Vocabulario – Page 77

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Suba

English

rivernoun

Alternative meanings: River; a natural flowing body of water that moves through a channel toward another river, lake, or sea.
Pronunciation: SOO-bah
Root and affixes: Suba is a common word for river. It may also appear in expressions related to living near a river or moving upstream.
Variants or conjugations: salog = river; wahig = river/running water in some varieties; suban-on = person living near the river
Related words and expressions: water, stream, sea, lake, shore
Meaning and usage notes: Suba is a general and useful word for river. In some areas, other words such as salog or wahig may also be used.

geographylandscapenatureriverwater

Example 1

Lapad kaayo ang suba.

The river is very wide.

Example 2

Namalik sila duol sa suba.

They returned near the river.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

kinaiyahan

Basic Vocabulary Nature & Weather

English

naturenoun

Alternative meanings: The natural world: plants, animals, mountains, seas, weather, and everything that exists without being directly created by people.
Pronunciation: kee-nah-ee-YAH-hahn
Root and affixes: Noun form related to what is natural or the essence of something. In many contexts it means nature or the natural environment.
Variants or conjugations: kinaiyahan
Related words and expressions: kalibutan = world; tanom = plant; hayop = animal; palibot = surroundings / environment
Meaning and usage notes: “Kinaiyahan” is used for nature and can also refer to the essence or natural character of something depending on context.

environmentnaturenounsurroundings

Example 1

Importante nga ampingan ang kinaiyahan.

It is important to care for nature.

Example 2

Nindot kaayo ang kinaiyahan dinhi.

The nature here is very beautiful.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Motibo

Actions & States Ideas & Abstract Concepts Society & Community

English

motivenoun

Alternative meanings: motive; reason; intention; cause; impulse behind an action
Pronunciation: moh-TEE-boh
Root and affixes: Adapted loanword from Spanish motivo. It is related to tuyo when speaking about intention, and to rason or hinungdan when speaking about reason or cause.
Variants or conjugations: motibo; mga motibo
Related words and expressions: rason = reason; hinungdan = cause or reason; tuyo = intention; katuyoan = purpose; kapasikaran = motive or basis
Meaning and usage notes: Motibo works well when talking about the motive behind an action. For a general cause, hinungdan may sound more natural; for an explanatory reason, rason is also common.

causeintentionmotivepurposereason

Example 1

Unsa ang iyang motibo?

What is his or her motive?

Example 2

Wala ko kasabot sa motibo niya.

I did not understand his or her motive.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

pabor

Ideas & Abstract Concepts People & Relationships

English

favornoun

Alternative meanings: favor; kind act or help; advantage; preference; support toward someone or something
Pronunciation: pah-BOR
Root and affixes: Borrowed from Spanish favor. Root/form: pabor = favor / advantage / preference.
Variants or conjugations: pabur = spelling variant; pabor sa = in favor of / favorable to; paborito = favorite; purpabor = please
Related words and expressions: tabang = help / favor as assistance
palihog = please
bentaha = advantage
suporta = support
Meaning and usage notes: Pabor works for a favor as a kind act, an advantage, or being in favor of something. If “favor” means practical help, tabang may be more natural. For “please,” palihog or purpabor is often used.

advantagefavorhelpsupport

Example 1

Mangayo unta ko og pabor nimo.

I would like to ask you for a favor.

Example 2

Ang desisyon pabor kaniya.

The decision is in his/her favor.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

estudyante

Basic Vocabulary Education & Learning People & Relationships

English

student; pupilnoun

Alternative meanings: A person who studies in a school, university, class, or learning program.
Pronunciation: es-too-DYAHN-teh
Root and affixes: Borrowed word used as a noun. It is related to studying and learning.
Variants or conjugations: estudyante; alumno
Related words and expressions: tungha = to study / attend class; maestro = teacher; klase = class
Meaning and usage notes: “Estudyante” is common for student or pupil. For a school child, “bata” can be used with context, but it does not mean student by itself.

nounpupilschoolstudent

Example 1

Maayo siya nga estudyante.

He/She is a good student.

Example 2

Daghan ang estudyante sa klase.

There are many students in the class.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Panimalay

Basic Vocabulary Family Home & Objects

English

home; household; domicilenoun

Alternative meanings: Home, domicile, or household; it can refer both to the place where someone lives and to the family or domestic environment.
Pronunciation: pah-nee-MAH-lai
Root and affixes: Derived from balay = house. Panimalay adds the sense of home, domicile, or domestic/family setting.
Variants or conjugations: balay = physical house; pinuy-anan = dwelling/place where one lives; pamilya = family
Related words and expressions: house, dwelling, family, domestic, residence
Meaning and usage notes: Use panimalay when you mean home with a family or domestic sense. For a physical building, balay is often more direct.

domestic lifedomicilefamilyhomehousehold

Example 1

Ang panimalay kinahanglan nga puno sa kalinaw.

The home should be full of peace.

Example 2

Mipauli siya sa iyang panimalay.

