Qualities & Descriptions – Page 3

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Paubos

English

descent; drop; decrease; declinenoun / adjective

Alternative meanings: Descent, drop, decrease, decline, or reduction; a downward movement or change in level, price, amount, or intensity.
Pronunciation: pah-OO-bohs
Root and affixes: Comes from ubos, meaning low, down, or below. Paubos expresses movement, direction, or change downward.
Variants or conjugations: low; went down; lowering; reduction; low as adjective
Related words and expressions: low; high; price; level; amount
Meaning and usage notes: For physical descent, like going down stairs or getting off a vehicle, naog may fit better. For a decrease in numbers, prices, or levels, paubos works well.

declinedecreasedescentdownwarddropfalllevellowpricereduction

Example 1

Paubos ang presyo karon.

There is a drop in the price today.

Example 2

Paubos ang lebel sa tubig.

The water level is decreasing.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Katingad-an

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts Qualities & Descriptions

English

weird; strange; unusualadjective / noun

Alternative meanings: Weird, strange, unusual, or peculiar; something that stands out because it is not common or feels out of the ordinary.
Pronunciation: ka-ting-AHD-an
Root and affixes: Related to katingad, surprise or strangeness. Katingad-an can mean strange, weird, or a surprising thing depending on context.
Variants or conjugations: katingad; katingalahan; talagsaon; lahi
Related words and expressions: different; unique; scarce; astonishing; event
Meaning and usage notes: For rare as scarce, nihit may fit better. For rare as unique or uncommon, talagsaon fits. For weird/strange, katingad-an is better.

curiousdifferentoddpeculiarrarestrangeunusualweird

Example 1

Katingad-an kaayo ang nahitabo.

What happened was very strange.

Example 2

Katingad-an ang iyang batasan karon.

His/her behavior is weird today.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Rock

Art, Culture & Entertainment Basic Vocabulary Qualities & Descriptions

English

rock musicnoun

Alternative meanings: rock; rock music; music genre; rock and roll; Bisrock
Pronunciation: rock
Root and affixes: A loanword from English rock. Bisrock combines Bisaya and rock for rock or pop-rock music in Visayan languages, especially Cebuano.
Variants or conjugations: rock; rak; rock and roll; rak-an rul; rak-in rul; bisrock; Bisaya rock
Related words and expressions: music; song; band; guitar; concert; artist; Bisrock
Meaning and usage notes: For rock as a stone, use bato. This entry covers rock as a music genre.

bandBisrockmusic genrerockrock music

Example 1

Ganahan siya maminaw og rock.

They like listening to rock.

Example 2

Ang Bisrock adunay mga kanta sa Cebuano.

Bisrock has songs in Cebuano.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Sobra

Basic Vocabulary Connectors & Function Words Ideas & Abstract Concepts Numbers & Quantities Qualities & Descriptions

English

excess; too muchnoun / adjective / adverb

Alternative meanings: excess; surplus; too much; extra; more than needed; excessive amount
Pronunciation: SOH-brah
Root and affixes: A loanword from Spanish sobra. Subra also appears as a spelling variant. Masobraan means to overdo or go beyond what is enough.
Variants or conjugations: sobra; subra; masobraan; sobra ra; sobra ka; lapas; labaw
Related words and expressions: remainder; left over; lacking; enough; addition; exceed; very
Meaning and usage notes: Sobra can be a noun, adjective, or adverb: excess, extra, or too much. Labaw fits better when the idea is surpassing or exceeding a limit.

excessexcessiveextrasurplustoo much

Example 1

Sobra ra kaayo ang tubig.

There is too much water.

Example 2

Iuli ang sobra nga kwarta.

Return the extra money.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Tambok

Basic Vocabulary Body & Health Food & Drink Qualities & Descriptions

English

fat; greasenoun / adjective

Alternative meanings: fat; body fat; fatty tissue; food fat; fat as an adjective; greasy
Pronunciation: TAHM-bok
Root and affixes: Root tambok. It can work as a noun for fat and as an adjective for fat or greasy, depending on context.
Variants or conjugations: tambok; mantika; lana; grasa; katambok; tambuk
Related words and expressions: body; food; cooking oil; grease; medicine; health; weight
Meaning and usage notes: Use tambok for body fat or fat as a substance. Use mantika for cooking oil or cooking grease. Grasa also exists as a loanword for grease or lubricant.

body fatfatfattygreaseoil

Example 1

Daghan og tambok ang pagkaon.

The food has a lot of fat.

Example 2

Gusto niya maminusan ang tambok sa lawas.

They want to reduce body fat.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kalipay

Basic Vocabulary Family Ideas & Abstract Concepts People & Relationships Qualities & Descriptions

English

joy; happinessnoun

Alternative meanings: joy; happiness; gladness; pleasure; delight; emotional well-being
Pronunciation: kah-LEE-pie
Root and affixes: From lipay, happy or glad. The prefix ka- forms the abstract noun kalipay, joy or happiness.
Variants or conjugations: kalipay; lipay; malipayon; kalipayan; kalipayon; great joy
Related words and expressions: happy; love; heart; smile; enjoyment; celebration; peace
Meaning and usage notes: Kalipay is the noun for joy or happiness. To say happy, use malipayon.

emotiongladnesshappinessjoywell-being

Example 1

Dako ang akong kalipay nga nakita tika pag-usab.

My joy is great seeing you again.

Example 2

Ang pamilya mao ang iyang kalipay.

