Vocabulario – Page 9

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Ipasangil

English

to attribute; to impute; to blameverb

Alternative meanings: To attribute an action, mistake, blame, cause, or responsibility to someone or something. It can sound accusatory when used with mistakes or blame.
Pronunciation: ee-pa-SAN-gil
Root and affixes: Verb form related to pasangil, the idea of accusing, imputing, or placing responsibility on someone.
Variants or conjugations: ipasangil; gipasangil; pasangil; ipahinungod
Related words and expressions: fault; responsibility; cause; accuse; blame; give
Meaning and usage notes: Ipasangil works well for attributing blame or responsibility. For attributing credit, merit, or authorship in a neutral way, a construction such as ihatag ang kredito or ipahinungod may fit better depending on context.

accusationattributeauthorshipblamecausecreditcrimeimputelegalresponsibility

Example 1

Gipasangil kaniya ang sayop.

The mistake was attributed to him/her.

Example 2

Ayaw ipasangil sa uban ang imong sayop.

Do not blame others for your mistake.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Tambal

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Body & Health

English

medicine; drug; medication; remedynoun

Alternative meanings: A substance or preparation used to treat, relieve, prevent, or cure an illness, pain, or discomfort. It can also refer to a remedy or treatment.
Pronunciation: TAM-bahl
Root and affixes: Root: tambal. It can work as a noun meaning medicine or remedy, and as a verb meaning to treat or cure.
Variants or conjugations: medicines; treatment; treat it; healer; curative; physician or healer
Related words and expressions: doctor; clinic; illness; medicine for sickness; prescription; pharmacy
Meaning and usage notes: Tambal is the common word for medicine or drug. In formal medical contexts, it can be translated as medication. Mananambal can refer to a healer or doctor depending on context.

drughealthmedicationmedicineremedy

Example 1

Inuma ang tambal human mokaon.

Take the medicine after eating.

Example 2

Nagpalit siya og tambal sa botika.

He or she bought medicine at the pharmacy.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Tuman

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Economy & Business Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

to fulfill; to carry out; to accomplish; to make happenverb

Alternative meanings: To make something fulfilled, realized, or completed. It can be used for carrying out a plan, fulfilling a promise, achieving a goal, or completing an obligation.
Pronunciation: TOO-mahn
Root and affixes: Root: tuman. Common forms include motuman, to comply or obey; gituman, was fulfilled; tumanon, something to be fulfilled; and katumanan, realization or fulfillment.
Variants or conjugations: motuman; magtuman; gituman; tumanon; pagtuman; katumanan
Related words and expressions: do; make; finish; plan; promise; agreement
Meaning and usage notes: Tuman works for concretar when it means to make happen, fulfill, or carry out. If concrete refers to the construction material, use another word such as konkreto or semento depending on context.

accomplishcarry outfulfillmake happenrealize

Example 1

Gituman nila ang plano.

They carried out the plan.

Example 2

Natuman ang iyang damgo.

The dream came true.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Sira

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Home & Objects

English

closed; to closeadjective / verb

Alternative meanings: Closed; also to close, shut, close down, or end access to a door, window, store, file, or system.
Pronunciation: SEE-rah
Root and affixes: Related to sirado, closed. Common forms include sirhan, sirad-i, sirad-on, and magsira.
Variants or conjugations: sirado = closed; sirhan = to close something; sirad-i = close it; sirad-on = will be closed; magsira = to close or close operations
Related words and expressions: open; opening; closing; door; window; store; lock
Meaning and usage notes: Sira is the verb to close. Sirado describes the closed state. For covering something, tabon may fit better; for closing/closure as a noun, pagsira.

businesscloseclosedclosingclosuredoorfileshutstoresystemwindow

Example 1

Sirado ang tindahan karon.

The store is closed today.

Example 2

Sirad-i ang pultahan, palihog.

Close the door, please.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Bulan

Basic Vocabulary Nature & Weather Numbers & Quantities Time & Calendar

English

moon; monthnoun

Alternative meanings: The moon, the natural satellite of the Earth. In Cebuano it can also mean month, so context shows whether it refers to the celestial body or a unit of time.
Pronunciation: BOO-lahn
Root and affixes: Inherited word used for moon and month. The meaning is understood from context: sa langit for the moon; sunod bulan for next month.
Variants or conjugations: buwan; bolan; months; moonlight
Related words and expressions: sun; star; sky; night; monthly
Meaning and usage notes: Bulan is important because it covers two ideas: moon and month. To make it clear that it means the moon in the sky, you can say ang bulan sa langit.

celestial bodymonthmoonnightsky

Example 1

Nagsidlak ang bulan sa langit.

The moon is shining in the sky.

Example 2

Sunod bulan kita magkita.

We will see each other next month.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kasadpan

Basic Vocabulary Nature & Weather

English

west; westernnoun / adjective

Alternative meanings: West or western; the direction or area where the sun sets, or something related to the western side/Occident.
Pronunciation: ka-SAD-pan
Root and affixes: Kasadpan is related to sadpan, the west or the direction where the sun sets.
Variants or conjugations: kasadpan; western side; from the west; kanluran
Related words and expressions: north; south; east; direction; place; map
Meaning and usage notes: Kasadpan is used for west/western. As the adjective western, it can appear in phrases like dapit sa kasadpan or kultura sa kasadpan depending on context.

compass pointdirectiongeographyoccidentwestwesterlywestern

Example 1

Ang adlaw mosalop sa kasadpan.

The sun sets in the west.

Example 2

Anaa sila sa kasadpang bahin sa lungsod.

