Vocabulario – Page 68

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pag-uswag

English

progress; advancement; forward movementnoun

Alternative meanings: Progress, advancement, or forward movement; the action or result of moving ahead, improving, or developing toward a goal.
Pronunciation: pag-OOS-wag
Root and affixes: From the root uswag, related to advancing, progressing, or improving. With pag-, it forms an action/process noun: pag-uswag.
Variants or conjugations: uswag = to advance or progress; kauswagan = progress or prosperity; kalamboan = development; pauswag = to improve or develop
Related words and expressions: advance, development, progress, growth, goal
Meaning and usage notes: Use pag-uswag for general progress or advancement. For social, economic, or personal development, kalamboan or kauswagan may also fit depending on context.

advanceadvancementdevelopmentimprovementprogress

Example 1

Dakong pag-uswag ang ilang nahimo.

They made great progress.

Example 2

Nakita ang pag-uswag sa proyekto.

The progress of the project was seen.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Representante

Government, Politics & Law People & Relationships Society & Community

English

representative; delegate; spokespersonnoun

Alternative meanings: A person who speaks, acts, negotiates, or makes decisions on behalf of another person, group, company, community, or institution.
Pronunciation: reh-preh-sen-TAN-teh
Root and affixes: Borrowed from Spanish representante. Related to representar, to act or speak on behalf of others.
Variants or conjugations: tinugyanan; delegado; tigrepresentar; kongresista
Related words and expressions: represent; group; organization; congress; rights
Meaning and usage notes: Representante can be political, commercial, legal, or organizational. Tinugyanan emphasizes someone entrusted or delegated by others.

delegateorganizationpoliticsrepresentativespokesperson

Example 1

Siya ang representante sa among grupo.

He/She is the representative of our group.

Example 2

Nakig-istorya ang representante sa kompaniya.

The company representative spoke.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kompleto

Actions & States Ideas & Abstract Concepts Qualities & Descriptions

English

completeadjective / verb

Alternative meanings: complete; full; whole; finished; with all parts; to complete, depending on context
Pronunciation: kom-PLEH-toh
Root and affixes: Adapted loanword from Spanish completo. It can work as an adjective and also as a verb meaning to complete. Kompletohon means to complete something.
Variants or conjugations: kompleto; kompletohon; nakompleto; tibuok; bug-os; hingpit; tiwas
Related words and expressions: tibuok = whole or complete; bug-os = whole or entire; tiwas = finished; hingpit = full or perfect; kulang = lacking or incomplete
Meaning and usage notes: Kompleto is the direct form for complete. For whole or entire, tibuok may sound more natural. For finished or done, tiwas may be more precise.

completefinishedfulltotalwhole

Example 1

Kompleto na ang lista.

The list is already complete.

Example 2

Kinahanglan nato kompletohon ang dokumento.

We need to complete the document.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Organisar

Actions & States Home & Objects Ideas & Abstract Concepts Society & Community

English

to organizeverb

Alternative meanings: to organize
to arrange
to coordinate
to prepare
to form an organization
to put something into order or structure
Pronunciation: or-gah-nee-SAHR
Root and affixes: Borrowed from Spanish “organizar,” adapted in Cebuano as organisar. It is used for arranging, coordinating, planning, or forming something in a structured way.
Variants or conjugations: organisado = organized
organisasyon = organization
mag-organisar = to organize / organizing
giorganisar = was organized
han-ay = order / arrange / arrangement
Related words and expressions: han-ay = order / to arrange
andam = to prepare
plano = plan
kalihokan = event / activity
grupo = group
trabaho = work / job
Meaning and usage notes: Use organisar for organizing events, groups, tasks, documents, or plans. If you only mean arranging physical things neatly, han-ay may also fit very well.

arrangecoordinateeventorganizationorganizeplanpreparestructure

Example 1

Mag-organisar mi og gamay nga kalihokan.

We will organize a small event.

Example 2

Kinahanglan nato nga organisaron ang mga dokumento.

We need to organize the documents.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Dagat

Basic Vocabulary Nature & Weather Places & Geography Travel & Transportation

English

sea / oceannoun

Alternative meanings: sea
ocean
seawater
coast or beach, depending on context
large body of salt water
Pronunciation: DAH-gaht
Root and affixes: Root: dagat = sea or ocean. Related forms include kadagatan, dagatnon, mananagat, and panagat.
Variants or conjugations: dagat = sea / ocean
kadagatan = seas / ocean / deep waters
lawod = deep sea / open sea
dagaton = to get seasick
dagatnon = marine / related to the sea
tubig dagat = seawater
Related words and expressions: baybayon = beach / coast
isla = island
bangka = boat
mananagat = fisherman
panagat = sea fishing
balod = wave
Meaning and usage notes: Use dagat for sea, ocean, or a large body of salt water. Lawod is more often used for the deep sea or open sea. Kadagatan can sound broader or plural.

beachcoastnatureoceanseaseawatertravel

Example 1

Nindot kaayo ang dagat karon.

The sea is very beautiful today.

Example 2

Duol ang among balay sa dagat.

Our house is near the sea.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Trabaho

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Economy & Business Work & Professions

English

to work; work; job; employmentverb / noun

Alternative meanings: To work; to do a job; also work, job, or employment depending on context.
Pronunciation: trah-BAH-hoh
Root and affixes: Established Spanish loanword used naturally in Cebuano/Bisaya.
Variants or conjugations: pagtrabaho; nagtrabaho; motrabaho
Related words and expressions: buhat; panarbaho; office; company; labor
Meaning and usage notes: As a verb it often appears as pagtrabaho, nagtrabaho, or motrabaho. As a noun, trabaho means work or job.

basic wordscompanyemploymentjobto workverbwork

Example 1

Motrabaho ko ugma.

