Vocabulario – Page 28

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Bolyum

English

volumenoun

Pronunciation: BOL-yoom
Root and affixes: Adapted loanword from English volume. In everyday use it can refer to sound, size or amount, or a book volume.
Meaning and usage notes: Use bolyum for sound volume, amount, or size. To say turn up the volume, you can say ipataas ang bolyum. For volume as amount, kadaghanon or gidak-on may sound more natural depending on context.

amountbasic vocabularybook volumeloudnessmeasuresizesoundvolume

Example 1

Ipataas gamay ang bolyum.

Turn the volume up a little.

Example 2

Dako ang bolyum sa datos.

The volume of data is large.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kawanangan

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts Nature & Weather Technology & Information

English

space; spatial; outer-spacenoun / contextual adjective

Alternative meanings: space; outer space; spatial; related to outer space
Pronunciation: kah-wah-NAH-ngahn
Root and affixes: From wanang, space or expanse, with ka- -an. Kawanangan means outer space; sa kawanangan works as of space or spatial.
Variants or conjugations: wanang; espasyo; ispasyu; sa kawanangan; pangkawanangan
Related words and expressions: space; world; planet; star; aviation; airplane
Meaning and usage notes: For spatial meaning related to outer space, use sa kawanangan or pangkawanangan. For spatial meaning related to arrangement, places, or dimensions, it may be clearer to say may kalabotan sa luna, espasyo, or lugar.

astronomynatureouter spacesciencespacespatial

Example 1

Ang estasyon sa kawanangan nagtuyok libot sa Yuta.

The space station orbits the Earth.

Example 2

Nagtuon sila og mga butang nga may kalabotan sa kawanangan.

They study things related to space.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Panguna

Qualities & Descriptions

English

primary; main; principaladjective

Alternative meanings: Main, basic, or of first importance; something that comes first or serves as a basis.
Pronunciation: pa-NGU-na
Root and affixes: una + pang-
Variants or conjugations: una, nauna, primarya
Related words and expressions: main, basic, first, essential, initial
Meaning and usage notes: Panguna works for primary when it means main, basic, or most important. Una or nauna are closer to first. In modern educational contexts, primarya may appear as a borrowed form.

basicmainprimaryprincipal

Example 1

Mao kini ang panguna nga tumong sa proyekto.

This is the primary goal of the project.

Example 2

Panguna ang kahimsog sa atong kinabuhi.

Health is primary in our life.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Balak

Art, Culture & Entertainment Ideas & Abstract Concepts People & Relationships

English

poem; poetry; poetic compositionnoun

Alternative meanings: poem; poetry; verse; poetic composition; literary text
Pronunciation: BAH-lahk
Root and affixes: Balak is a common word in Bisaya/Cebuano literary contexts for poems and poetry.
Variants or conjugations: poems; poetic; poetry; written poem
Related words and expressions: song; literature; words; love; culture
Meaning and usage notes: Do not confuse it with tula in Cebuano, which can have other local meanings. For poem in Bisaya/Cebuano, balak is the clearest and most used form.

poem, poetry, verse

Example 1

Nagsulat siya og balak para sa iyang hinigugma.

He or she wrote a poem for the beloved person.

Example 2

Ganahan ko mobasa og mga balak sa Binisaya.

I like reading poems in Bisaya.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Inila

Qualities & Descriptions

English

outstanding; prominent; notableadjective

Alternative meanings: Standing out, well-known, or noticeable because of importance, quality, or reputation.
Pronunciation: i-NI-la
Root and affixes: ila + -in-
Variants or conjugations: bantog, bantugan, ilado, dungganan
Related words and expressions: notable, famous, prominent, recognized, important
Meaning and usage notes: Inila is a neutral form for outstanding, known, or prominent. Bantog or bantugan are used more when the meaning is famous, renowned, or distinguished.

notableoutstandingprominentrecognized

Example 1

Inila siya nga magtutudlo sa among lungsod.

He or she is a prominent teacher in our town.

Example 2

Bantugan siya sa iyang maayo nga buhat.

He or she is renowned for good work.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Garantiya

Economy & Business Government, Politics & Law Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

guarantee; warranty; collateral; assurancenoun

Alternative meanings: guarantee; warranty; assurance; backing; collateral; pledge
Pronunciation: gah-rahn-TEE-yah
Root and affixes: Loanword from Spanish garantía, adapted as garantiya. It can be used as a noun and also as a verb meaning to guarantee.
Variants or conjugations: assurance; promise; product warranty; to guarantee
Related words and expressions: promise; agreement; debt; product; security
Meaning and usage notes: For a product warranty, garantiya is natural. For a promise or emotional assurance, pasalig may sound warmer depending on context.

guarantee, warranty, assurance

Example 1

Adunay garantiya ang bag-ong telepono.

The new phone has a warranty.

Example 2

Akoy mugarantiya sa kalidad niini.

