Vocabulario – Page 111

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Dula

English

game / playnoun / verb

Alternative meanings: game
sport
stage play or drama
to play
match or rule-based activity
Pronunciation: DOO-lah
Root and affixes: Base form: dula. It can work as a noun for game/sport/play and as a verb meaning to play.
Variants or conjugations: duwa = dialectal variant or common pronunciation
magdula = to play
nagdula = played or is playing
dulaan = toy or instrument depending on context
dulaanan = playground or place to play
kadula = playmate
Related words and expressions: daog = win
pildi = lose
kadula = playmate
lingaw = fun
sport = sport
Meaning and usage notes: “Dula” works for games, sports, and also a stage play. In some areas it is pronounced or written as “duwa”.

activitydramafungameplaysport

Example 1

Ganahan ko ani nga dula.

I like this game.

Example 2

Nagdula sila og basketbol.

They played basketball.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Sosyal

Basic Vocabulary Qualities & Descriptions Society & Community

English

socialadjective

Alternative meanings: social
related to society
related to community life
related to people or groups
Pronunciation: SOH-syahl
Root and affixes: Base form: sosyal. It is an adapted loanword used for ideas related to society, social life, or community interaction.
Variants or conjugations: sosyal = social
sosyal nga kinabuhi = social life
sosyal nga grupo = social group
katilingbanon = social or community-related, more formal/local
katilingban = society or community
Related words and expressions: society/community
community
group
person/people
with/companion
relationship
Meaning and usage notes: “Sosyal” is common as a loanword. For a more formal or local tone, “katilingbanon” may appear, related to society or community.

communitydescriptiongrouppeoplerelationshipssocialsociety

Example 1

Importante ang sosyal nga relasyon.

Social relationships are important.

Example 2

Aktibo siya sa sosyal nga kalihokan.

He or she is active in social activities.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Panglawas

Basic Vocabulary Body & Health

English

healthnoun

Alternative meanings: Health; physical well-being; condition of the body.
Pronunciation: pahng-LAH-wahs
Root and affixes: Related to lawas, meaning body.
Variants or conjugations: lawas; kahimsog; maayong panglawas
Related words and expressions: lawas; sakit; tambal; doktor; kusog
Meaning and usage notes: Panglawas is often used for bodily or physical health. Kahimsog can also mean health or good physical condition.

basic wordsbodycarehealthphysicalwellness

Example 1

Importante ang panglawas.

Health is important.

Example 2

Ampingi ang imong panglawas.

Take care of your health.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Ipaila

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Education & Learning Society & Community

English

to introduce / to presentverb

Alternative meanings: to introduce
to present
to make known
to show something to others
Pronunciation: ee-pah-EE-lah
Root and affixes: Root: ila, related to knowing or recognizing. “Ipaila” is used to introduce or make a person, idea, or thing known.
Variants or conjugations: ipaila = to introduce / to present
magpaila = to introduce oneself / to make oneself known
paila = identification or sign, depending on context
presentar = to present formally, possible loanword in school or professional contexts
ipasundayag = to present or exhibit something, depending on context
Related words and expressions: know/recognize
know someone
name
person
group
school
Meaning and usage notes: “Ipaila” is good for introducing someone or making something known. For a school or slide presentation, “presentar” or phrases with “ipasundayag” may also appear.

introduceintroduce oneselfmake knownpeoplepresentschoolverb

Example 1

Ipaila nako siya nimo.

I will introduce him to you.

Example 2

Magpaila ko sa klase.

I will introduce myself in class.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Sulti

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Society & Community

English

to speak; to say; to tellverb

Alternative meanings: To speak; to say; to express something with words; to tell something to another person.
Pronunciation: SOOL-tee
Root and affixes: Root: sulti. Common forms: mosulti, misulti, nagsulti, pagsulti.
Variants or conjugations: mosulti; misulti; nagsulti; pagsulti
Related words and expressions: istorya; pangutana; tubag; tingog
Meaning and usage notes: Sulti can mean to speak or to say. For “to converse,” istorya is also common in many contexts.

basic wordscommunicationconversationto sayto speakto tellverb

Example 1

Mosulti ko nimo unya.

I will talk to you later.

Example 2

Unsay imong gisulti?

What did you say?

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Tuo

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

to believeverb

Alternative meanings: To believe; to accept something as true; to trust or have faith in someone or something.
Pronunciation: TOO-oh
Root and affixes: Root: tuo. Common forms: motuo, mituo, nagtuo, pagtuo.
Variants or conjugations: motuo; mituo; nagtuo; pagtuo
Related words and expressions: pagsalig; hunahuna; tinuod; paglaom
Meaning and usage notes: Tuo can be used for believing an idea, a person, news, or an explanation. Pagtuo can mean belief or faith.

basic wordsbelieffaithto believetrusttruthverb

Example 1

Motuo ko nimo.

I believe you.

Example 2

Wala siya motuo sa istorya.