They are in the western part of the city.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Dali

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Connectors & Function Words Qualities & Descriptions

English

quickly; fast; quickadverb / adjective

Alternative meanings: Indicates that an action happens with speed, haste, or little time. It can also be used as a command or expression meaning hurry or come quickly.
Pronunciation: DAH-lee
Root and affixes: Root: dali. Depending on context, it can mean quick, quickly, easy, to hurry, or come here.
Variants or conjugations: dali-dali; dalia; gidali; dinalian; paspas; dayon
Related words and expressions: fast; slow; hurry; immediately; hasty
Meaning and usage notes: Dali works for quickly or fast. Dali-dali intensifies the idea of rushing. Paspas also means fast or speedy. Dayon expresses immediately or right away.

fasthurryquicklyright awayspeed

Example 1

Buhata kini dali.

Do this quickly.

Example 2

Dali-dali siya og lakaw.

He or she walked in a hurry.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Bloke

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts Places & Geography Technology & Information

English

blocknoun

Alternative meanings: Block; a piece, group, section, or compact set of something. It can refer to a physical block, a text block, a code block, or a political/group bloc depending on context.
Pronunciation: BLOH-keh
Root and affixes: Loanword from bloque/block adapted as bloke. For to block or prevent, pugong, babag, or harang may fit depending on context.
Variants or conjugations: blok; bloke; group; section; part
Related words and expressions: group; section; part; structure; prevent; obstacle; block
Meaning and usage notes: Bloke works for block as an object or set. If you mean to block an action or access, pugong, babag, or harang may be better.

blockblockschunkcodegroupobjectsectionstructuretext

Example 1

Kini nga bloke sa teksto importante.

This block of text is important.

Example 2

Gibutang nila ang bloke sa semento.

They placed the cement block.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Emosyonal

Basic Vocabulary Body & Health Ideas & Abstract Concepts Qualities & Descriptions

English

emotionaladjective

Alternative meanings: Related to emotions or feelings. It can also describe a person, reaction, or situation strongly affected by emotion.
Pronunciation: eh-moh-SYOH-nahl
Root and affixes: Loanword adapted from emocional/emotional. It is related to emosyon, emotion.
Variants or conjugations: emosyon; very emotional; feeling; felt emotion
Related words and expressions: feeling; heart; sadness; happiness; fear; anger
Meaning and usage notes: Emosyonal can be used for emotional health, emotional reactions, or a person who is easily moved by feelings.

emotionemotionalemotional healthfeelingssensitive

Example 1

Emosyonal kaayo ang iyang tubag.

The response was very emotional.

Example 2

Importante ang emosyonal nga kahimsog.

Emotional health is important.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Akusar

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law Society & Community

English

accusation; to accusenoun / verb

Alternative meanings: Accusation or the act of accusing; to point to someone as responsible for a fault, crime, or wrongdoing; also to file a complaint or charge.
Pronunciation: ah-koo-SAR
Root and affixes: Akusar is a loanword from Spanish acusar. It is related to akusado, the accused person, and akusasyon, the accusation.
Variants or conjugations: akusar = to accuse; akusado = accused; akusasyon = accusation; sumbong = report or complaint; isumbong = to report or accuse
Related words and expressions: report; case; fault; law; judge; crime; prosecutor office
Meaning and usage notes: For accusation as a noun, akusasyon is direct. For the verb to accuse, akusar. Sumbong can be used when the meaning is report, complaint, or denunciation.

accusationaccuseblamechargecomplaintcrimelegalreportresponsible

Example 1

Dili tinuod ang akusasyon batok kaniya.

The accusation against him/her is not true.

Example 2

Ayaw ko akusara kung wala kay ebidensya.

Do not accuse me if you have no evidence.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kaagi

Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law Ideas & Abstract Concepts Society & Community

English

background; history; record; antecedentnoun

Alternative meanings: A previous fact, detail, experience, or record that helps explain a current situation. It can refer to a person past, a history, a case background, or earlier events.
Pronunciation: kah-AH-gee
Root and affixes: Comes from agi, path, trace, result, or experience. With ka- it forms kaagi, meaning history, past, chronicle, or record.
Variants or conjugations: agi; gigikanan; kasaysayan; rekord; antecedentes
Related words and expressions: from; origin; experience; record; past; history
Meaning and usage notes: Kaagi works well for antecedent as background, history, or record. If antecedent means origin or source, gigikanan may be more specific. In legal contexts, rekord can also be used for record or history.

antecedentbackgroundhistoryoriginrecord

Example 1

Tan-awa una ang iyang kaagi sa trabaho.

Check the work history first.

Example 2

Importante ang kaagi sa kaso.

The background of the case is important.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Huwes

Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law Society & Community

English

magistrate; judgenoun

Alternative meanings: Magistrate or judge; a legal authority who hears cases, conducts proceedings, and issues decisions or rulings in a court.
Pronunciation: HOO-wes
Root and affixes: Borrowed from Spanish juez and adapted in Cebuano/Bisaya as huwes. Related to hukom and husgado.
Variants or conjugations: huwis; huwes; hukom; mahistrado; court judge; magistrate
Related words and expressions: court; courthouse; justice; law; case; judgment; sentence
Meaning and usage notes: Huwes is clear for judge. For magistrate in a more formal or higher judicial-office sense, mahistrado may also be used, but huwes usually covers the general judicial role.

casecourtjudgejusticelawmagistraterulingsentencetribunal

Example 1

Ang huwes nagpaminaw sa kaso.

The judge heard the case.

Example 2

Siya ang huwes sa husgado.

He/She is a magistrate in the court.

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