Vocabulario – Page 20

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pun-on

English

to fill; to fill up; to completeverb

Alternative meanings: to fill; to fill up; to complete; to make something full; to occupy a space
Pronunciation: poon-ON
Root and affixes: Comes from puno, meaning full. Pun-on expresses filling something; pun-a is an imperative form; pun-an can mean to add or refill.
Variants or conjugations: full; fill it; add/refill; become full; became filled
Related words and expressions: inside/content; container; water; paper; complete
Meaning and usage notes: For filling a glass, room, or form, pun-on can work. For filling out a form, pun-a ang porma is also natural. For full as an adjective, use puno.

fill, fill up, complete

Example 1

Pun-a ang baso og tubig.

Fill the glass with water.

Example 2

Pun-a ang porma sa imong impormasyon.

Fill out the form with your information.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Modangop

Actions & States Government, Politics & Law Society & Community

English

to resort to; to turn to; to appeal to; to seek helpverb

Alternative meanings: to resort to; to turn to; to seek help; to rely on; to appeal to; to ask for aid
Pronunciation: moh-DAHNG-ohp
Root and affixes: Comes from dangop, meaning resort, refuge, or turning to someone for help. Modangop expresses the action of resorting to or turning to.
Variants or conjugations: resort/refuge; turned to; resort to; appeal; ask for help
Related words and expressions: help; support; appeal; court; solution
Meaning and usage notes: For turning to a person, institution, or resource, modangop works well. For appealing a sentence or legal decision, apelar is the more precise form.

resort to, turn to, appeal

Example 1

Modangop ta sa doktor kung mograbe ang sakit.

We will turn to the doctor if the illness gets worse.

Example 2

Miapelar sila sa mas taas nga hukmanan.

They appealed to a higher court.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Gikan

Actions & States Connectors & Function Words Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

to derive; to come from; to originate fromverb / preposition

Alternative meanings: to derive; to come from; to originate from; to proceed from; to come out of a source
Pronunciation: GEE-kahn
Root and affixes: Gikan means from or since, and can also express origin. Naggikan means comes from or derives from; gigikanan means origin or source.
Variants or conjugations: coming from; came from; origin/source; extraction/origin; refer/pass on
Related words and expressions: origin; source; beginning; cause; refer/pass on
Meaning and usage notes: For derive as to come from or originate, gikan/naggikan works well. For referring a patient or case to another person or department, ipasa or i-refer may be more precise.

derive, come from, originate

Example 1

Kini nga pulong naggikan sa Espanyol.

This word derives from Spanish.

Example 2

Gipasa siya sa laing doktor.

He or she was referred to another doctor.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Ipakita

Actions & States Art, Culture & Entertainment Technology & Information

English

to project; to show; to display on a screenverb

Alternative meanings: to project; to show; to present; to display; to make visible; to show on a screen
Pronunciation: ee-pah-KEE-tah
Root and affixes: Comes from pakita, related to showing or appearing. For project as a noun, use proyekto; for project as plan, use magplano.
Variants or conjugations: show; show on screen; project; plan; project
Related words and expressions: screen; image; video; presentation; plan
Meaning and usage notes: For projecting an image or video, ipakita sa screen or iproject can be understood in modern use. For projecting a plan or future result, magplano, tan-awon daan, or banabanaon may be better depending on context.

project, show, display

Example 1

Ipakita ang hulagway sa screen.

Project the image on the screen.

Example 2

Magplano ta sa sunod nga proyekto.

Let us plan the next project.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Sekso

Basic Vocabulary Body & Health People & Relationships

English

sexnoun

Alternative meanings: Sekso means sex in Cebuano/Bisaya. It can refer to biological sex, male/female category in some contexts, or sexual intercourse depending on the sentence.
Pronunciation: SEK-soh
Root and affixes: Loanword related to sexo/sex. Related forms: seksuwal or sekswal = sexual; sekswalidad = sexuality.
Variants or conjugations: sekso; seks; seksuwal; sekswal; sekswalidad; pakighilawas
Related words and expressions: sex; gender; sexual; sexuality; male; female; health; body
Meaning and usage notes: Sekso can have several meanings. For genre as artistic type or category, matang is better. For woman/man, use babaye and lalaki. For sexual intercourse, pakighilawas can be more specific depending on context.

bodygenderhealthsexsexualsexual educationsexuality

Example 1

Ang sekso usa ka sensitibo nga hilisgutan.

Sex is a sensitive topic.

Example 2

Importante ang edukasyon bahin sa sekso ug panglawas.

Education about sex and health is important.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Takos

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts People & Relationships Society & Community

English

to deserve; worthyverb / adjective

Alternative meanings: to deserve; to be worthy; deserving; to have merit; competent or eligible depending on context
Pronunciation: TAH-kos
Root and affixes: Root: takos. It is also related to pagkatakos, merit or ability, and angay, which can express that something is proper, suitable, or deserved.
Variants or conjugations: angay; takus; pagkatakos; angayan; mahitakos
Related words and expressions: deserve; worth; respect; reward; punishment; opportunity
Meaning and usage notes: Takos works well for to deserve or to be worthy. Angay can sound more like should, proper, or suitable, though it can also express deservingness.

deservemeritopportunityrespectworthy

Example 1

Takos ka sa respeto.

You deserve respect.

Example 2

Takos siya sa ikaduhang higayon.

