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Bisaya · Cebuano

Vocabulary

Learn Bisaya words with meanings, pronunciation, variants, notes, and examples.

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Positibo

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English

positiveadjective / noun

Alternative meanings

positive; favorable; affirmative; optimistic; certain; greater than zero; confirmed result, depending on context

Pronunciation

poh-see-TEE-boh

Root and affixes

Adapted loanword from Spanish positivo. It is the opposite of negatibo, negative. It is also related to piho when the meaning is sure or certain.

Variants or conjugations

positibo; pasitib; piho

Related words and expressions

negatibo = negative; maayo = good; malaumon = optimistic; piho = certain or definite; kumpirmado = confirmed

Meaning and usage notes

Positibo works in everyday, medical, mathematical, and technical contexts. For an optimistic attitude, malaumon can also be used; for good in general, maayo is often more natural.

affirmativefavorableoptimisticpositiveresult
Example 1

Positibo ang iyang panan-aw sa kinabuhi.

His or her outlook on life is positive.

Example 2

Positibo ang resulta sa test.

The test result was positive.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

pahunongon

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English

to stop; to halt; to make stopverb

Alternative meanings

To make something or someone stop moving, continuing, or happening. It can be used for stopping an action, person, vehicle, or process.

Pronunciation

pah-hoo-NOHNG-ohn

Root and affixes

Related to hunong, meaning to stop or stop moving. Pa- and -on indicate making something stop.

Variants or conjugations

pahunongon; hunong; mohunong; gipahunong

Related words and expressions

hunong = to stop; pugong = to restrain / hold back; undang = to cease / stop doing

Meaning and usage notes

“Pahunongon” works for stopping something or making it stop. For “detain/arrest,” “dakpon” may fit depending on context.

haltpausestopverb
Example 1

Pahunongon nato ang awto dinhi.

Let us stop the car here.

Example 2

Gipahunong niya ang dula.

He/She stopped the game.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

interbensyon

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English

interventionnoun

Alternative meanings

The act of intervening, participating, or stepping into a situation to influence, help, correct, or change something.

Pronunciation

in-ter-BEN-syon

Root and affixes

A loanword from Spanish intervención, adapted in Cebuano/Bisaya as interbensyon.

Variants or conjugations

interbensiyon; pag-interbensyon; interbenir

Related words and expressions

intervene; help; care; action; involvement

Meaning and usage notes

Used in social, medical, educational, political, or family contexts. For medical intervention, pag-atiman or pagtambal may fit depending on the case.

Intervention
Example 1

Kinahanglan ang interbensyon sa eskwelahan.

The intervention of the school is needed.

Example 2

Ang sayong interbensyon makatabang sa bata.

Early intervention can help the child.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Huwebes

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English

Thursdayproper noun

Alternative meanings

Thursday; day of the week; day between Wednesday and Friday

Pronunciation

hweh-BES

Root and affixes

Day name borrowed from Spanish jueves and adapted in Bisaya/Cebuano. Cebuano day names usually come from Spanish.

Variants or conjugations

hwebes; huybes; Huwebes; baylo-baylo

Related words and expressions

adlaw = day; semana = week; Miyerkules = Wednesday; Biyernes = Friday; kada Huwebes = every Thursday

Meaning and usage notes

To say on Thursday, use sa Huwebes. For every Thursday, say kada Huwebes or matag Huwebes. Baylo-baylo appears as an archaic form.

calendardatedayThursdayweek
Example 1

Magkita ta sa Huwebes.

We will see each other on Thursday.

Example 2

Naa koy klase kada Huwebes.

I have class every Thursday.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pugos

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English

to force / to imposeverb / noun

Alternative meanings

to force
to oblige
to impose
to compel
to pressure
to make someone do something by force or necessity

Pronunciation

POO-gohs

Root and affixes

Root: pugos = to oblige or force. Some dictionaries show pugus due to spelling or phonetic variation. For imposing a rule or enforcing a regulation, the borrowed form “imponer” may also appear.

Variants or conjugations

pugus = variant
mamugos = to insist / force
napugos = forced / compelled
pugson = will be forced
pagpamugos = insistence / coercion
imponer = to impose / enforce, borrowed form

Related words and expressions

imponer = to impose / enforce
presyon = pressure
pamugos = coercion / insistence
sugo = to order / command uman = to fulfill / obey
mando = command / to command

Meaning and usage notes

Use pugos for forcing, compelling, or imposing something on someone. If you mean imposing a law, rule, or regulation, “imponer” as a loanword or a construction meaning apply/enforce may sound more administrative.

enforcelawpressureruleto compelto forceto imposeto oblige
Example 1

Ayaw siya pugsa kung dili siya ganahan.

Do not force him/her if he/she does not want to.

Example 2

Gipugos nila ang bag-ong balaod.

They imposed the new law.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Hari

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English

king; monarch; sovereignnoun

Alternative meanings

King, male monarch, or sovereign; ruler of a kingdom. It can also refer to someone who dominates or excels greatly at something.

Pronunciation

HAH-ree

Root and affixes

Hari works as a root. Related forms include harian, to rule or reign, and harianon, royal or majestic.

Variants or conjugations

harian = to rule or reign; harianon = royal or majestic; gingharian = kingdom

Related words and expressions

queen, kingdom, monarch, government, power

Meaning and usage notes

Use hari for a literal king. Figuratively, it can describe someone very dominant or the best at an activity.

governmentkingkingdommonarchsovereign
Example 1

Ang hari nagpuyo sa palasyo.

The king lives in the palace.

Example 2

Siya ang hari sa ilang gingharian.

