Vocabulario – Page 70

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pultahan

Basic Vocabulary Places & Geography

English

doornoun

Alternative meanings: door
entrance
access point
threshold
opening used to enter or exit
Pronunciation: pool-TAH-hahn
Root and affixes: From “pulta” plus the suffix “-han,” forming a word for door or place of entry.
Variants or conjugations: purtahan = variant
pwerta = door, borrowed from Spanish
puwerta = variant of pwerta
pulta = door / doorway, related form
Related words and expressions: abli = to open
sirado = closed
ganghaan = gate / entrance / doorway
balay = house
sulod = enter / inside
gawas = exit / outside
Meaning and usage notes: Pultahan is a common form for door. Pwerta/puwerta are also understood through Spanish influence. Ganghaan can sound more like entrance, gate, or access door.

accessdoorentrancegatehouseobjectthreshold

Example 1

Ablihi ang pultahan, palihog.

Open the door, please.

Example 2

Sirado ang pultahan sa balay.

The door of the house is closed.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kabanay

English

relative; family member; kinnoun

Alternative meanings: Relative, family member, or kin; a person connected to another person through family or kinship.
Pronunciation: kah-BAH-nai
Root and affixes: Formed with ka- and banay. Banay relates to family or family group; kabanay means family member or relative.
Variants or conjugations: paryente = relative; kadugo = blood relative; kaliwat = lineage or descendants; banay = family
Related words and expressions: family, relative, blood relative, household, lineage
Meaning and usage notes: Use kabanay for a relative or family member in a general sense. If you want to emphasize blood relation, kadugo can be more specific.

familyfamily memberkinkinshiprelative

Example 1

Daghan akong kabanay sa Cebu.

I have many relatives in Cebu.

Example 2

Miabot ang iyang mga kabanay.

His/Her relatives arrived.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

alkalde

Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law Society & Community

English

mayornoun

Alternative meanings: The main authority of a municipality or city; the person who leads the local government.
Pronunciation: ahl-KAHL-deh
Root and affixes: Borrowed word used as a noun for a local public office.
Variants or conjugations: alkalde; mayor
Related words and expressions: munisipyo = municipality; gobyerno = government; pangulo = leader / head
Meaning and usage notes: “Alkalde” is common for mayor. In bilingual or formal contexts, “mayor” may also appear.

governmentmayormunicipalitynoun

Example 1

Ang alkalde mitabang sa komunidad.

The mayor helped the community.

Example 2

Bag-o ang alkalde sa lungsod.

The city mayor is new.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

ulohang buhatan

Places & Geography Work & Professions

English

headquarters; main office; head officenoun

Alternative meanings: The main place from which an organization, company, or institution is administered; headquarters or main office.
Pronunciation: oo-LO-hang boo-HA-tan
Root and affixes: Ulohan/uloha = main or head; buhatan = workplace or office. Together they express headquarters or main office.
Variants or conjugations: punoang buhatan; opisina; kumandansiya; punong-himpilan
Related words and expressions: office; workplace; company; organization; administration
Meaning and usage notes: For sede as a main office or headquarters, ulohang buhatan is clear. For a local branch or simple office, opisina may be enough.

Headquarters

Example 1

Asa ang ulohang buhatan sa kompanya?

Where is the company headquarters?

Example 2

Ang ulohang buhatan naa sa Cebu.

The headquarters is in Cebu.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Gigikanan

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts Places & Geography

English

origin; source; provenancenoun

Alternative meanings: The place, cause, root, or source from which something comes, begins, or originates. It can refer to the origin of a person, idea, problem, object, or situation.
Pronunciation: gee-gee-KA-nan
Root and affixes: From gikan, to come from or originate from, with a nominal formation indicating the place or source of origin.
Variants or conjugations: sinugdanan; kagikan; punuan; tinubdan
Related words and expressions: from; beginning; source; family; cause
Meaning and usage notes: Gigikanan emphasizes provenance or source. Sinugdanan emphasizes beginning or start. Kagikan can refer to family origin, lineage, or extraction.

causeoriginprovenancerootsource

Example 1

Asa ang imong gigikanan?

Where is your origin from?

Example 2

Kinahanglan nato mahibaloan ang gigikanan sa problema.

We need to know the source of the problem.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

ipadayag

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Technology & Information

English

to reveal; to disclose; to make knownverb

Alternative meanings: To make something visible, public, or known when it was hidden, secret, or unknown.
Pronunciation: ee-pah-DAH-yahg
Root and affixes: Related to dayag, meaning clear, visible, or manifest. Ipa- marks causing something to be shown or made known.
Variants or conjugations: ipadayag; gipadayag; pagpadayag
Related words and expressions: sekreto = secret; impormasyon = information; ipakita = to show
Meaning and usage notes: “Ipadayag” is used for revealing information, a truth, a secret, or something that was not visible before. For developing a photo in the old chemical sense, another expression may be needed.

informationrevealsecretverb

Example 1

Ipadayag niya ang tinuod.

He/She will reveal the truth.

Example 2

Wala pa nila gipadayag ang detalye.

They have not revealed the details yet.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pasalig

Basic Vocabulary Home & Objects Ideas & Abstract Concepts Society & Community

English

commitment / guaranteenoun / verb

Alternative meanings: commitment
promise
guarantee
assurance
pledge
responsibility taken on
Pronunciation: pah-SAH-lig
Root and affixes: Related to “salig,” which expresses trusting, relying on someone, entrusting, or committing. Pasalig can work as commitment, guarantee, or reassurance.
Variants or conjugations: salig = to trust / rely / entrust
saad = promise / vow
misaad = promised
kasabotan = agreement
kompromiso = commitment, borrowed form
Related words and expressions: saad = promise
salig = trust / to trust
kasabotan = agreement
katungdanan = responsibility / duty
minyo = to marry / married
Meaning and usage notes: Use pasalig for commitment, guarantee, assurance, or a serious promise. For engagement before marriage, Cebuano may use constructions with saad or kasabotan depending on context; if marriage is involved, specify it.

agreementassurancecommitmentguaranteepledgepromiseresponsibilitytrust

Example 1

Dako ang iyang pasalig sa trabaho.

