Basic Vocabulary – Page 54

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

motungha

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

to arise; to appear; to emergeverb

Alternative meanings: To appear, come up, or begin to exist as a situation, idea, problem, or opportunity.
Pronunciation: moh-TOONG-hah
Root and affixes: Related to tungha, which can express appearing or showing up. Mo- marks a future or general action.
Variants or conjugations: motungha; mitungha; nitungha
Related words and expressions: gawas = to come out / appear; mahitabo = to happen; magsugod = to begin
Meaning and usage notes: “Motungha” works for arise, appear, or emerge, especially when something shows up suddenly or begins to exist in a situation.

appearariseemergeverb

Example 1

Motungha ang problema kung dili nato ayohon.

The problem will arise if we do not fix it.

Example 2

Mitungha ang bag-ong oportunidad.

A new opportunity arose.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Parke

English

parknoun

Alternative meanings: Park; a public outdoor space used for walking, playing, resting, or spending time with other people.
Pronunciation: PAR-keh
Root and affixes: Loanword from Spanish parque, adapted into Bisaya as parke.
Variants or conjugations: plasa = plaza or central square; tanaman = garden or planted area; parkinganan = parking area, not a recreational park
Related words and expressions: plaza, garden, place, road, nature
Meaning and usage notes: Use parke for a public or recreational park. If referring to a town or city central square, plasa may be more specific.

natureparkplazapublic placerecreation

Example 1

Maglakaw ta sa parke karon hapon.

Let us walk in the park this afternoon.

Example 2

Daghang bata ang nagdula sa parke.

Many children are playing in the park.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

panalipod

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts Society & Community

English

protection; defensenoun

Alternative meanings: The act or result of caring for, covering, or defending someone or something to prevent harm, danger, or loss.
Pronunciation: pah-nah-LEE-pohd
Root and affixes: Related to the root for protecting or defending. It can function as the name of the act of protection depending on context.
Variants or conjugations: panalipod; proteksyon; depensa
Related words and expressions: amping = care; depensa = defense; kasigurohan = security
Meaning and usage notes: “Panalipod” can be used for protection or defense. “Proteksyon” is also understood because of Spanish/English influence, especially in modern contexts.

defensenounprotectionsecurity

Example 1

Importante ang panalipod sa pamilya.

The protection of the family is important.

Example 2

Kinahanglan nato og panalipod gikan sa peligro.

We need protection from danger.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Lungsod

Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law Places & Geography Society & Community

English

municipality; town; city; community; localitynoun

Alternative meanings: Lungsod means town, city, community, locality, or municipality depending on context. It is used for a populated place or local community. Munisipyo is a related word that often refers to the municipal hall, town hall, municipal building, or municipal government.
Pronunciation: lung-SOD
Root and affixes: Base form: lungsod. Spelling variant: lungsud. Related: kalungsuran = towns or cities; lungsodnun = local citizen; munisipyo = municipal hall or municipality.
Variants or conjugations: lungsud; lunsod; banwa; munisipyo; munisipalidad; dakbayan; baryo
Related words and expressions: municipality; town hall; town; city; community; locality; local government; municipal hall
Meaning and usage notes: For municipio as a locality or community, lungsod works well. For the municipal building or administration, munisipyo is more specific. For a large city, dakbayan may also appear.

citycommunitylocal governmentlocalitymunicipalitytowntown hall

Example 1

Nagpuyo ko sa lungsod.

I live in the town/city.

Example 2

Moadto ko sa munisipyo ugma.

I will go to the municipal hall tomorrow.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Agosto

Basic Vocabulary Time & Calendar

English

Augustnoun

Alternative meanings: The eighth month of the year, after July and before September.
Pronunciation: ah-GOHS-toh
Root and affixes: Name of a month used as a noun. It is borrowed from Spanish and adapted to local use.
Variants or conjugations: Agosto
Related words and expressions: Hulyo = July; Septiyembre = September; bulan = month
Meaning and usage notes: Month names in Bisaya often look very similar to Spanish because of historical influence.

Augustcalendarmonthnoun

Example 1

Moabot siya sa Agosto.

He/She will arrive in August.

Example 2

Init kaayo sa Agosto.

It is very hot in August.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Opisyal

Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law People & Relationships Society & Community Work & Professions

English

official; public officialNoun

Alternative meanings: official; public official; person with a formal position; institutional authority or representative
Pronunciation: oh-pees-YAHL
Root and affixes: Adapted loanword used in Cebuano/Bisaya for official or public officer.
Variants or conjugations: official; government official; government employee; office official; barangay official
Related words and expressions: government; office; work; position; authority; minister; employee; law
Meaning and usage notes: Opisyal is broad and can refer to an official or public officer. If the meaning is specifically public employee, empleyado sa gobyerno can be clearer.

authoritybasic vocabularygovernmentofficeofficialpersonpositionpublic employeepublic officialwork

Example 1

Ang opisyal sa gobyerno mitambong sa miting.

The government official attended the meeting.

Example 2

Nakigsulti siya sa opisyal sa opisina.

