Vocabulario – Page 31

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Gilauman

English

expected; anticipated; foreseenadjective / participle

Alternative meanings: expected; anticipated; foreseen; considered probable; thought of beforehand; something expected to happen
Pronunciation: gee-LAH-oo-mahn
Root and affixes: Related to the root laom or dahom, to expect or hope. Gilauman expresses something expected or foreseen. For previsto as scheduled or fixed, gitakda may be more precise.
Variants or conjugations: gilauman; gilaoman; gipaabot; gipaabot nga; gitakda; giplano; gibanabana; gilauman nga
Related words and expressions: pagdahom = expectation; dahom = to expect; paabot = to wait; gitakda = set or scheduled; plano = plan; banabana = estimate
Meaning and usage notes: Use gilauman for previsto as expected or anticipated. Use gitakda if the expected thing is officially set for a date, time, or plan. Use giplano if you mean planned.

anticipatedexpectationexpectedforeseenplannedscheduled

Example 1

Mas sayo siya miabot kay sa gilauman.

He or she arrived earlier than expected.

Example 2

Gilauman nga mahuman ang trabaho karong semana.

The work is expected to be finished this week.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Nahuman

Actions & States Ideas & Abstract Concepts Qualities & Descriptions

English

completed; accomplished; finished; realizedadjective / participle

Alternative meanings: completed; accomplished; finished; carried out; fulfilled
Pronunciation: nah-HOO-mahn
Root and affixes: Comes from the root human, expressing finish, end, or being completed. Nahimo can also mean done or accomplished depending on context.
Variants or conjugations: done; made; fulfilled; finished; complete
Related words and expressions: finish; work; goal; success; task
Meaning and usage notes: Use nahuman when something has been completed or finished. For realized as made or done, gihimo or nahimo may sound better.

completed, accomplished, finished

Example 1

Nahuman na ang proyekto.

The project is already completed.

Example 2

Nahuman niya ang iyang plano.

He or she accomplished the plan.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Igahin

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Economy & Business Home & Objects Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

to allocate; to assign; to set aside; to reserveverb

Pronunciation: ee-GAH-hin
Root and affixes: Root: gahin, related to separating or setting aside. Igahin expresses the action of allocating, reserving, or assigning something for a specific use.
Meaning and usage notes: Use igahin when something is set aside for a purpose: budget, time, space, resources, or attention. To assign a task to a person, hatagan og buluhaton or itudlo may fit better depending on context.

allocateassigndedicatemoneyreserveresourcesset asidetime

Example 1

Igahin nato ang kwarta para sa proyekto.

Let us allocate the money for the project.

Example 2

Gigahin niya ang iyang oras para sa pamilya.

He/She set aside time for the family.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Sayaw

Art, Culture & Entertainment

English

dance; dancing; to dancenoun / verb

Alternative meanings: A rhythmic movement of the body, usually with music; it can also be used as the verb root for to dance.
Pronunciation: SA-yaw
Root and affixes: sayaw
Variants or conjugations: mosayaw, magsayaw, nagsayaw, sayaw-sayaw
Related words and expressions: dance, dancing, music, performance, culture
Meaning and usage notes: Sayaw can mean dance or dancing as a noun, and it also works as the root for the verb to dance.

culturedancedancingmusic

Example 1

Nindot ang tradisyonal nga sayaw.

The traditional dance is beautiful.

Example 2

Mosayaw sila sa programa.

They will dance in the program.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Itakda

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Economy & Business Time & Calendar

English

to set; to establish; to scheduleverb

Alternative meanings: to set; to establish; to determine; to schedule; to set a date or time; to define a price, deadline, rule, or condition
Pronunciation: ee-TAHK-dah
Root and affixes: Related to takda, which expresses arranging beforehand, scheduling, or establishing. Gitakda means fixed, set, established, or scheduled.
Variants or conjugations: itakda; takda; gitakda; magtakda; pagtatalaga; iskedyul; butang; itaod
Related words and expressions: takda = to schedule or establish; gitakda = fixed or established; iskedyul = schedule; presyo = price; petsa = date; itaod = to fix or install physically; butang = to put
Meaning and usage notes: Use itakda for setting a date, price, deadline, limit, or condition. If fijar means to attach or fasten physically, itaod, idapat, or ibutang may fit depending on the object. If fijar la mirada means to stare or focus the gaze, tutok is better.

datedeadlineestablishpricescheduleset

Example 1

Itakda nato ang petsa sa miting.

Let us set the date of the meeting.

Example 2

Gitakda nila ang presyo sa produkto.

They set the price of the product.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Inagurar

Actions & States Government, Politics & Law Society & Community

English

to inaugurate; to officially open; to formally beginverb

Alternative meanings: to inaugurate; to officially open; to formally begin; to launch ceremonially
Pronunciation: ee-nah-goo-RAHR
Root and affixes: Loanword from Spanish inaugurar, adapted in Cebuano as inagurar. The related noun is inagurasyon.
Variants or conjugations: to open; opening; inauguration; official opening
Related words and expressions: open; start; ceremony; inauguration; official
Meaning and usage notes: Use inagurar for a formal act of inauguration. For opening a door, store, or class in everyday speech, abli usually sounds more natural.

inaugurate, officially open, launch

Example 1

Ila nang inaguraron ang bag-ong tulay.