He/She returned to his/her home.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Telebisyon

Art, Culture & Entertainment Home & Objects Technology & Information

English

television; TV set; TVnoun

Alternative meanings: A device that receives and displays images and sound, or a communication medium that broadcasts programs, news, series, and other audiovisual content.
Pronunciation: teh-leh-BIS-yon
Root and affixes: Borrowed from Spanish televisión. Used both for the physical device and for the television medium.
Variants or conjugations: TV; tivi; televisor
Related words and expressions: program; movie; news; video; screen
Meaning and usage notes: Telebisyon can refer to the physical device or the medium. In informal conversation, TV or tivi is also used.

entertainmenttechnologytelevisionTVTV set

Example 1

Nagtan-aw sila og telebisyon sa sala.

They are watching television in the living room.

Example 2

Naa bay balita sa telebisyon?

Is there news on television?

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Asumir

Actions & States Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

to assumeverb

Alternative meanings: To accept or take on a responsibility, office, or situation; also to suppose something is true without fully confirming it.
Pronunciation: ah-soo-MEER
Root and affixes: Loanword from Spanish “asumir.” In some contexts, forms like “dawat” are also used for accepting or assuming responsibility.
Variants or conjugations: dawat; modawat; lingkod; aturga
Related words and expressions: responsibility; duty; position; believe; thought
Meaning and usage notes: For “assume responsibility,” “asumir” or expressions with “dawat” may be used. For “assume office,” “lingkod” may fit depending on context. For “assume” as suppose, it may be expressed with ideas of believing or thinking depending on the sentence.

assumeresponsibilitysupposeverbs

Example 1

Asumir siya sa responsibilidad.

He/She will assume the responsibility.

Example 2

Ayaw dayon pag-asumir nga sakto ka.

Do not immediately assume that you are right.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Mopahinabo

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

to cause; to provokeVerb

Alternative meanings: to cause; to provoke; to bring about; to make something happen; to generate an effect
Pronunciation: moh-pah-hee-NAH-boh
Root and affixes: Related to hitabo/panghitabo, which expresses happening or event. Mopahinabo means to make something happen.
Variants or conjugations: pahinabo; mopahinabo; caused; reason; to bring about; to cause something
Related words and expressions: cause; event; effect; result; problem; action; condition
Meaning and usage notes: Mopahinabo works for causing or provoking an event. If the focus is “being the reason for something,” hinungdan may sound more natural. To provoke a person in the sense of annoying or inciting them, another verb may be needed depending on context.

actionbasic vocabularybring aboutcauseeffectgenerateprovokereason

Example 1

Ang kusog nga ulan mopahinabo og baha.

Heavy rain can cause a flood.

Example 2

Ang sayop nga desisyon nagpahinabo og problema.

The wrong decision caused a problem.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pahimuslan

Actions & States Economy & Business Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

to take advantage ofverb

Alternative meanings: to take advantage of; to make use of; to benefit from; to seize an opportunity; to exploit, depending on context
Pronunciation: pah-hee-MOOS-lahn
Root and affixes: Related to himulos or pulos, ideas of use, usefulness, or benefit. Pahimuslan means to make use of something or benefit from it.
Variants or conjugations: pahimulos; pagpahimulos; pahimusli; gipahimuslan; nakapahimulos; mapahimuslanon
Related words and expressions: mapuslan = to be useful; kapuslanan = usefulness or benefit; gamit = use; oportunidad = opportunity; higayon = occasion
Meaning and usage notes: For a positive sense like making use of time or an opportunity, pahimuslan works well. For a clearly negative sense like exploiting or abusing someone, pahimudsan or gipahimuslan may also appear depending on context.

benefitmake use ofopportunitytake advantageuse

Example 1

Pahimusli ang higayon samtang naa pa.

Take advantage of the opportunity while it is still there.

Example 2

Dili maayo nga pahimuslan ang kahuyang sa uban.

It is not right to take advantage of the weakness of others.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

eksena

Art, Culture & Entertainment Basic Vocabulary

English

scenenoun

Alternative meanings: A part of a movie, play, story, or visible situation. It can also refer to a specific moment within an event or narrative.
Pronunciation: ek-SEH-nah
Root and affixes: Borrowed word used as a noun in film, theater, stories, and everyday situations.
Variants or conjugations: eksena; scena
Related words and expressions: pelikula = movie; teatro = theater; hitabo = event / incident
Meaning and usage notes: “Eksena” is used for a scene in a movie, theater, or situation. In conversation, it can also suggest drama or a striking moment depending on context.

filmnounscenetheater

Example 1

Ganahan ko sa katapusang eksena.

I liked the final scene.

Example 2

Nindot kaayo ang eksena sa pelikula.

The scene in the movie was very beautiful.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

hilig

Ideas & Abstract Concepts Qualities & Descriptions

English

tendencynoun

Alternative meanings: inclination; liking; interest; propensity; tendency toward something
Pronunciation: HEE-lig
Root and affixes: Root: hilig = inclination / tendency / liking. It can also describe something leaning or tilted.
Variants or conjugations: mahilig = fond of / inclined to; nahilig = developed a tendency or liking; kahilig = inclination or hobby
Related words and expressions: gusto = taste / preference
interes = interest
uso = fashion / social trend
trend = modern or viral trend
Meaning and usage notes: Hilig is used for a personal tendency, liking, interest, or propensity. For a fashion, market, or social media trend, uso or the loanword trend may also be used depending on context.

inclinationinterestlikingtendency

Example 1

Unsa ang imong hilig karon?

What is your current interest or tendency?

Example 2

May hilig siya sa musika.

He/She has an inclination or liking for music.

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