Vocabulario – Page 110

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Anaa

English

to exist; there is; to be presentverb / existence word

Alternative meanings: To exist; there is/there are; to be present in a place or situation.
Pronunciation: ah-NAH-ah
Root and affixes: Common form related to naa, used for existence or presence.
Variants or conjugations: naa; anaa; wala
Related words and expressions: naa; wala; didto; dinhi; presence
Meaning and usage notes: Anaa can sound more formal or complete; naa is very common in everyday speech. For non-existence, wala is used.

basic wordsbeingpresencestatethere isto be presentto exist

Example 1

Anaa ang tubag dinhi.

The answer exists/is here.

Example 2

Naa kay oras?

Do you have time? / Is there time?

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Magdula

Actions & States Art, Culture & Entertainment Basic Vocabulary

English

playverb

Alternative meanings: play
play a game
play a sport
have fun playing
Pronunciation: mag-DOO-lah
Root and affixes: Root: dula. With the prefix mag-, “magdula” expresses the action of playing.
Variants or conjugations: dula = game / play
nagdula = played or is playing
modula / mudula = will play or is going to play
dulaan = toy or instrument depending on context
kadula = playmate
Related words and expressions: dula = game
daog = win
pildi = lose
lingaw = fun
bata = child
Meaning and usage notes: Use “magdula” to say to play in general. If you mean the game as a thing or activity, use “dula”.

activitychildrenfungameplaysport

Example 1

Ganahan ko magdula.

I like to play.

Example 2

Magdula ta unya.

Let us play later.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Direktor

Art, Culture & Entertainment Basic Vocabulary Economy & Business Education & Learning Work & Professions

English

director; manager; principalnoun

Alternative meanings: Director; a person who leads, manages, or is in charge of a school, company, institution, project, or production.
Pronunciation: dee-REK-tor
Root and affixes: Established loanword from Spanish/English “director,” adapted as direktor.
Variants or conjugations: direktora; direktor sa eskwelahan; direktor sa kompanya
Related words and expressions: lider; pangulo; manedyer; amo; eskwelahan; kompanya
Meaning and usage notes: Direktor is used in modern contexts. For “school director/principal,” you can say direktor sa eskwelahan. For film or theater, direktor is also used.

basic wordscompanydirectormanagerprincipalprojectschool

Example 1

Ang direktor sa eskwelahan miabot sayo.

The school director arrived early.

Example 2

Siya ang direktor sa proyekto.

He/She is the director of the project.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Oras

Basic Vocabulary Time & Calendar

English

hour / timenoun

Alternative meanings: hour
specific time
time of day
time, depending on context
Pronunciation: OH-rahs
Root and affixes: Base form: oras. It is used for an hour, a schedule, or a specific time of day.
Variants or conjugations: oras = hour / specific time
unsa oras = what time
sa alas tres = at three o clock
pila na ang oras = what time is it
panahon = time in general, period, or weather
Related words and expressions: time/period
moment/occasion
day
now
when
week
Meaning and usage notes: “Oras” is used for hour or a concrete time. For time in general, weather, or a period, “panahon” is usually used.

basic wordscalendarclockhourmomentscheduletime

Example 1

Unsa na oras?

What time is it?

Example 2

Magkita ta sa alas dos.

We will meet at two o clock.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Hilisgutan

Basic Vocabulary Education & Learning Ideas & Abstract Concepts Society & Community

English

topic; subject; themenoun

Alternative meanings: Topic; subject; theme; something that is talked about, written about, or dealt with.
Pronunciation: hee-lis-GOO-tahn
Root and affixes: Related to hisgot, meaning to talk about or mention a matter.
Variants or conjugations: hisgot; gihisgutan; paghisgot
Related words and expressions: istorya; punto; ideya; sulod
Meaning and usage notes: Hilisgutan works well for a conversation topic, class topic, text topic, or matter being discussed. “Tema” may also appear as a loanword in modern contexts, but hilisgutan is more native-sounding.

basic wordsclassconversationideasubjectthemetopic

Example 1

Unsa ang atong hilisgutan karon?

What is our topic today?

Example 2

Lisod ang hilisgutan sa klase.

The class topic is difficult.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Numero

Basic Vocabulary Numbers & Quantities

English

numbernoun

Alternative meanings: number
numeral
digit
figure
numeric value
Pronunciation: NOO-meh-roh
Root and affixes: Adapted loanword from Spanish “número”. It is used for numbers, digits, phone numbers, positions, or numeric values.
Variants or conjugations: mga numero = numbers
numero sa telepono = phone number
ihap = count, tally, or to count
ipha / ihapa = count it
maihap = countable
Related words and expressions: ihap = count or counting
kuwenta = calculation or account
usa = one
duha = two
gidaghanon = quantity
Meaning and usage notes: For “number” as a symbol, digit, or phone number, “numero” fits well. For the act of counting or the result of a tally, use “ihap”.

countdigitfigurenumbernumeralquantity

Example 1

Unsa ang imong numero sa telepono?

What is your phone number?

Example 2

Isulat ang numero sa papel.