I guarantee the quality of this.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Audiyensya

Art, Culture & Entertainment Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law Society & Community

English

audience; hearingnoun

Pronunciation: aw-dee-YEN-syah
Root and affixes: Adapted loanword from audiencia. In Cebuano/Bisaya it can be used for an audience or for a formal hearing, depending on context.
Meaning and usage notes: Use audiyensya for audience as the public or for a formal hearing. If you mean the general public, publiko may sound more direct. For listeners, use tigpaminaw; for spectators, use tumatan-aw.

audiencehearinglegallistenersmeetingpublicsessionspectators

Example 1

Daghan ang audiyensya sa programa.

There was a large audience at the program.

Example 2

Aduna siyay audiyensya sa korte ugma.

He/She has a court hearing tomorrow.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Makabenepisyo

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Economy & Business Ideas & Abstract Concepts Society & Community

English

to benefit; to benefit fromverb

Alternative meanings: to benefit; to benefit from; to gain an advantage; to produce help or advantage; to be useful for someone
Pronunciation: mah-kah-beh-neh-PEES-yoh
Root and affixes: From benepisyo, benefit. Maka- can express ability, effect, or result: to cause or receive benefit depending on context.
Variants or conjugations: benepisyo; makabenepisyo; nakabenepisyo; makahatag og benepisyo; makatabang
Related words and expressions: benefit; help; advantage; welfare; profit; support
Meaning and usage notes: Makabenepisyo can mean to benefit from or to benefit someone depending on the construction. To clearly say benefit someone, makahatag og benepisyo or makatabang can also be used.

advantagebeneficialbenefiteconomyhelpsociety

Example 1

Makabenepisyo ang mga estudyante sa bag-ong programa.

The students will benefit from the new program.

Example 2

Kini nga proyekto makahatag og benepisyo sa komunidad.

This project will benefit the community.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kard

Home & Objects Technology & Information

English

cardnoun

Alternative meanings: A small piece of paper, cardboard, or plastic used for identification, payment, messages, games, or recording information.
Pronunciation: KARD
Root and affixes: from English card
Variants or conjugations: tarheta, baraha, credit card, debit card
Related words and expressions: identification, bank, payment, playing card, postcard
Meaning and usage notes: Kard is the common form for card in general. Baraha is used for playing cards. Tarheta may appear for calling card, business card, or label in some contexts.

bankcardidentificationpayment

Example 1

Gigamit niya ang iyang kard sa pagbayad.

He or she used the card to pay.

Example 2

Nawala ang akong kard sa eskuylahan.

I lost my card at school.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pugong

Actions & States Body & Health Society & Community

English

to prevent; to stop; to restrainverb

Alternative meanings: to prevent; to stop; to restrain; to hold back; to keep from happening
Pronunciation: POO-gohng
Root and affixes: Root pugong. It can express stopping, restraining, holding back, or preventing. For avoiding by staying away, use likay; for warning, use pasidaan.
Variants or conjugations: avoid; can be avoided; warning; prevention; to be stopped
Related words and expressions: avoid; danger; illness; damage; warning
Meaning and usage notes: Prevenir in Spanish can also mean to warn. In that case, pasidaan or pahimangno may be better. To prevent a problem or harm, pugong or likay work depending on context.

prevent, stop, avoid

Example 1

Kinahanglan nato pugngan ang sakit.

We need to prevent the illness.

Example 2

Likayi ang peligro samtang sayo pa.

Avoid the danger while it is still early.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Gamot

Basic Vocabulary Education & Learning Ideas & Abstract Concepts Travel & Transportation

English

root; origin; causenoun

Pronunciation: GAH-moht
Root and affixes: Gamot is the common form for root. It can be used literally for plants and figuratively for the origin or cause of a problem, idea, or situation.
Meaning and usage notes: Use gamot for a plant root and also for the root or origin of something. Note: in Tagalog, gamot means medicine; in Cebuano/Bisaya, tambal is medicine and gamot is root.

basebasic vocabularycausegrammarnatureoriginplantroot

Example 1

Lawom ang gamot sa kahoy.

The root of the tree is deep.

Example 2

Unsa ang gamot sa problema?

What is the root of the problem?

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Ngitngit

Qualities & Descriptions

English

darkadjective

Alternative meanings: Having little or no light; it can also describe something gloomy, sad, or hard to see clearly.
Pronunciation: ngit-NGIT
Root and affixes: ngitngit
Variants or conjugations: dulom, ngitngit kaayo, ngitngit-ngit
Related words and expressions: darkness, shadow, night, gloomy, black
Meaning and usage notes: Ngitngit is used for dark due to lack of light and also figuratively for something gloomy or somber. Dulom is more related to darkness or dimness.

darkdarknessnightshadow

Example 1

Ngitngit ang kwarto.

The room is dark.

Example 2

Ngitngit kaayo ang dalan kung gabii.

The road is very dark at night.

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