Basic Vocabulary – Page 55

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

balita

Basic Vocabulary Technology & Information

English

newsnoun

Alternative meanings: news item; report; recent information; update
Pronunciation: bah-LEE-tah
Root and affixes: Root: balita = news / report. It also works as a verb root for reporting or telling news.
Variants or conjugations: mga balita = news items; ibalita = to report / announce news; gibalita = was reported; mobalita = to report
Related words and expressions: maayong balita = good news
dautan nga balita = bad news
bag-ong balita = new/latest news
notisya = notice
Meaning and usage notes: Balita can refer to one news item or news in general. For “noticia” as a formal notice, notisya may appear, but balita is the common word for news.

informationnewsreportupdate

Example 1

Nakadungog ka na ba sa balita?

Have you heard the news yet?

Example 2

Maayo ang balita gikan sa iyang pamilya.

The news from his family is good.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

nakagawas

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

gone out; has left; got outparticiple / adjective

Alternative meanings: Indicates that someone or something has already gone out, managed to get out, or is outside a place. It is related to the verb to leave or go out.
Pronunciation: nah-kah-GAH-wahs
Root and affixes: Related to gawas, meaning outside or to go out. Na- marks a completed or achieved action in this context.
Variants or conjugations: nakagawas; nigawas; migawas
Related words and expressions: gawas = outside / to go out; mogawas = to go out; sulod = to enter / inside
Meaning and usage notes: “Nakagawas” works for “has gone out” or “managed to get out.” If Spanish “salido” is used colloquially for someone overly forward or lewd, a separate entry with another meaning is better.

go outleftmovementparticiple

Example 1

Nakagawas na siya sa balay.

He/She has already left the house.

Example 2

Nakagawas ang iro sa gate.

The dog got out through the gate.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

tubag

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Technology & Information

English

to answer / to respond / answerverb / noun

Alternative meanings: To give a reply to a question, message, or situation; also used as a noun meaning answer or response.
Pronunciation: TOO-bahg
Root and affixes: Cebuano root for answering, replying, or giving a response. It can form variants such as motubag, mitubag, tubaga, and pagtubag.
Variants or conjugations: motubag, mitubag, tubaga, pagtubag, panubag
Related words and expressions: question, message, letter, reaction, response
Meaning and usage notes: Tubag can be both a verb and a noun. Motubag ko means I will answer; ang tubag means the answer.

answercommunicationreplyrespond

Example 1

Motubag ko sa imong pangutana.

I will answer your question.

Example 2

Unsa ang imong tubag?

What is your answer?

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Krimen

Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law Society & Community

English

crime / offensenoun

Alternative meanings: crime
offense
criminal offense
act punishable by law
serious wrongdoing, depending on context
Pronunciation: KREE-men
Root and affixes: Adapted loanword related to crime. It is used as a noun for a crime or criminal act.
Variants or conjugations: krimen = crime / offense
kriminal = criminal / offender
kasal-anan = crime / guilt / wrongdoing
sala = fault / offense / sin / guilt
paglapas = violation / offense
Related words and expressions: balaod = law
pulis = police
korte = court
paghukom = judgment / trial
silot = punishment
Meaning and usage notes: Use krimen for a crime or offense in the legal sense. Sala can also mean fault, guilt, or offense, but it is broader and may be moral or religious.

courtcrimelawoffensepolicewrongdoing

Example 1

Dako nga krimen ang pagpangawat.

Stealing is a serious crime.

Example 2

Giimbestigahan sa pulis ang krimen.

The police investigated the crime.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kompetisyon

Basic Vocabulary Economy & Business Ideas & Abstract Concepts Society & Community

English

competition; contest; rivalry; competence depending on contextnoun

Alternative meanings: Kompetisyon means competition, contest, or rivalry between people, teams, businesses, or participants. When Spanish competencia means ability, skill, or professional competence, katakos is the better related Cebuano word.
Pronunciation: kom-peh-tee-SYON
Root and affixes: Borrowed form used in Cebuano/Bisaya. Related to kompetensya and makigkompetensya. For ability or capability: katakos, from takos.
Variants or conjugations: kompetensya; kompetisyón; makigkompetensya; katakos; takos
Related words and expressions: competition; contest; rivalry; competitor; ability; competence; skill
Meaning and usage notes: Spanish competencia has two common meanings: competition/rivalry and competence/ability. This entry uses kompetisyon as the main competition/rivalry meaning and keeps katakos for ability or professional competence.

abilitybusinesscompetencecompetitioncontestrivalryskill

Example 1

Apil ko sa kompetisyon ugma.

I will join the competition tomorrow.

Example 2

Dako ang kompetisyon sa negosyo.

There is a lot of competition in the business.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

tiggamitan

Basic Vocabulary People & Relationships Technology & Information

English

user / person who uses somethingnoun

Alternative meanings: A person who uses a tool, service, system, product, or resource.
Pronunciation: tig-gah-MEE-tahn
Root and affixes: From gamitan, related to gamit, to use or utilize; the prefix tig- marks the person who performs or habitually does an action.
Variants or conjugations: tiggamit, tiggamitan
Related words and expressions: use, usage, customer, member, person
Meaning and usage notes: Tiggamitan can be used for user in a general sense. In digital contexts, it can also mean a user of an app, account, or system.

persontechnologyuseuser

Example 1

Ang tiggamitan kinahanglan mosulod sa iyang password.

The user must enter their password.

Example 2

Daghang tiggamitan ang naggamit sa bag-ong app.

