Vocabulario – Page 6

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Hatag

English

to give; to grant; to awardverb

Alternative meanings: To give, grant, award, hand over, offer, or provide something to another person. It can be used for granting permission, a benefit, a prize, help, or an opportunity depending on context.
Pronunciation: HAH-tag
Root and affixes: Hatag is the root for giving or granting. I-hatag can mean to give or hand over something; gihatag means was given or granted.
Variants or conjugations: hatag; give; granted; giving; give to someone
Related words and expressions: permission; prize; help; benefit; permit; opportunity
Meaning and usage notes: Hatag covers conceder when it means to grant or give something. If conceder means to allow, tugot may fit better; if it means to concede/admit a point in a discussion, angkon may work depending on context.

awardbenefitgivegranthand overhelpofferpermissionprizeprovide

Example 1

Gihatag nila ang permiso.

They granted permission.

Example 2

Ihatag ang premyo sa mananaog.

Give or award the prize to the winner.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Polusyon

Basic Vocabulary Body & Health Nature & Weather Society & Community

English

pollution; contaminationnoun

Alternative meanings: The presence of harmful substances, waste, or factors in the air, water, soil, or environment that can affect health, nature, or quality of life.
Pronunciation: poh-LOO-syohn
Root and affixes: Loanword adapted from polución. It is related to kontaminar, to contaminate, and kontaminado, contaminated.
Variants or conjugations: contamination; to contaminate; contaminated; air pollution; water pollution; soil pollution
Related words and expressions: trash; dirt; environment; air; water; soil; health
Meaning and usage notes: Polusyon is used especially for environmental pollution. Kontaminasyon or kontaminar can be used when the meaning is contaminating a substance, food, water, or sample.

contaminationenvironmenthealthpollutionwaste

Example 1

Grabe ang polusyon sa hangin sa siyudad.

Air pollution in the city is severe.

Example 2

Kinahanglan nato likayan ang polusyon sa tubig.

We need to prevent water pollution.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Hangyo

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law Society & Community

English

request; petition; to request; to ask forverb / noun

Alternative meanings: A request or petition; also the act of asking someone for something, requesting a favor, making a petition, or asking for consideration.
Pronunciation: HANG-yoh
Root and affixes: Hangyo can work as a noun, request or petition, and as a verb, to ask or request.
Variants or conjugations: hangyo; ask for; request; please; application
Related words and expressions: ask for; please; application; public call; help; favor
Meaning and usage notes: Hangyo is natural for a general request or petition. For a formal job or administrative application, aplikasyon may be more specific. For please, use palihog.

appealapplicationask forfavorformalhelppetitionrequestsolicitationTo request

Example 1

Duna koy hangyo nimo.

I have a request for you.

Example 2

Gidawat nila ang akong hangyo.

They accepted my request.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Diktadorya

Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law Ideas & Abstract Concepts Society & Community

English

dictatorshipnoun

Alternative meanings: A form of government in which power is concentrated in one person or a small group, usually with absolute authority, political control, and little or no democratic participation.
Pronunciation: dik-tah-DOR-yah
Root and affixes: Loanword adapted from dictadura/dictatorship. It is related to diktador, dictator, and diktatoryal, dictatorial.
Variants or conjugations: diktadura; dictator; dictatorial; authoritarian government; regime
Related words and expressions: government; power; politics; authority; law; freedom
Meaning and usage notes: Diktadorya is used for dictatorship or dictatorial regime. Diktador refers to the person who rules with absolute power.

authoritarianismdictatordictatorshipgovernmentregime

Example 1

Ang nasod nagpuyo ilalom sa diktadorya.

The country lived under a dictatorship.

Example 2

Gisupak sa mga tawo ang diktadorya.

The people opposed the dictatorship.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Mangawat

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law Society & Community

English

to steal; to robverb

Alternative meanings: To take something that belongs to another person without permission; to commit theft or robbery.
Pronunciation: mah-NGAH-waht
Root and affixes: Related to kawat, theft or the act of stealing. Mangawat is the verb form meaning to steal.
Variants or conjugations: mangawat; theft; stolen; thief; stealing
Related words and expressions: crime; illegal; police; punishment; offense; property
Meaning and usage notes: Mangawat is used for stealing in general. Kawat can refer to theft or stealing depending on the sentence; kawatan can refer to a thief.

crimeillegaloffensePropertyrobrobberystealstolentheftthief

Example 1

Ayaw mangawat sa butang sa uban.

Do not steal other people things.

Example 2

Gikawat ang iyang pitaka.

His or her wallet was stolen.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Lapsag

Basic Vocabulary Body & Health Family People & Relationships

English

baby; infant; newbornnoun

Alternative meanings: A baby or infant, especially a very young child or newborn. It can also refer to a child in an early stage of life.
Pronunciation: LAP-sag
Root and affixes: Lapsag is used for baby or infant. Bata is more general and can mean child, boy/girl, or child/offspring depending on context.
Variants or conjugations: lapsag; child; nursing baby; newborn
Related words and expressions: child; son/daughter; childhood; be born; family; mother
Meaning and usage notes: Lapsag is more specific for baby/infant. For child in general, bata is more common. For literally newborn, bag-ong natawo can also fit.

babybirthchilddaughterfamilyinfantmothernewbornsonyoung child

Example 1

Natulog ang lapsag sa duyan.

The baby is sleeping in the cradle.

Example 2

Bag-ong natawo ang lapsag.

