Vocabulario – Page 84

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Doktor

English

doctor; physicianNoun

Alternative meanings: doctor; physician; health professional; person who treats or cares for patients
Pronunciation: DOK-tor
Root and affixes: Adapted loanword used in Cebuano/Bisaya for doctor or physician.
Variants or conjugations: mananambal; magtatambal; siruhano; hospital doctor; family doctor
Related words and expressions: medicine; hospital; clinic; patient; illness; operation; healer
Meaning and usage notes: Doktor is the direct modern form for medical doctor. Mananambal can also mean physician or healer, and siruhano is used for surgeon. For an academic doctor, context may be needed.

basic vocabularydoctorhealthhospitalpersonphysicianprofession

Example 1

Moadto ko sa doktor ugma.

I will go to the doctor tomorrow.

Example 2

Ang doktor mitambal sa pasyente.

The doctor treated the patient.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Sakyanan

Home & Objects Travel & Transportation

English

vehiclenoun

Alternative meanings: car; vehicle; means of transportation; conveyance for people or objects
Pronunciation: sahk-YAH-nahn
Root and affixes: Comes from the root sakay, to ride, board, or travel, with the suffix -anan indicating something related to the action: what is ridden or used for transport.
Variants or conjugations: salakyanan; behikulo
Related words and expressions: sakay = to ride or travel; kotse = car; dalan = road or street; panakyanan = transportation
Meaning and usage notes: Sakyanan can refer to a vehicle in general, but in everyday use it often means car. For a more formal or technical term, behikulo may also appear.

carconveyancetransportationvehicle

Example 1

Bag-o ang iyang sakyanan.

His or her vehicle is new.

Example 2

Daghan kaayong sakyanan sa dalan.

There are many vehicles on the road.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Hulyo

Time & Calendar

English

Julynoun

Alternative meanings: The seventh month of the year.
Pronunciation: HOOL-yoh
Root and affixes: Adapted from Spanish “julio”; used as the month name in Cebuano/Bisaya.
Variants or conjugations: hulyo; Kabay; Hidapdapan
Related words and expressions: month; year; June; August
Meaning and usage notes: As a month name, it is usually written with an initial capital letter. It may also appear lowercase as “hulyo”.

calendarmonthstime

Example 1

Hulyo na karon.

It is July now.

Example 2

Sa Hulyo mi mobiyahe.

We will travel in July.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Abirids

Basic Vocabulary Education & Learning Numbers & Quantities

English

average; meannoun

Alternative meanings: Average or mean; the usual value obtained by comparing or calculating several quantities, grades, or results.
Pronunciation: ah-BEE-rids
Root and affixes: Loanword from English average, adapted into Bisaya usage as abirids.
Variants or conjugations: average = direct loanword; kasagaran = usually / generally, not exactly a mathematical average
Related words and expressions: statistics, grade, mark, quantity, usual
Meaning and usage notes: Useful for school grades, statistics, or usual quantities. In technical contexts, average may also appear as a direct loanword.

averagegradesmeanquantitiesstatistics

Example 1

Otsenta ang akong abirids sa klase.

My average in class is eighty.

Example 2

Unsa ang abirids nga halin kada adlaw?

What is the average sales per day?

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

nakagawas

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

gone out; has left; got outparticiple / adjective

Alternative meanings: Indicates that someone or something has already gone out, managed to get out, or is outside a place. It is related to the verb to leave or go out.
Pronunciation: nah-kah-GAH-wahs
Root and affixes: Related to gawas, meaning outside or to go out. Na- marks a completed or achieved action in this context.
Variants or conjugations: nakagawas; nigawas; migawas
Related words and expressions: gawas = outside / to go out; mogawas = to go out; sulod = to enter / inside
Meaning and usage notes: “Nakagawas” works for “has gone out” or “managed to get out.” If Spanish “salido” is used colloquially for someone overly forward or lewd, a separate entry with another meaning is better.

go outleftmovementparticiple

Example 1

Nakagawas na siya sa balay.

He/She has already left the house.

Example 2

Nakagawas ang iro sa gate.

The dog got out through the gate.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

balita

Basic Vocabulary Technology & Information

English

newsnoun

Alternative meanings: news item; report; recent information; update
Pronunciation: bah-LEE-tah
Root and affixes: Root: balita = news / report. It also works as a verb root for reporting or telling news.
Variants or conjugations: mga balita = news items; ibalita = to report / announce news; gibalita = was reported; mobalita = to report
Related words and expressions: maayong balita = good news
dautan nga balita = bad news
bag-ong balita = new/latest news
notisya = notice
Meaning and usage notes: Balita can refer to one news item or news in general. For “noticia” as a formal notice, notisya may appear, but balita is the common word for news.

informationnewsreportupdate

Example 1

Nakadungog ka na ba sa balita?

Have you heard the news yet?

Example 2

Maayo ang balita gikan sa iyang pamilya.