I will work tomorrow.

Example 2

Nangita siya ug trabaho.

He/She is looking for a job.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Reperensya

Basic Vocabulary Education & Learning Technology & Information

English

reference; source; recommendationnoun

Alternative meanings: Reference; a source, citation, mention, or recommendation used to consult, verify, or connect information with something else.
Pronunciation: reh-peh-REN-syah
Root and affixes: A loanword adapted from referencia/reference. In Cebuano it is used as a noun in academic, work, technical, and everyday contexts.
Variants or conjugations: referensya = spelling variant; tinubdan = source or origin; sumbanan = model or reference
Related words and expressions: source, citation, information, document, list
Meaning and usage notes: Use reperensya for a bibliographic, work, technical, or verifying reference. For source or origin, tinubdan may sound more natural.

citationdocumentinformationreferencesource

Example 1

Ibutang ang reperensya sa ubos sa pahina.

Put the reference at the bottom of the page.

Example 2

Nangita ko og reperensya para sa akong report.

I am looking for a reference for my report.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Ahensiya

Economy & Business Government, Politics & Law Work & Professions

English

agencynoun

Alternative meanings: agency; office; service company; institution; intermediary; pawnshop, depending on context
Pronunciation: ah-HEN-see-yah
Root and affixes: Adapted loanword from Spanish agencia. It also appears as ahensya in common spelling. It is related to ahente, agent or intermediary.
Variants or conjugations: ahensiya; ahensya; agencia
Related words and expressions: ahente = agent; opisina = office; negosyo = business; institusyon = institution; serbisyo = service; pawnshop = pawnshop
Meaning and usage notes: Ahensiya can refer to a government agency, travel agency, employment agency, security agency, or intermediary business. In some contexts it can also mean pawnshop.

agencybusinessinstitutionofficeservice

Example 1

Niadto siya sa ahensiya sa pagbiyahe.

He or she went to the travel agency.

Example 2

Ang ahensiya nangita og bag-ong empleyado.

The agency is looking for a new employee.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

kliyente

Basic Vocabulary Economy & Business People & Relationships

English

client; customernoun

Alternative meanings: A person who buys, hires, or receives a product or service from a company, professional, or business.
Pronunciation: klee-YEN-teh
Root and affixes: Borrowed word used as a noun in business, service, and work contexts.
Variants or conjugations: kliyente; cliente
Related words and expressions: kostumer = customer / buyer; pumapalit = buyer; negosyo = business
Meaning and usage notes: “Kliyente” is common for client, especially in professional services. “Kostumer” is also used for customer or buyer in business.

businessclientcustomernounservice

Example 1

Naa koy kliyente karon.

I have a client today.

Example 2

Importante ang respeto sa kliyente.

Respect for the client is important.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

teknolohikal

Education & Learning Technology & Information

English

technologicaladjective

Alternative meanings: Related to technology, technical systems, computing, or the practical application of science.
Pronunciation: tek-no-lo-HEE-kal
Root and affixes: Derived from teknolohiya = technology. A modern adjective form used for technological.
Variants or conjugations: teknolohikanhon; may kalabotan sa teknolohiya
Related words and expressions: technology; computer; information; system; science
Meaning and usage notes: It can also be expressed as may kalabotan sa teknolohiya, literally related to technology, when a more explanatory phrasing is preferred.

Technological

Example 1

Importante ang teknolohikal nga pag-uswag.

Technological progress is important.

Example 2

Nangita sila og teknolohikal nga solusyon.

They are looking for a technological solution.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pista

Art, Culture & Entertainment Basic Vocabulary Society & Community Time & Calendar

English

festival / fiestanoun / verb

Alternative meanings: festival
fiesta
community celebration
holiday
patron saint feast
festive banquet
Pronunciation: PEES-tah
Root and affixes: A loanword related to Spanish “fiesta.” In Cebuano it is used for religious, community, or public celebrations, especially patron saint fiestas.
Variants or conjugations: fiesta = Spanish form, also understood
adlaw-pista = festival day / fiesta day
pista sa baryo = village fiesta
pista sa patron = patron saint feast
festival = festival, modern borrowed form
Related words and expressions: saulog = celebration / to celebrate
kasadya = joy / celebration
parada = parade
kalihokan = event / activity
kumbira = banquet / feast
Meaning and usage notes: Pista usually refers to a community or religious fiesta, especially the annual celebration of a town or village. For modern film, music, or art festivals, festival or pasundayag may also fit depending on context.

celebrationcommunitycultureeventfestivalfiestaholidaypatron saint feast

Example 1

Dako kaayo ang pista sa among baryo.

The festival in our village is very big.

Example 2

Daghan og bisita atol sa pista.

There are many visitors during the fiesta.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Bayrus

Basic Vocabulary Body & Health Technology & Information

English

virusnoun

Alternative meanings: Virus; a microscopic infectious agent that can cause disease. It can also refer to malicious software or a computer virus.
Pronunciation: BAY-roos
Root and affixes: A loanword adapted from English virus. In everyday writing it may also appear directly as virus.
Variants or conjugations: virus = common international form; bayrus = adapted form; takod = related infection or contagion
Related words and expressions: disease, infection, contagion, computer, malware
Meaning and usage notes: Use bayrus for biological viruses and also in technology. In medical or technical texts, virus is also widely understood.

computerhealthinfectionmalwarevirus

Example 1

Ang bayrus dali ra mokaylap kung dili mag-amping.

The virus can spread easily if people are not careful.

Example 2

Naay bayrus ang kompyuter.

The computer has a virus.

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