Family is their happiness.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Panglalaki

Basic Vocabulary Body & Health Ideas & Abstract Concepts People & Relationships Qualities & Descriptions

English

masculine; maleadjective / noun

Alternative meanings: masculine; male; for men; manly; masculine gender
Pronunciation: pahng-lah-LAH-kee
Root and affixes: From lalaki, man or male. Pang- forms the idea of something intended for, related to, or characteristic of men.
Variants or conjugations: panglalaki; lalaki; laki; linaki; lalakin-on; panlalaki
Related words and expressions: man; woman; feminine; sex; gender; father; husband
Meaning and usage notes: Lalaki means man or male as sex. Panglalaki fits masculine, for men, or male, especially for clothing, style, gender, or category.

for mengendermalemanlymasculine

Example 1

Panglalaki ang disenyo sa sapatos.

The shoe design is masculine.

Example 2

Kini nga seksyon para sa panglalaki nga sinina.

This section is for male clothing.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Epektibo

Basic Vocabulary Economy & Business Government, Politics & Law Ideas & Abstract Concepts Qualities & Descriptions

English

in effect; validadjective

Alternative meanings: in effect; in force; effective; valid; currently applicable
Pronunciation: eh-pek-TEE-boh
Root and affixes: A loanword related to effective. For current or present, kasamtangan can be used, but for in force or legally effective, epektibo fits better.
Variants or conjugations: epektibo; balido; kasamtangan; nag-epekto; adunay bisa; naa pa sa bisa
Related words and expressions: law; contract; rule; permit; approval; validity; effect
Meaning and usage notes: For vigente as current, kasamtangan may fit. For a law or contract in force, epektibo or adunay bisa is more precise.

contracteffectivein effectin forcevalid

Example 1

Epektibo pa ang kontrata hangtod sa sunod tuig.

The contract remains in effect until next year.

Example 2

Epektibo na ang bag-ong balaod karon.

The new law is now in effect.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Organiko

Basic Vocabulary Economy & Business Food & Drink Nature & Weather Qualities & Descriptions

English

organicadjective

Alternative meanings: organic; natural; related to living organisms; grown without synthetic chemicals; organic compound
Pronunciation: or-GAH-nee-koh
Root and affixes: A loanword from Spanish orgánico and English organic. In Cebuano/Bisaya it is used as an adjective.
Variants or conjugations: organiko; organikong; organic food; organic fertilizer; organic
Related words and expressions: food; plant; agriculture; fertilizer; chemical; nature; organism
Meaning and usage notes: For food and agriculture, organiko refers to products grown or produced without synthetic chemicals. In science, it can relate to living organisms or organic compounds.

agriculturechemistrynaturalorganicorganic food

Example 1

Mas mahal ang organikong gulay sa merkado.

Organic vegetables are more expensive at the market.

Example 2

Nagamit sila og organikong abono sa uma.

They used organic fertilizer on the farm.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Malampuson

Basic Vocabulary Economy & Business Ideas & Abstract Concepts Qualities & Descriptions Work & Professions

English

successfuladjective

Alternative meanings: successful; accomplished; prosperous; having achieved success; reaching its goal
Pronunciation: mah-lahm-POO-son
Root and affixes: From lampos, to succeed or accomplish something. Kalampusan is the noun success, and malampuson is the adjective successful.
Variants or conjugations: malampuson; malamposon; kalampusan; lampos; milampus
Related words and expressions: success; win; victory; achieve; effort; key; award
Meaning and usage notes: Malampuson describes someone or something successful. For the noun success, use kalampusan.

accomplishedgoalprosperoussuccesssuccessful

Example 1

Malampuson ang ilang proyekto.

Their project was successful.

Example 2

Gusto siya mahimong malampuson nga negosyante.

He wants to become a successful businessperson.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Giingong

Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law Qualities & Descriptions Society & Community Technology & Information

English

alleged; presumedadjective

Alternative meanings: alleged; presumed; supposed; reportedly; claimed but not proven
Pronunciation: gee-EE-ngong
Root and affixes: From ingon, to say. Giingong is used for something said or alleged.
Variants or conjugations: giingong; ginaingon; kuno; gituohan nga; sumala pa
Related words and expressions: say; accused; suspect; case; offense; report; police
Meaning and usage notes: Giingong is common in news writing to keep legal caution. Kuno is more informal, like supposedly or so they say.

accusedallegedlegalpresumedsupposed

Example 1

Gidakop ang giingong suspek sa kaso.

The alleged suspect in the case was arrested.

Example 2

Giimbestigahan pa ang giingong kalapasan.

The alleged violation is still being investigated.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Ilado

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts People & Relationships Qualities & Descriptions Society & Community

English

recognized; well-knownadjective

Alternative meanings: recognized; well-known; famous; notable; known by many people
Pronunciation: ee-LAH-doh
Root and affixes: Related to ila, to know or recognize. Ilado describes someone or something known or recognized.
Variants or conjugations: ilado; inila; nailhan; mailhan; pag-ila
Related words and expressions: know; recognize; known; notable; popular; recognition; reputation
Meaning and usage notes: For recognized in the sense of famous or well-known, ilado is natural. For recognized in the sense of identified, nailhan or mailhan may fit better depending on context.

famousidentifiednotablerecognizedwell-known

Example 1

Ilado siya nga magtutudlo sa among lungsod.

He is a recognized teacher in our town.

Example 2

Ilado ang lugar tungod sa nindot nga baybayon.

The place is known for its beautiful beach.

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