The baby was just born.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Barko

Basic Vocabulary Places & Geography Travel & Transportation

English

ship; boat; ferry; vesselnoun

Alternative meanings: A watercraft used to travel or transport people and cargo over water. It often refers to a large boat, ferry, or ship, though it can also be used generally for boat or ship.
Pronunciation: BAR-koh
Root and affixes: Loanword from Spanish barco. In Cebuano it also appears as barku. Sakayan is a more general form for vessel or vehicle.
Variants or conjugations: barku; vessel; steamship; ferryboat; launch; small boat
Related words and expressions: sea; port; trip; passenger; cargo; captain
Meaning and usage notes: Barko is used for ship, ferry, or boat, especially a larger one. For a launch or small boat, lantsa, bangka, or sakayan may be more natural depending on context.

boatferryshiptransportationvessel

Example 1

Misakay kami og barko padulong sa isla.

We rode a boat to the island.

Example 2

Dako kaayo ang barko sa pantalan.

The ship at the port is very large.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pagpatuman

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law Technology & Information Work & Professions

English

compliance; execution; implementation; enforcementnoun

Alternative meanings: Compliance, execution, or implementation; the act of carrying out, enforcing, or putting into practice a plan, law, order, rule, or program.
Pronunciation: pag-pa-TOO-man
Root and affixes: Related to tuman, to fulfill or comply, and patuman, to enforce or implement.
Variants or conjugations: pagpatuman; fulfillment; implement; fulfill; compliance
Related words and expressions: fulfill; implement; law; order; rule; project; compliance
Meaning and usage notes: Pagpatuman fits compliance when talking about implementing or enforcing laws, rules, orders, or plans. For fulfilling a promise or personal responsibility, tuman may be more direct.

complianceenforcementexecutionfulfillmentimplementationlaworderprojectregulationrule

Example 1

Importante ang pagpatuman sa balaod.

Compliance with the law is important.

Example 2

Ang pagpatuman sa plano nagsugod karon.

The implementation of the plan starts today.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pangita

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Economy & Business Technology & Information

English

search; to search; to look for; to findnoun / verb

Alternative meanings: The act of searching for something or someone, trying to locate it, or trying to find an answer, job, object, person, or solution.
Pronunciation: pah-NGEE-tah
Root and affixes: Root: pangita. Common forms include mangita, to search; nagpangita, searching; gipangita, searched for; pangitaa, search; and pagpangita, search or the act of searching.
Variants or conjugations: mangita; nagpangita; gipangita; pangitaa; pagpangita; pangitaon
Related words and expressions: see; visible; found; solution; work; casual searching
Meaning and usage notes: Pangita works for search, searching, and to look for. It can also carry related senses such as find, locate, job search, or looking for a solution.

findlocatelook forsearchseek

Example 1

Nagpangita ko sa akong yawe.

I am looking for my key.

Example 2

Pangitaa ang pinakamaayo nga solusyon.

Look for the best solution.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Balangkas

Basic Vocabulary Education & Learning Ideas & Abstract Concepts Technology & Information

English

outline; scheme; frameworknoun

Alternative meanings: An outline, scheme, or general structure of an idea, text, plan, project, or explanation. It helps organize parts before developing the full content.
Pronunciation: bah-LANG-kas
Root and affixes: Balangkas is used for the structure, framework, or outline of something, especially when organizing ideas or parts.
Variants or conjugations: balangkas; framework; plan; drawing; outline
Related words and expressions: framework; plan; approach; design; structure; idea
Meaning and usage notes: Balangkas is a good option for esquema as outline or organized structure. For plan, plano may fit; for physical structure or framework, gambalay may be more direct.

draftframeworkideasorganizationoutlineplanprojectschemestructuretext

Example 1

Naghimo siya og balangkas sa iyang essay.

He/she made an outline for the essay.

Example 2

Klaro ang balangkas sa proyekto.

The project outline is clear.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pundok

Basic Vocabulary Education & Learning Ideas & Abstract Concepts Society & Community

English

group; grouping; association; collectivenoun

Alternative meanings: A set of people, things, or elements gathered and considered as one unit. It can refer to a social group, an organization, a classification, or a grouping of objects.
Pronunciation: POON-dok
Root and affixes: Root: pundok, group. Pagpundok expresses grouping or the act of grouping; pundokon can express to gather or group together.
Variants or conjugations: grouping; to group; group; faction or union; association; gathering
Related words and expressions: group; organization; community; unity; class; category
Meaning and usage notes: Pundok is a general word for group or grouping. For a formal organization, organisasyon or kahugpongan may fit better; for a physical gathering, panagtapok may be more specific.

associationcollectivegroupgroupingorganization

Example 1

Adunay pundok sa mga estudyante sa gawas.

There is a group of students outside.

Example 2

Gipundok nila ang mga pulong sumala sa kahulugan.

They grouped the words according to meaning.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Sayop

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

error; failure; mistake; wrongnoun / adjective

Alternative meanings: Something that is wrong, incorrect, or done in the wrong way. It can refer to an error, failure, mistake, fault, or incorrect answer.
Pronunciation: SAH-yohp
Root and affixes: Simple form that can function as a noun or adjective. It also forms expressions related to making a mistake.
Variants or conjugations: sayop; nasayop; kasaypanan
Related words and expressions: sala = fault / guilt; saypan = to make a mistake; husto = correct
Meaning and usage notes: “Sayop” works for error, mistaken, or incorrect. For moral blame or fault, “sala” may be more appropriate.

adjectiveerrorfailurefaultmistakenounwrong

Example 1

Sayop ang tubag.

The answer is wrong.

Example 2

Nakita nako ang sayop.

I saw the error.

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