depending on the sentence.
Variants or conjugations: himoon = to convert / to make become
gihimo = converted / made
himoa = convert / make
usbon = to change or modify
mahimong = to become / turn into
Related words and expressions: make/do
do/make
change/again
form
become
state/condition
Meaning and usage notes: “Himoon” works when convert means making something become something else. If the meaning is to change or modify, “usbon” may fit better.

actionchangeconvertformmaketransformverb

Example 1

Himoon nato kini nga mas maayo.

We will turn this into something better.

Example 2

Mahimong dako ang gamay nga ideya.

A small idea can become something big.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Ipasiugda

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Connectors & Function Words Qualities & Descriptions

English

highlight / emphasizeverb

Alternative meanings: highlight
emphasize
stress
point out
promote
bring attention to
Pronunciation: ee-pah-see-OOG-dah
Root and affixes: Related root: pasiugda. It is used to promote, advance, or give emphasis to an idea, point, or matter.
Variants or conjugations: pasiugda = promote or advance
pagpasiugda = emphasis, promotion, or advocacy
napasiugda = was highlighted or emphasized
molabaw = stand out / excel
labaw = surpass, be more, or stand out
Related words and expressions: labaw = stand out or surpass
bantog = famous or prominent
talagsaon = unique or special
lahi = different
importante = important
Meaning and usage notes: Use “ipasiugda” when destacar means to highlight or emphasize something. If you mean that a person or thing stands out among others, “molabaw” or “labaw” may fit better.

emphasizehighlightimportantpromotestand outstress

Example 1

Ipasiugda nato ang importante nga punto.

Let us highlight the important point.

Example 2

Milabaw siya sa klase.

He/She stood out in class.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Luna

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts Places & Geography

English

spacenoun

Alternative meanings: space
available room
area
place or gap for something
Pronunciation: LOO-nah
Root and affixes: Base form: luna. It is used for available space, room, or area for something.
Variants or conjugations: luna = space / available room
dapit = place or area
wanang = space / interval / gap, depending on context
kalawakan = outer space / universe
space = space, common loanword in modern contexts
Related words and expressions: place/area
space/gap
place
part
form
outer space
Meaning and usage notes: “Luna” works for space as available room. If talking about outer space, the better word is “kalawakan”.

areabasic wordsgapgeographyplaceroomspace

Example 1

Naa pay luna dinhi.

There is still space here.

Example 2

Kinahanglan ta og mas dako nga luna.

We need a bigger space.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Ngalan

Basic Vocabulary Connectors & Function Words People & Relationships

English

namenoun

Alternative meanings: name
person name
name of a thing
given name
designation
Pronunciation: NGAH-lahn
Root and affixes: Base form: ngalan. It is used for the name of people, things, places, or concepts.
Variants or conjugations: pangalan = name / given name
ngan = alternative or shortened form
nganlan = to name or give a name
ginganlan = was named / called
sa ngalan = in the name of
Related words and expressions: tawo = person
apelyido = surname
pangalan = name
nganlan = name/give a name
aila = known or recognize
Meaning and usage notes: “Ngalan” is the base form for name. In common questions you may also see “Unsa imong ngalan?” or “Unsa imong pangalan?” for “What is your name?”.

designationidentitynamenamingpersonsurname

Example 1

Unsa imong ngalan?

What is your name?

Example 2

Nindot kaayo ang iyang ngalan.

His/Her name is very beautiful.

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