His/Her commitment to the work is strong.

Example 2

Nihatag siya og pasalig nga motabang.

He/She gave a commitment to help.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kanser

Body & Health Education & Learning Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

cancernoun

Alternative meanings: cancer; serious disease; abnormal cell growth; malignant tumor, depending on context
Pronunciation: KAN-ser
Root and affixes: Adapted loanword from cancer. In medical contexts it is related to tumor, sakit, and pagtuon sa kanser for oncology.
Variants or conjugations: kanser; cancer; sakit nga kanser
Related words and expressions: sakit = disease; tumor = tumor; doktor = doctor; tambal = medicine or remedy; ospital = hospital; pagtuon sa kanser = oncology
Meaning and usage notes: This entry covers cancer as a disease. It does not refer to the zodiac sign Cancer. Tumor is used for tumor, but not every tumor is necessarily cancer.

cancerdiseasehealthtreatmenttumor

Example 1

Nagpa-checkup siya tungod sa kahadlok sa kanser.

He or she had a checkup because of fear of cancer.

Example 2

Kinahanglan og sayong pagtan-aw ug tambal ang kanser.

Cancer needs early checking and treatment.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Republika

Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law Society & Community

English

republicnoun

Alternative meanings: Republic; a form of government in which public power does not belong to a monarchy and leaders are usually chosen or represented through civic institutions.
Pronunciation: reh-POOB-lee-kah
Root and affixes: A loanword adapted from Spanish república. In Cebuano it is used as a noun for the political system or for naming countries with that form of government.
Variants or conjugations: Republika sa Pilipinas = Republic of the Philippines; estado = state or country; gobyerno = government
Related words and expressions: government, state, nation, politics, law
Meaning and usage notes: Use republika for a republic as a form of government or in official country names. In general country contexts, nasod or estado may sound more natural.

countrygovernmentpoliticsrepublicstate

Example 1

Ang Pilipinas usa ka republika.

The Philippines is a republic.

Example 2

Ang republika adunay kaugalingong gobyerno.

The republic has its own government.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kalikopanhon

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts Nature & Weather Qualities & Descriptions Society & Community

English

environmentaladjective

Alternative meanings: environmental
related to the environment
ecological, depending on context
related to surroundings
related to nature
Pronunciation: kah-lee-koh-PAHN-hohn
Root and affixes: From kalikopan, meaning environment, surroundings, or atmosphere. Kalikopanhon works as an adjective for something environmental.
Variants or conjugations: kalikopanhon = environmental
makakalikopan = environmental / related to the environment
kalikopan = environment / surroundings
kinaiyahan = nature / natural environment
epekto sa kinaiyahan = environmental effect, depending on context
Related words and expressions: kalikopan = environment / surroundings
kinaiyahan = nature
panahon = weather / time
kadaot = damage
polusyon = pollution
proteksyon = protection
Meaning and usage notes: Use kalikopanhon for environmental topics, environmental impact, environmental issues, or matters related to the surroundings. For nature as the natural world, kinaiyahan is also common.

climateecologicalenvironmentenvironmentalnaturepollutionsurroundings

Example 1

Importante ang kalikopanhon nga proteksyon.

Environmental protection is important.

Example 2

Gihisgutan nila ang kalikopanhon nga kadaot.

They discussed the environmental damage.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kilometro

Basic Vocabulary Numbers & Quantities Places & Geography Travel & Transportation

English

kilometer; kilometre; unit of distance equal to 1,000 metersnoun / unit of measurement

Alternative meanings: Kilometro means kilometer or kilometre. It is a metric unit of distance equal to 1,000 meters. It is used for travel, roads, maps, transportation, distances, exercise, and measurements.
Pronunciation: kee-loh-MET-roh
Root and affixes: Borrowed from Spanish kilómetro and adapted in Cebuano/Bisaya as kilometro. Common plural: kilometros. International abbreviation: km.
Variants or conjugations: kilometro; kilometros; kilómetro; kilómetros; km; usa ka kilometro; pila ka kilometro
Related words and expressions: distance; meter; measurement; road; travel; transportation; map; route
Meaning and usage notes: In everyday writing, it often appears without an accent as kilometro. To ask distance, say Pila ka kilometro? = How many kilometers?

distancekilometerkilometremeasurementmetertransportationtravel

Example 1

Lima ka kilometro ang gilay-on.

The distance is five kilometers.

Example 2

Pila ka kilometro gikan diri?

How many kilometers is it from here?

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

gasto

Basic Vocabulary Economy & Business

English

expense; costnoun

Alternative meanings: Money that is used or paid for something. It can refer to a cost, payment, consumption, or money going out.
Pronunciation: GAHS-toh
Root and affixes: Borrowed word used as a noun. It is also related to verb forms like “mogasto,” to spend.
Variants or conjugations: gasto; galastuhan
Related words and expressions: bayad = payment; presyo = price; kwarta = money; mogasto = to spend
Meaning and usage notes: “Gasto” is common for expense or cost. For plural expenses or regular expenses, “galastuhan” may also appear.

costexpensemoneynoun

Example 1

Dako kaayo ang gasto karon.

Today's expense is very big.

Example 2

Kinahanglan nato kontrolon ang gasto.

We need to control the expense.

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