The news from his family is good.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

tubag

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Technology & Information

English

to answer / to respond / answerverb / noun

Alternative meanings: To give a reply to a question, message, or situation; also used as a noun meaning answer or response.
Pronunciation: TOO-bahg
Root and affixes: Cebuano root for answering, replying, or giving a response. It can form variants such as motubag, mitubag, tubaga, and pagtubag.
Variants or conjugations: motubag, mitubag, tubaga, pagtubag, panubag
Related words and expressions: question, message, letter, reaction, response
Meaning and usage notes: Tubag can be both a verb and a noun. Motubag ko means I will answer; ang tubag means the answer.

answercommunicationreplyrespond

Example 1

Motubag ko sa imong pangutana.

I will answer your question.

Example 2

Unsa ang imong tubag?

What is your answer?

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Krimen

Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law Society & Community

English

crime / offensenoun

Alternative meanings: crime
offense
criminal offense
act punishable by law
serious wrongdoing, depending on context
Pronunciation: KREE-men
Root and affixes: Adapted loanword related to crime. It is used as a noun for a crime or criminal act.
Variants or conjugations: krimen = crime / offense
kriminal = criminal / offender
kasal-anan = crime / guilt / wrongdoing
sala = fault / offense / sin / guilt
paglapas = violation / offense
Related words and expressions: balaod = law
pulis = police
korte = court
paghukom = judgment / trial
silot = punishment
Meaning and usage notes: Use krimen for a crime or offense in the legal sense. Sala can also mean fault, guilt, or offense, but it is broader and may be moral or religious.

courtcrimelawoffensepolicewrongdoing

Example 1

Dako nga krimen ang pagpangawat.

Stealing is a serious crime.

Example 2

Giimbestigahan sa pulis ang krimen.

The police investigated the crime.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Paningkamot

Actions & States Ideas & Abstract Concepts Work & Professions

English

effort; endeavor; to strivenoun / verb

Alternative meanings: The act of trying to achieve something with dedication, work, energy, or perseverance. It can also express striving or working toward a goal.
Pronunciation: pa-ning-KA-mot
Root and affixes: Related to singkamot, to strive for something. Paningkamot can work as a noun and as a verbal action depending on context.
Variants or conjugations: paningkamut; maningkamot; naningkamot; paninguha
Related words and expressions: work; purpose; diligence; study; success
Meaning and usage notes: Paningkamot is used for personal effort, endeavor, struggle, or dedication to achieve something. For hard physical labor, kahago may also appear.

dedicationeffortendeavorverbswork

Example 1

Ang kalampusan nagkinahanglan og paningkamot.

Success requires effort.

Example 2

Naningkamot siya aron makapasar.

He/She made an effort to pass.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kompetisyon

Basic Vocabulary Economy & Business Ideas & Abstract Concepts Society & Community

English

competition; contest; rivalry; competence depending on contextnoun

Alternative meanings: Kompetisyon means competition, contest, or rivalry between people, teams, businesses, or participants. When Spanish competencia means ability, skill, or professional competence, katakos is the better related Cebuano word.
Pronunciation: kom-peh-tee-SYON
Root and affixes: Borrowed form used in Cebuano/Bisaya. Related to kompetensya and makigkompetensya. For ability or capability: katakos, from takos.
Variants or conjugations: kompetensya; kompetisyón; makigkompetensya; katakos; takos
Related words and expressions: competition; contest; rivalry; competitor; ability; competence; skill
Meaning and usage notes: Spanish competencia has two common meanings: competition/rivalry and competence/ability. This entry uses kompetisyon as the main competition/rivalry meaning and keeps katakos for ability or professional competence.

abilitybusinesscompetencecompetitioncontestrivalryskill

Example 1

Apil ko sa kompetisyon ugma.

I will join the competition tomorrow.

Example 2

Dako ang kompetisyon sa negosyo.

There is a lot of competition in the business.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Hunyo

Time & Calendar

English

Junenoun

Alternative meanings: The sixth month of the year.
Pronunciation: HOON-yoh
Root and affixes: Adapted from Spanish “junio”; used as the month name in Cebuano/Bisaya.
Related words and expressions: month; year; May; July
Meaning and usage notes: As a month name, it is usually written with an initial capital letter.

calendarmonthstime

Example 1

Hunyo na karon.

It is June now.

Example 2

Sa Hunyo magsugod ang klase.

Classes start in June.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

presyon

Body & Health Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

pressurenoun

Alternative meanings: force applied to something; physical pressure; social, mental, or emotional pressure; urgency or demand
Pronunciation: prees-YON
Root and affixes: Borrowed from Spanish presión. Root/form: presyon = pressure.
Variants or conjugations: presyur = variant borrowed from English pressure; presyon sa dugo = blood pressure
Related words and expressions: presyon sa dugo = blood pressure
stress = stress
pugos = force / obligation / pressure to do something
Meaning and usage notes: Presyon is used for physical, medical, or social pressure. In everyday speech, presyur may also appear, especially under English influence.

blood pressurehealthpressurestress

Example 1

Taas ang iyang presyon sa dugo.

His blood pressure is high.

Example 2

Dako kaayo ang presyon sa trabaho karon.

The pressure at work is very high right now.

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