Many users use the new app.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Panghukom

Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

judicialadjective

Alternative meanings: judicial
related to judgment
related to a judge
related to a legal decision
related to the judging process
Pronunciation: pang-HOO-kom
Root and affixes: Related to the root hukom, meaning judge, judgment, verdict, or to judge. The prefix pang- forms an idea related to the use, function, or field of judgment.
Variants or conjugations: hukom = judge / judgment / verdict / to judge
paghukom = judgment / act of judging
panghukom = judicial / related to judgment
hudisyal = judicial, possible formal loanword
korte = court
Related words and expressions: balaod = law
paghukom = judgment / trial
korte = court
hustisya = justice
desisyon = decision
Meaning and usage notes: Use panghukom to express something related to judgment or the function of judging. In legal or formal texts, hudisyal may also appear, but panghukom keeps the connection with hukom.

courtjudgejudgmentjudiciallawlegal

Example 1

Ang panghukom nga proseso kinahanglan patas.

The judicial process must be fair.

Example 2

Importante ang panghukom nga desisyon sa kaso.

The judicial decision in the case is important.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

interbyu

Basic Vocabulary Work & Professions

English

interviewnoun

Alternative meanings: A formal conversation where someone asks questions to get information, evaluate someone, or learn their opinion. It can be for work, journalism, or personal context.
Pronunciation: in-ter-BYOO
Root and affixes: Borrowed word used as a noun. It can also appear in verb expressions like “mag-interbyu” for to interview.
Variants or conjugations: interbyu; interview
Related words and expressions: pangutana = question; tubag = answer; trabaho = work / job
Meaning and usage notes: “Interbyu” is common for interview. For “to interview,” “mag-interbyu” or “interbyuhon” can be used depending on sentence structure.

interviewnounquestionswork

Example 1

Naa koy interbyu ugma.

I have an interview tomorrow.

Example 2

Andam na ko para sa interbyu.

I am ready for the interview now.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Labay

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Technology & Information Travel & Transportation

English

throw; toss; cast; discard; launch only in some contextsverb / noun depending on context

Alternative meanings: Use labay for physically throwing, tossing, or discarding something. For launching a product, app, campaign, project, or event, lunsad / paglunsad is the more natural related word.
Pronunciation: LAH-bye / LA-bay
Root and affixes: Root: labay. Related forms: ilabay = to throw something; gilabay = was thrown; labayan = place where something is thrown or discarded.
Variants or conjugations: ilabay; gilabay; labayan; lunsad; paglunsad
Related words and expressions: throw; toss; discard; launch; launching; product launch; project launch
Meaning and usage notes: Labay is best for the physical action of throwing or tossing. Use lunsad for formal launches such as products, apps, campaigns, vessels, events, and projects.

launchlaunchingproductprojectthrowtosstrash

Example 1

Ilabay ang bola diri.

Throw the ball here.

Example 2

Ilabay na ang basura.

Throw away the trash.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Enero

Basic Vocabulary Time & Calendar

English

Januaryproper noun

Alternative meanings: The first month of the year in the Gregorian calendar; it has 31 days.
Pronunciation: eh-NEH-roh
Root and affixes: Borrowed from Spanish enero, used as a month name in Cebuano.
Variants or conjugations: enero
Related words and expressions: month, year, New Year, February, calendar
Meaning and usage notes: In Cebuano, month names are usually borrowed from Spanish. Enero is used for the month of January.

calendarjanuarymonthtime

Example 1

Magsugod ang tuig sa Enero.

The year starts in January.

Example 2

Ang akong adlawng natawhan kay sa Enero.

My birthday is in January.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kuwadro

Art, Culture & Entertainment Basic Vocabulary Home & Objects

English

frame / picturenoun

Alternative meanings: frame
picture frame
framed picture
painting
box or frame, depending on context
Pronunciation: koo-WAH-droh
Root and affixes: Adapted loanword from Spanish cuadro. In Cebuano it may be spelled kuwadro or kwadro and usually refers to a frame or framed picture.
Variants or conjugations: kwadro = variant of kuwadro
kuwadro = frame / picture
kuwadro sa hulagway = picture frame
ikuwadro = to frame / put in a frame
kuwadruhan = to frame, depending on use
Related words and expressions: hulagway = image / photo
pintura = painting
marko = frame
dibuho = drawing
talaan = table / list
Meaning and usage notes: Use kuwadro for a wall picture, frame, or framed image. If cuadro means table, chart, or data box, words like talaan or tsart may fit better depending on context.

artdecorationframepaintingpicturepicture frame

Example 1

Naa koy kuwadro sa bungbong.

I have a picture frame on the wall.

Example 2

Nindot ang kuwadro sa sala.

The picture frame in the living room is beautiful.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

saka

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

to go up; to climb; to riseverb

Alternative meanings: To move or bring something upward. It can be used for climbing stairs, going up to a place, increasing an amount, or raising something.
Pronunciation: SAH-kah
Root and affixes: Verb root: saka. Related forms: mosaka, nisaka, pagsaka.
Variants or conjugations: saka; mosaka; nisaka; pagsaka
Related words and expressions: naog = to go down; taas = high / up; tungas = to climb uphill
Meaning and usage notes: “Saka” is used for going up physically and also for increasing, like when a price or amount rises.

go upincreasemovementverb

Example 1

Mosaka ko sa hagdan.

I will go up the stairs.

Example 2

Nisaka ang presyo.

The price went up.

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