He/She did not believe the story.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Biyaan

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

to leave / to abandonverb

Alternative meanings: to leave
to abandon
to leave behind
to separate from someone or something
Pronunciation: bee-YAH-ahn
Root and affixes: Root: biya. “Biyaan” is used for leaving, abandoning, or leaving someone or something behind.
Variants or conjugations: biyaan = to leave / to abandon
ibilin = to leave something in a place / to leave something entrusted
tugotan = to let or allow someone to do something
pasagdan = to leave alone / to not interfere
biya = leaving or separation, depending on context
Related words and expressions: leave something
permission/allow
leave alone
companion/with
go/walk
after/done
Meaning and usage notes: “Dejar” changes a lot by meaning. For leaving something in a place, “ibilin” is often better. For letting someone do something, use “tugotan”.

abandonactionallowbasic wordsleaveleave behindverb

Example 1

Ayaw ko biyaa.

Do not leave me.

Example 2

Ibilin nako ang libro dinhi.

I will leave the book here.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Anhi

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Travel & Transportation

English

comeverb / directional adverb

Alternative meanings: come
come here
move toward here
move toward the speaker
Pronunciation: AHN-hee
Root and affixes: Base form: anhi. It marks movement toward the speaker location and often combines with verbal markers like mo-, ni-, or mi-.
Variants or conjugations: moanhi = will come / come here
nianhi = came here
mianhi = came here
anhi diri = come here
nganhi = toward here / around here
Related words and expressions: ari = come here
anha = go/come toward the listener
adto = go there
diri = here
duol = near
Meaning and usage notes: Direction matters in Cebuano: “anhi” is movement toward the speaker; “anha” points toward the listener; “adto” means going over there, away from both.

comecome heredirectionmovementneartravel

Example 1

Moanhi ka ugma?

Will you come tomorrow?

Example 2

Anhi diri, palihug.

Come here, please.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kahimtang

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts Qualities & Descriptions

English

state / conditionnoun

Alternative meanings: state
condition
situation
the way someone or something is
Pronunciation: kah-heem-TAHNG
Root and affixes: Base form: kahimtang. It is used for the state, condition, or situation of a person, thing, or problem.
Variants or conjugations: kahimtang = state / condition / situation
estado = political state or governmental entity, loanword used in formal contexts
kondisyon = condition, common loanword
sitwasyon = situation, common loanword
Estado = the State, as government or institution
Related words and expressions: condition
situation
government
country/nation
time/weather
good/well
Meaning and usage notes: “Kahimtang” is best for state as condition or situation. For the State as a political entity or government, “Estado” can be used, or “gobyerno” depending on context.

basic wordsconceptconditiondescriptionsituationstate

Example 1

Unsa ang imong kahimtang karon?

What is your condition now?

Example 2

Maayo ang kahimtang sa trabaho.

The state of the work is good.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Higayon

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts Time & Calendar

English

momentnoun

Alternative meanings: moment
occasion
opportunity
time/instance, depending on context
Pronunciation: hee-GAH-yohn
Root and affixes: Base form: higayon. It is used for a moment, an occasion, or an opportunity.
Variants or conjugations: higayon = moment / occasion / opportunity
niining higayona = at this moment
usa ka higayon = once / one occasion
panahon = time / period / weather, depending on context
oras = hour / specific time
Related words and expressions: time/period
hour/time
now
day
one
when
Meaning and usage notes: “Higayon” works for moment when referring to an occasion or a specific point. For time in general, “panahon” is more common, and for a specific hour, “oras” is used.

basic wordsinstancemomentoccasionopportunitypresenttime

Example 1

Nindot kini nga higayon.

This is a beautiful moment.

Example 2

Niining higayona, kinahanglan ta maghulat.

At this moment, we need to wait.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Sugod

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

begin / startverb / noun

Alternative meanings: begin
start
initiate
beginning
start point
Pronunciation: SOO-gohd
Root and affixes: Base form: sugod. As a verb it means to begin or start; it can also refer to the beginning or start.
Variants or conjugations: magsugod = to begin / to start
nagsugod = began or is starting
sugdi = start it
gisugdan = was started
sinugdanan = beginning or origin
Related words and expressions: una = first
sinugdanan = beginning
padayon = continue
human = finish
bag-o = new
Meaning and usage notes: Use “sugod” or “magsugod” to begin an action, event, project, or conversation.

actionbeginbeginningfirstinitiatestart

Example 1

Magsugod ta karon.

Let's start now.

Example 2

Nagsugod na ang klase.

The class has already started.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Karon

Basic Vocabulary Time & Calendar

English

nowadverb

Alternative meanings: now
at this moment
right now
today, depending on context
Pronunciation: kah-RON
Root and affixes: Base form: karon. It is used for the present moment and can also mean today depending on context.
Variants or conjugations: karon = now / today
karon dayon = right now / immediately
karong panahona = at this time / currently
niining higayona = at this moment, more formal
Related words and expressions: moment/occasion
time
day
right now
later
tomorrow
Meaning and usage notes: “Karon” is important because it can mean now or today. To clearly say right now, “karon dayon” can be used.

at this momentbasic wordsnowpresentright nowtime

Example 1

Karon na.

Now already.

Example 2

Kinahanglan ko motrabaho karon.

I need to work now.

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