Write the number on the paper.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kaayo

Basic Vocabulary Connectors & Function Words Qualities & Descriptions

English

so; very; muchadverb / intensifier

Alternative meanings: So; very; much. Used to intensify adjectives, emotions, or states.
Pronunciation: kah-AH-yoh
Root and affixes: Common intensifier form in Cebuano/Bisaya.
Variants or conjugations: kaayo ka; kaayong
Related words and expressions: labihan; sobra; ka; gyud
Meaning and usage notes: Kaayo covers “so” when used as an intensifier, as in “so beautiful.” For “as... as...” comparisons, Cebuano often uses a structure like sama ka... sa..., depending on the phrase.

adverbbasic wordsintensifiermuchqualitysovery

Example 1

Nindot kaayo.

It is very beautiful / It is so beautiful.

Example 2

Nalipay kaayo ko.

I am very happy / I am so happy.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Ingon ani

Basic Vocabulary Connectors & Function Words Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

like this / this wayadverb / expression

Alternative meanings: like this
this way
in this manner
as this
Pronunciation: EEN-gohn ah-NEE
Root and affixes: Expression formed with “ingon” and “ani”. It is used to show manner, form, or way: like this, this way.
Variants or conjugations: ingon ani = like this / this way
ingon ana = like that / that way
ingon niini = in this manner, more formal
pareho ani = like this / same as this
mao ni = this is / this is it, depending on context
Related words and expressions: this
that
that is/it is
same/like
form
way/method
Meaning and usage notes: “Ingon ani” is used for “así” when showing or explaining how something is done. For “así” as confirmation, “mao na” or “sakto” may fit depending on the sentence.

as thisbasic wordsformfunction wordlike thismannerthis way

Example 1

Buhata ingon ani.

Do it like this.

Example 2

Ingon ani ang porma.

The form is like this.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Gama

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Economy & Business Work & Professions

English

produce / makeverb / noun

Alternative meanings: produce
manufacture
make
build
fabricate
handicraft or handmade work
Pronunciation: GAH-mah
Root and affixes: Base form: gama. It relates to making, manufacturing, building, or producing something, especially something created with work or materials.
Variants or conjugations: mugama = to produce / make / manufacture
magagama = making or manufacturing
gihimo / gihimoan = made, depending on context
himo = make, a very common form
produkto = product
Related words and expressions: himo = make
buhat = do/make or action
produkto = product
trabaho = work
pabrika = factory
Meaning and usage notes: “Gama” works for produce or manufacture. For everyday “make/do” in a broader sense, “himo” or “buhat” are also very common.

buildmakemanufactureproduceproductwork

Example 1

Mugama sila og bag-ong produkto.

They will produce a new product.

Example 2

Kinsa ang naggama ani?

Who produced or made this?

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Huptan

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

to keep; to maintain; to preserveverb

Alternative meanings: To keep something; to maintain it; to preserve it; to keep something in a certain state or under care.
Pronunciation: HOOP-tahn
Root and affixes: Related to hupt, the idea of keeping or holding something under care. Forms: hupti, gihuptan, maghupot.
Variants or conjugations: hupti; gihuptan; maghupot; paghupot
Related words and expressions: amping; tipig; pabilin; bantay
Meaning and usage notes: For “to maintain” as keeping or preserving something, huptan works well. For “to remain” in a state, pabilin may fit depending on context.

basic wordsto care forto guardto keepto maintainto preserveverb

Example 1

Huptan nato ang kalinaw.

Let us maintain peace.

Example 2

Gihuptan niya ang karaang litrato.

He/She kept the old photo.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kaso

Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

casenoun

Alternative meanings: case
matter
situation
legal case or specific issue
Pronunciation: KAH-soh
Root and affixes: Base form: kaso. It is a common loanword used for case, matter, or legal case.
Variants or conjugations: kaso = case / matter / legal case
sa kaso nga = in case that
kung mao ang kaso = if that is the case
sitwasyon = situation
butang = thing or matter, depending on context
Related words and expressions: situation
thing/matter
law
government
problem
condition/state
Meaning and usage notes: “Kaso” is well understood for case in general and for a legal case. If the meaning is situation, “sitwasyon” or “kahimtang” may sound more natural depending on the sentence.

basic wordscaselawlegalmatterproblemsituation

Example 1

Lisod kini nga kaso.

This is a difficult case.

Example 2

Kung mao ang kaso, maghulat ta.

If that is the case, we will wait.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Dapit

Basic Vocabulary Places & Geography

English

placenoun

Alternative meanings: place
site
area
part or location
Pronunciation: DAH-pit
Root and affixes: Base form: dapit. It is used for a place, site, zone, or part of an area.
Variants or conjugations: dapit = place / area / site
lugar = place, common and understandable loanword
asa dapit = in what place / around where
niining dapita = in this place / in this area
plasa = plaza or public place, depending on context
Related words and expressions: place
where
part
country/nation
house/home
road/street
Meaning and usage notes: “Dapit” is very useful for place or area. “Lugar” is also understood as a loanword, but “dapit” often sounds more natural in everyday sentences.

areabasic wordsgeographylocationplacesite

Example 1

Asa nga dapit?

In what place?

Example 2

Nindot kini nga dapit.

This place is beautiful.

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