He is the king of their kingdom.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Gugma

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English

love; affection; carenoun

Alternative meanings

A deep feeling of affection, care, tenderness, or attachment toward a person, family, partner, idea, place, or cause.

Pronunciation

GOOG-mah

Root and affixes

Root related to love and affection. It forms words such as higugma, to love or fall in love, and hinigugma, beloved or loved one.

Variants or conjugations

paghigugma; higugma; hinigugma; gugmahanon

Related words and expressions

gihigugma; hinigugma; affection; heart; feeling

Meaning and usage notes

Gugma is the noun for love. To say to love as a verb, forms like higugma or gihigugma are used depending on the sentence structure.

affectioncarefeelingsloverelationships
Example 1

Ang gugma naghatag og kalipay.

Love gives happiness.

Example 2

Dakong gugma ang iyang gibati para sa pamilya.

He/She feels great love for his/her family.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

bayad

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English

payment; to paynoun / verb

Alternative meanings

Money or compensation given for a product, service, debt, or work. It can also refer to the act of paying.

Pronunciation

BAH-yahd

Root and affixes

Root: bayad. It can function as a noun and also form verbs like mobayad, to pay.

Variants or conjugations

bayad; mobayad; gibayad; pagbayad

Related words and expressions

kwarta = money; gasto = expense; presyo = price; suweldo = salary

Meaning and usage notes

“Bayad” is a very common word for payment or to pay. Context shows whether it refers to the money paid or the act of paying.

moneynounpaypaymentverb
Example 1

Pila ang bayad?

How much is the payment?

Example 2

Mobayad ko karon.

I will pay now.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Artistiko

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English

artisticadjective

Alternative meanings

artistic
related to art
creative
having artistic quality
done with artistic style or expression

Pronunciation

ar-TEES-tee-koh

Root and affixes

Related to arte, the word used for art. Artistiko works as a modern adjective for something artistic; diarti or di-arte may also appear with the meaning artistic.

Variants or conjugations

artistiko = artistic
diarti / di-arte = artistic, especially in writing or style
arte = art
artistahon = actor-like or artist-like, depending on context
may arte = with art / with style, depending on context

Related words and expressions

arte = art
artista = artist / actor
paglalang = creation
obra = work / artwork
pasundayag = presentation / show
larawan = image / drawing

Meaning and usage notes

Use artistiko to describe something related to art, a work, a style, a presentation, or a creative form. Diarti may sound more literary or traditional; artistiko is transparent and useful for modern searches.

aestheticartartisticartworkcreativedesignstyle
Example 1

Artistiko kaayo ang iyang disenyo.

His/Her design is very artistic.

Example 2

Ganahan ko sa artistiko nga estilo sa obra.

I like the artistic style of the work.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

kontak

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English

contact; to contactnoun / verb

Alternative meanings

Communication, connection, or a person one has a relationship with; it can also mean to contact or get in touch.

Pronunciation

KON-tak

Root and affixes

A modern loanword from contact/contacto, used in Cebuano/Bisaya. It also appears as kuntak in common usage.

Variants or conjugations

kuntak; makigkontak; kontakta; pakigkontak

Related words and expressions

communication; phone; message; call; connection

Meaning and usage notes

Kontak/kuntak can be used for personal contact, phone contact, or a connection within an organization.

Contact
Example 1

Kontaka ko ugma.

Contact me tomorrow.

Example 2

Daghan siyag kontak sa negosyo.

He/She has many business contacts.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Puluy-anan

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English

dwellingnoun

Alternative meanings

dwelling; residence; home; domicile; inhabited place; lodging

Pronunciation

poo-looy-AH-nahn

Root and affixes

Comes from the root puyo, to live, reside, or stay, with the suffix -anan indicating a place related to the action. Puluy-anan literally means place where one lives.

Variants or conjugations

puy-anan; pinuy-anan; puloy-anan; puluy-anan; mga puluy-anan

Related words and expressions

balay = house or home; puyo = to live or reside; panimalay = household or family home; kwarto = room; apartment = apartment

Meaning and usage notes

Puluy-anan sounds more formal or descriptive for dwelling or residence. For everyday house, balay is the most common word. For family home or household, panimalay may also be used.

domiciledwellinghomehousingresidence
Example 1

Nangita sila og bag-ong puluy-anan.

They are looking for a new place to live.

Example 2

Luwas ug hapsay ang ilang puluy-anan.

Their dwelling is safe and orderly.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Lihok

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English

to act; to move; to function; action; movement; behaviornoun / verb

Alternative meanings

Lihok means action, movement, or to act. It can be used for physically moving, taking action, functioning, behaving, or acting in response to a situation. For acting in a movie, play, or performance, akting or pag-arte may be more specific.

Pronunciation

LEE-hohk

Root and affixes

Verbal and nominal root: lihok. Common forms: molihok = will act/move; milihok = acted/moved; paglihok = action or movement; lihokon = to move something; kalihokan = activity or event.

Variants or conjugations

paglihok; molihok; milihok; lihokon; kalihokan; aksiyon; buhat; akting; pag-arte; artista

Related words and expressions

act; action; movement; move; function; behavior; activity; theater; movie

Meaning and usage notes

Use lihok for acting in the sense of doing something, moving, or responding. Use akting or pag-arte when talking about acting as an actor/actress in film, theater, or a performance.

actactionbehaviorfunctionmovemovementtheater
Example 1

Kinahanglan ta molihok karon.

We need to act now.

Example 2

Ganahan siya mag-akting sa entablado.

He/She likes to act on stage.

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