He/She spoke with the office official.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Suba

Basic Vocabulary Nature & Weather Places & Geography

English

rivernoun

Alternative meanings: River; a natural flowing body of water that moves through a channel toward another river, lake, or sea.
Pronunciation: SOO-bah
Root and affixes: Suba is a common word for river. It may also appear in expressions related to living near a river or moving upstream.
Variants or conjugations: salog = river; wahig = river/running water in some varieties; suban-on = person living near the river
Related words and expressions: water, stream, sea, lake, shore
Meaning and usage notes: Suba is a general and useful word for river. In some areas, other words such as salog or wahig may also be used.

geographylandscapenatureriverwater

Example 1

Lapad kaayo ang suba.

The river is very wide.

Example 2

Namalik sila duol sa suba.

They returned near the river.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

kinaiyahan

Basic Vocabulary Nature & Weather

English

naturenoun

Alternative meanings: The natural world: plants, animals, mountains, seas, weather, and everything that exists without being directly created by people.
Pronunciation: kee-nah-ee-YAH-hahn
Root and affixes: Noun form related to what is natural or the essence of something. In many contexts it means nature or the natural environment.
Variants or conjugations: kinaiyahan
Related words and expressions: kalibutan = world; tanom = plant; hayop = animal; palibot = surroundings / environment
Meaning and usage notes: “Kinaiyahan” is used for nature and can also refer to the essence or natural character of something depending on context.

environmentnaturenounsurroundings

Example 1

Importante nga ampingan ang kinaiyahan.

It is important to care for nature.

Example 2

Nindot kaayo ang kinaiyahan dinhi.

The nature here is very beautiful.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

estudyante

Basic Vocabulary Education & Learning People & Relationships

English

student; pupilnoun

Alternative meanings: A person who studies in a school, university, class, or learning program.
Pronunciation: es-too-DYAHN-teh
Root and affixes: Borrowed word used as a noun. It is related to studying and learning.
Variants or conjugations: estudyante; alumno
Related words and expressions: tungha = to study / attend class; maestro = teacher; klase = class
Meaning and usage notes: “Estudyante” is common for student or pupil. For a school child, “bata” can be used with context, but it does not mean student by itself.

nounpupilschoolstudent

Example 1

Maayo siya nga estudyante.

He/She is a good student.

Example 2

Daghan ang estudyante sa klase.

There are many students in the class.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Panimalay

Basic Vocabulary Family Home & Objects

English

home; household; domicilenoun

Alternative meanings: Home, domicile, or household; it can refer both to the place where someone lives and to the family or domestic environment.
Pronunciation: pah-nee-MAH-lai
Root and affixes: Derived from balay = house. Panimalay adds the sense of home, domicile, or domestic/family setting.
Variants or conjugations: balay = physical house; pinuy-anan = dwelling/place where one lives; pamilya = family
Related words and expressions: house, dwelling, family, domestic, residence
Meaning and usage notes: Use panimalay when you mean home with a family or domestic sense. For a physical building, balay is often more direct.

domestic lifedomicilefamilyhomehousehold

Example 1

Ang panimalay kinahanglan nga puno sa kalinaw.

The home should be full of peace.

Example 2

Mipauli siya sa iyang panimalay.

He/She returned to his/her home.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Mopahinabo

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

to cause; to provokeVerb

Alternative meanings: to cause; to provoke; to bring about; to make something happen; to generate an effect
Pronunciation: moh-pah-hee-NAH-boh
Root and affixes: Related to hitabo/panghitabo, which expresses happening or event. Mopahinabo means to make something happen.
Variants or conjugations: pahinabo; mopahinabo; caused; reason; to bring about; to cause something
Related words and expressions: cause; event; effect; result; problem; action; condition
Meaning and usage notes: Mopahinabo works for causing or provoking an event. If the focus is “being the reason for something,” hinungdan may sound more natural. To provoke a person in the sense of annoying or inciting them, another verb may be needed depending on context.

actionbasic vocabularybring aboutcauseeffectgenerateprovokereason

Example 1

Ang kusog nga ulan mopahinabo og baha.

Heavy rain can cause a flood.

Example 2

Ang sayop nga desisyon nagpahinabo og problema.

The wrong decision caused a problem.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

eksena

Art, Culture & Entertainment Basic Vocabulary

English

scenenoun

Alternative meanings: A part of a movie, play, story, or visible situation. It can also refer to a specific moment within an event or narrative.
Pronunciation: ek-SEH-nah
Root and affixes: Borrowed word used as a noun in film, theater, stories, and everyday situations.
Variants or conjugations: eksena; scena
Related words and expressions: pelikula = movie; teatro = theater; hitabo = event / incident
Meaning and usage notes: “Eksena” is used for a scene in a movie, theater, or situation. In conversation, it can also suggest drama or a striking moment depending on context.

filmnounscenetheater

Example 1

Ganahan ko sa katapusang eksena.

I liked the final scene.

Example 2

Nindot kaayo ang eksena sa pelikula.

The scene in the movie was very beautiful.

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