Vocabulario – Page 87

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

kapunongan

English

association / organization / societynoun

Alternative meanings: An organized group of people joined by a shared interest, purpose, profession, or activity.
Pronunciation: kah-poo-NOH-ngahn
Root and affixes: From the root punong, with the ka-...-an pattern forming a collective or group noun.
Variants or conjugations: asosasyon, organisasyon
Related words and expressions: group, club, society, guild, organization
Meaning and usage notes: Kapunongan is used for an association, organization, society, club, or formal group. Asosasyon is also understood as a modern loanword.

associationcommunityorganizationsociety

Example 1

Miyembro siya sa kapunongan sa mga magtutudlo.

He/She is a member of the teachers association.

Example 2

Nagtukod sila og kapunongan sa komunidad.

They formed an association in the community.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pagtaod

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Home & Objects Technology & Information

English

installation / installingnoun

Alternative meanings: installation
installing
mounting
setting up
putting something in place
Pronunciation: pag-TAH-od
Root and affixes: Root: taod, meaning to install, attach, or put something in place. With the prefix pag-, pagtaod names the act or process of installing.
Variants or conjugations: taod = to install / attach / place
pagtaod = installation / act of installing
motaod = will install / is going to install
nagtaod = installed / is installing
gitaod = was installed / placed
instalar = to install, Spanish loanword
instalasyon = installation, technical loanword
Related words and expressions: kable = cable
aparato = device / apparatus
sistema = system
kompyuter = computer
kuryente = electricity
Meaning and usage notes: Use pagtaod for physical or technical installation: air conditioner, cable, app, equipment, or system. In very technical contexts, instalasyon may also appear.

equipmentinstallationinstallingsetupsystemtechnology

Example 1

Dugay ang pagtaod sa bag-ong aircon.

The installation of the new air conditioner took a long time.

Example 2

Human na ang pagtaod sa sistema.

The system installation is already finished.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Sala

Basic Vocabulary Home & Objects

English

living roomnoun

Alternative meanings: living room; sitting room; reception room; room for guests or relaxing
Pronunciation: SAH-lah
Root and affixes: Loanword from Spanish sala. In Cebuano, stress helps distinguish sála as living room from salà, which can mean fault, sin, or guilt.
Variants or conjugations: sála; risibidor
Related words and expressions: balay = house; kuwarto = room or bedroom; kusina = kitchen; lingkuranan = seat or chair
Meaning and usage notes: This entry uses sala in the sense of living room. Do not confuse it with salà, which can mean fault, sin, or guilt, or with sálà, which can mean to strain or filter liquids.

homeliving roomreception roomsitting room

Example 1

Naa siya sa sala.

He or she is in the living room.

Example 2

Naglingkod ang mga bisita sa sala.

The guests are sitting in the living room.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

mata

Basic Vocabulary Body & Health

English

eyenoun

Alternative meanings: eyes; organ of sight; can also refer to an opening or eye-like point
Pronunciation: MAH-tah
Root and affixes: Root: mata = eye / eyes. Mata can also be a verb meaning to wake up, depending on context.
Variants or conjugations: mga mata = eyes; tawutawu sa mata = pupil; mat-an = having eyes / alert / shrewd
Related words and expressions: puklat = eye / open the eyes
tawutawu sa mata = pupil
tagimata = eye infection
Meaning and usage notes: Mata can mean eye or eyes; number is understood from context or with the plural marker mga. Do not confuse it with mata as a verb meaning to wake up.

basic vocabularybodyeyeeyes

Example 1

Sakit ang akong mata.

My eye hurts.

Example 2

Piyonga ang imong mga mata.

Close your eyes.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Sa pagkakaron

Connectors & Function Words Time & Calendar

English

currentlyadverb

Alternative meanings: At this time or during the present period; currently.
Pronunciation: sah pag-kah-KAH-ron
Root and affixes: Expression formed with “sa” + “pagkakaron,” related to “karon” (now).
Variants or conjugations: karon; pagkakaron
Related words and expressions: now; right now; until now; nowadays
Meaning and usage notes: “Sa pagkakaron” is closer to “currently/for now”; “karon” is broader and can mean now, today, or currently depending on context.

adverbsnowpresenttime

Example 1

Sa pagkakaron, naa ko sa balay.

Currently, I am at home.

Example 2

Sa pagkakaron, wala pa koy tubag.

Currently, I still do not have an answer.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

sunod

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Connectors & Function Words Time & Calendar

English

next / following / to followadjective / verb

Alternative meanings: Coming after in time, order, or sequence; also to follow, obey, or go after someone or something.
Pronunciation: SOO-nod
Root and affixes: Cebuano root related to following, coming after, or being in the next position.
Variants or conjugations: sundan, misunod, masunod, pagsunod
Related words and expressions: then, after, afterward, list, line
Meaning and usage notes: Sunod can mean next or following, as in sunod semana, and also to follow or obey, as in sunod sa balaod.

basicnextordertime

Example 1

Ikaw ang sunod sa linya.

You are next in line.

Example 2

Sunod semana magkita ta.