He or she deserves a second chance.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

konsentrar

Actions & States Education & Learning Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

concentrateverb

Alternative meanings: to concentrate
to focus attention or energy
to gather in one point or center
to make denser, stronger, or purer
Pronunciation: kon-sen-TRAHR
Root and affixes: konsentrar = to concentrate; borrowed from Spanish concentrar; konsentrasyon = concentration; konsentrado = concentrated
Variants or conjugations: konsentrasyon = concentration
konsentrado = concentrated
konsentreyt = to concentrate or focus, modern English loanword
Related words and expressions: sentro = center
tutok = to stare or focus attention
hunahuna = thought
atensyon = attention
Meaning and usage notes: Konsentrar covers concentrating energy, attention, people, or substances. For mental focus in modern speech, konsentreyt may also appear.

attentionconcentratefocusgatherstudy

Example 1

Kinahanglan nako mokonsentrar sa akong trabaho.

I need to concentrate on my work.

Example 2

Gikonsentrar nila ang kusog sa usa ka proyekto.

They concentrated the effort on one project.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Putol

Actions & States Home & Objects Technology & Information

English

to cut; to sever; to cut offverb

Alternative meanings: to cut; to sever; to split; to cut off; to amputate; to interrupt
Pronunciation: POO-tohl
Root and affixes: Root putol. Putlon means to cut something; naputol can mean it was cut off or interrupted. Gunting is used specifically for cutting with scissors.
Variants or conjugations: to cut; was cut/interrupted; cutting; scissors/cut with scissors; slice
Related words and expressions: knife; scissors; rope; hair; line
Meaning and usage notes: For cutting with a knife or separating something, putol/putlon works well. For cutting with scissors, use gunting. For cutting off a call or connection, naputol is also natural.

cut, sever, interrupt

Example 1

Putla ang pisi.

Cut the rope.

Example 2

Naputol ang tawag.

The call got cut off.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Konteksto

Basic Vocabulary Connectors & Function Words Education & Learning Ideas & Abstract Concepts Technology & Information

English

context; circumstance; situationnoun

Alternative meanings: context; circumstance; situation; set of circumstances; framework in which something happens; information around a word, phrase, fact, or idea; surrounding situation that helps explain meaning
Pronunciation: kohn-TEKS-toh
Root and affixes: Modern loanword related to contexto/context. Konteksto is used for the framework, situation, or surrounding information that gives meaning to something.
Variants or conjugations: konteksto = context; sa konteksto sa = in the context of; niini nga konteksto = in this context; gawas sa konteksto = out of context; sitwasyon = situation; kahimtang = condition or state
Related words and expressions: circumstance; context; situation; condition; meaning; event; fact; surroundings
Meaning and usage notes: Use konteksto when talking about the context or set of circumstances that explains something. For everyday situation, sitwasyon or kahimtang may sound more natural depending on the sentence.

circumstancecircumstancescommunicationcontextinterpretationmeaningsituation

Example 1

Importante ang konteksto aron masabtan ang pulong.

Context is important to understand the word.

Example 2

Ayaw kuhaa ang akong gisulti gawas sa konteksto.

Do not take what I said out of context.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

dominar

Actions & States Ideas & Abstract Concepts Society & Community

English

dominateverb

Alternative meanings: to dominate
to control or have power over something
to command or predominate
to master a skill, subject, or language
Pronunciation: doh-mee-NAHR
Root and affixes: dominar = to dominate or control; duminar = Cebuano-adapted variant; kontrol = to control
Variants or conjugations: duminar = to dominate, to hold control over
kontrol = to control
nagmando = commanding or dominating, depending on context
Related words and expressions: mando = to command
kontrol = to control
kamao = to know how
gamhanan = powerful
Meaning and usage notes: Dominar can be used for controlling a situation or person. For mastering a skill or language, kamao or hanas can also be used descriptively, but dominar is understood as a direct loanword.

commandcontroldominatemasterpower

Example 1

Dili siya makadominar sa sitwasyon.

He or she cannot dominate the situation.

Example 2

Gusto ko dominar ang Iningles.

I want to master English.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Motingog

Actions & States Art, Culture & Entertainment Technology & Information

English

to sound; to make a sound; to ringverb

Alternative meanings: to sound; to make a sound; to emit sound; to ring; to resonate; to have a voice
Pronunciation: moh-TEE-ngog
Root and affixes: Comes from tingog, meaning sound or voice. Motingog means to sound or emit sound; patingoga means make it sound.
Variants or conjugations: sound/voice; will sound; make sound; sound/ring; sound
Related words and expressions: voice; alarm; telephone; music; bell
Meaning and usage notes: For sonar as in to seem, such as it sounds good, nindot paminawon is better. For an alarm or bell ringing, motingog or motunog works well.

sound, make a sound, ring

Example 1

Motingog ang alarma sa alas sais.

The alarm will ring at six.

Example 2

Nindot paminawon ang iyang tingog.

His or her voice sounds nice.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Ebidensya

Basic Vocabulary Education & Learning Government, Politics & Law Ideas & Abstract Concepts Society & Community

English

evidence; proofnoun

Alternative meanings: evidence; proof; indication; basis for proving something; information that supports a conclusion
Pronunciation: eh-bee-DEN-syah
Root and affixes: Loanword related to Spanish evidencia. Ebidensiya is also used. It is related to pruweba, proof, and pamatuod, verification or testimony.
Variants or conjugations: ebidensiya; pruweba; pamatuod; kalig-onan; timailhan
Related words and expressions: proof; case; court; prosecutor; argument; truth
Meaning and usage notes: Ebidensya is very useful in legal or investigative contexts. Pruweba can sound more like general proof; kamatuoran focuses more on truth or reality.

caseevidenceinvestigationlawproof

Example 1

Nakit-an sa pulis ang ebidensya sa lugar.

The police found the evidence at the place.

Example 2

Kinahanglan og lig-on nga ebidensya sa kaso.

Strong evidence is needed in the case.

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