They already inaugurated the new bridge.

Example 2

Adunay seremoniya sa pag-inagurar sa eskuylahan.

There is a ceremony to inaugurate the school.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Uso

Art, Culture & Entertainment Basic Vocabulary Qualities & Descriptions Society & Community

English

fashion; trend; trendynoun / adjective

Pronunciation: OO-soh
Root and affixes: Uso is used to express fashion or trend, especially something popular or current. It can also work adjectivally in phrases where something is fashionable.
Meaning and usage notes: Use uso when talking about something that is in fashion or became popular. Moda may also be understood as a loanword, but uso sounds more natural for trend in everyday Cebuano.

basic vocabularyclothingculturecurrentfashionpopularstyletrend

Example 1

Uso kaayo kini nga estilo karon.

This style is very fashionable now.

Example 2

Nauso na pud ang karaang sinina.

Old clothing became trendy again.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pasyon

Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

passionnoun

Alternative meanings: A strong and intense feeling; deep emotion, desire, or interest for someone, something, or an activity.
Pronunciation: PAS-yon
Variants or conjugations: kadasig, gugma
Related words and expressions: emotion, enthusiasm, love, desire, intensity
Meaning and usage notes: Pasyon is the direct form for passion. Kadasig fits better for enthusiasm or ardor; gugma is used when passion means love or deep affection.

emotionenthusiasmlovepassion

Example 1

Dako ang iyang pasyon sa musika.

He or she has a great passion for music.

Example 2

Ang iyang kadasig makita sa iyang trabaho.

His or her passion shows in the work.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kooperasyon

Society & Community

English

cooperationnoun

Alternative meanings: The act of working or helping together to achieve a common goal.
Pronunciation: ko-o-pe-ra-SYON
Variants or conjugations: pagbulig, pagtinabangay, tabangay
Related words and expressions: help, collaboration, support, teamwork, community
Meaning and usage notes: Kooperasyon is the direct borrowed form for cooperation. Pagbulig and pagtinabangay sound more natural when referring to mutual help or working together.

collaborationcommunitycooperationhelp

Example 1

Importante ang kooperasyon sa tanan.

The cooperation of everyone is important.

Example 2

Nagkinahanglan kita og pagtinabangay.

We need mutual cooperation.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Awto

Home & Objects Technology & Information Travel & Transportation

English

car; automobile; autonoun

Alternative meanings: car; automobile; auto; passenger vehicle; private vehicle
Pronunciation: OW-toh
Root and affixes: Loanword from automobile/auto, adapted as awto. Kotse is also understood as car, and sakyanan means vehicle in general.
Variants or conjugations: sakyanan; kotse; awtomobil; vehicle; car
Related words and expressions: vehicle; road; engine; driver; gasoline
Meaning and usage notes: Awto is specific for car or automobile. Sakyanan is broader: vehicle or means of transportation. In some areas, kotse is also heard.

car, automobile, auto

Example 1

Naa koy bag-ong awto.

I have a new car.

Example 2

Gipaandar niya ang awto.

He or she started the car.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Talento

Basic Vocabulary Education & Learning Qualities & Descriptions Work & Professions

English

talent; gift; skillnoun

Alternative meanings: talent; gift; natural ability; special capacity; skill; aptitude; ease in doing something well
Pronunciation: tah-LEN-toh
Root and affixes: Borrowed from Spanish talento. It is related to abilidad, ability or capacity, and kahanas, skill or proficiency developed through practice.
Variants or conjugations: talento; mga talento; abilidad; kahanas; katakos; gasa; hanas
Related words and expressions: abilidad = ability or capacity; kahanas = skill or proficiency; katakos = ability or power; gasa = gift; hanas = skilled or expert; praktis = practice
Meaning and usage notes: Talento is used for a gift or special capacity, often natural. Kahanas emphasizes developed skill or proficiency; abilidad emphasizes general ability; gasa sounds more like a gift.

abilityaptitudecapacitygiftskilltalent

Example 1

Daghan siya og talento sa musika.

He or she has a lot of talent in music.

Example 2

Ang iyang talento milambo tungod sa praktis.

His or her talent improved because of practice.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Panguma

Economy & Business

English

agriculture; farmingnoun

Alternative meanings: The activity of cultivating land, planting, harvesting, and raising animals to produce food or other resources.
Pronunciation: pa-NGU-ma
Root and affixes: uma + pang-
Variants or conjugations: agrikultura, pagpanguma
Related words and expressions: field, farming, farm, harvest, farmer
Meaning and usage notes: Panguma is a natural form for agriculture or farming. Agrikultura is also used as a modern borrowed term.

agriculturefarmfarmingfield

Example 1

Importante ang panguma sa ekonomiya sa nasod.

Agriculture is important for the countrys economy.

Example 2

Panguma ang panginabuhi sa iyang pamilya.

Farming is his or her familys livelihood.

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