We will meet next week.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Halos

Basic Vocabulary Connectors & Function Words Time & Calendar

English

barely / hardlyadverb

Alternative meanings: barely
hardly
almost not
by a small margin
almost, depending on context
Pronunciation: HAH-lohs
Root and affixes: Base form: halos. It is used as an adverb to express almost, barely, or hardly, especially with negation or expressions of small amount.
Variants or conjugations: halos = barely / almost / hardly
halos wala = almost nothing / barely anything
halos dili = almost not / hardly
dili hapit = barely / hardly, depending on context
bag-o lang = just / just recently
bag-ohay lang = recently / a little while ago
Related words and expressions: hapit = almost / near
lang = only / just, depending on context
wala = nothing / none
dili = not
bag-o = new / recent
gamay = little / small
Meaning and usage notes: Use halos when apenas means barely, hardly, or almost not. If apenas means just recently, use bag-o lang. If it means as soon as, it usually needs a temporal phrase depending on the sentence.

adverbalmost notbarelyhardlyjust recentlylittletime

Example 1

Halos dili nako siya madungog.

I can barely hear him/her.

Example 2

Bag-o lang siya miabot.

He/She just arrived.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

ehersisyo

Basic Vocabulary Body & Health

English

exercise; practicenoun

Alternative meanings: A physical activity to train the body or a practice activity used to learn or improve a skill.
Pronunciation: eh-her-SEES-yoh
Root and affixes: Borrowed word used as a noun. It can also be used in school, training, or health contexts.
Variants or conjugations: ehersisyo; exercise
Related words and expressions: praktis = practice; lihok = movement; lawas = body
Meaning and usage notes: “Ehersisyo” can refer to physical exercise or practice exercises. Context makes the meaning clear.

exercisehealthnounpractice

Example 1

Mag-ehersisyo ko kada buntag.

I exercise every morning.

Example 2

Lisod kini nga ehersisyo sa klase.

This class exercise is difficult.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Korte

Government, Politics & Law Places & Geography

English

courtnoun

Alternative meanings: tribunal; law court; courthouse; judicial court
Pronunciation: KOR-teh
Root and affixes: Loanword related to court. For a court of justice in a more descriptive way, hukmanan is also used, from hukom, to judge or judge.
Variants or conjugations: hukmanan; husgado; tribunal
Related words and expressions: hukom = judge or to judge; balaod = law; kaso = case; husgado = courthouse or court
Meaning and usage notes: Korte is common for court or tribunal. Hukmanan is more specific for court of justice. Tribunal can also be understood as a formal loanword.

courtcourthouselawtribunal

Example 1

Moadto siya sa korte ugma.

He or she will go to court tomorrow.

Example 2

Ang hukmanan modungog sa kaso.

The court will hear the case.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

bisita

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

to visitverb

Alternative meanings: visit; visitor; to go see a person or place
Pronunciation: bee-SEE-tah
Root and affixes: Root: bisita = to visit / visit / visitor. Borrowed from Spanish visita.
Variants or conjugations: mobisita = to visit / will visit; bisitahon = to visit someone; pagbisita = visit / act of visiting
Related words and expressions: duaw = to visit / visit
panumbalay = house-to-house visiting
bisita = visitor / guest
Meaning and usage notes: Bisita can work as a verb, a noun for the act of visiting, or a visitor/guest. As a verb, context or affixes show who visits and whom they visit.

actionsto visitvisitvisitor

Example 1

Mobisita ko sa akong amigo ugma.

I will visit my friend tomorrow.

Example 2

Daghan ang bisita sa balay karon.

There are many visitors at the house today.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Tinukod

Basic Vocabulary Home & Objects Places & Geography

English

building / structurenoun

Alternative meanings: building
construction
structure
edifice
built structure
Pronunciation: tee-NOO-kod
Root and affixes: Related to the root tukod, which expresses building, establishing, or raising a structure. Tinukod is used as a noun for something built.
Variants or conjugations: tukod = to build / establish
pagtukod = construction / act of building
nagtukod = built / is building
gitukod = was built
tinukod = structure / building
Related words and expressions: balay = house
eskwelahan = school
opisina = office
tindahan = store
lugar = place
Meaning and usage notes: Use tinukod for a building, structure, or construction. For a specific house, balay is usually more direct.

buildingcityconstructionhouseplacestructure

Example 1

Taas ang tinukod sa siyudad.

The building in the city is tall.

Example 2

Bag-o pa nga gitukod ang tinukod.

The building was built recently.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

sayon

Basic Vocabulary Qualities & Descriptions

English

easy; simpleadjective

Alternative meanings: Something that is not difficult and can be done, understood, or solved without much effort.
Pronunciation: SAH-yohn
Root and affixes: Simple form used as an adjective. It can describe tasks, questions, roads, or situations.
Variants or conjugations: sayon; sayun
Related words and expressions: lisod = difficult; simple = simple; dali = fast / easy depending on context
Meaning and usage notes: “Sayon” is used for easy or simple. In some contexts, “dali” may sound like easy, but it usually means fast.

adjectivedescriptioneasysimple

Example 1

Sayon ra kini nga pangutana.

This question is easy.

Example 2

Dili sayon ang trabaho, pero kaya ra.

The work is not easy, but it can be done.

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