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Bisaya · Cebuano

Vocabulary

Learn Bisaya words with meanings, pronunciation, variants, notes, and examples.

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

espiritu

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English

spirit; soul; spiritual beingnoun

Alternative meanings

The spiritual or non-material part of a person; it can also refer to a spiritual being or ghost depending on context.

Pronunciation

es-pee-REE-too

Root and affixes

Loanword related to espíritu/spirit. Kalag is commonly used for soul; multo for ghost.

Variants or conjugations

spirit; soul; ghost; spiritual

Related words and expressions

soul; belief; God; ghost; life

Meaning and usage notes

Espiritu works for spirit in a religious or spiritual sense. Kalag means soul; multo means ghost.

beliefghostnounreligionsoulspirit
Example 1

Lig-on ang iyang espiritu.

His or her spirit is strong.

Example 2

Nag-ampo siya para sa kalag sa iyang amahan.

He or she prayed for the soul of his or her father.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Isugyot

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English

to suggest; to propose; to recommendverb

Pronunciation

ee-SOOG-yot

Root and affixes

From sugyot, meaning suggestion, proposal, or hint. Isugyot marks the action of suggesting or proposing something; mosugyot/magsugyot express suggesting as a verbal action.

Meaning and usage notes

Use isugyot to suggest an idea, plan, option, or recommendation. If the meaning is recommending a specific option, rekomendar also works. If it is giving personal advice, tambag may sound more natural.

adviceideaplanproposalproposerecommendsuggestsuggestion
Example 1

Isugyot nako ang bag-ong plano.

I will suggest the new plan.

Example 2

Unsay imong isugyot?

What do you suggest?

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Karga

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English

load; cargo; burden; to carrynoun / verb

Pronunciation

KAR-gah

Root and affixes

Adapted loanword from carga. Karga can work as a noun for load or cargo and as a verb for carrying something. Related forms include magkarga, to load/carry, and gikarga, loaded/carried.

Meaning and usage notes

Use karga for a physical load, cargo, freight, or weight being transported. For bringing or carrying something in general, dala may sound more natural. For carrying something by hand, bitbit also fits. Figuratively, karga can express a burden or heavy responsibility.

burdencargocarryfreightloadtransportverbweight
Example 1

Bug-at kaayo ang karga sa trak.

The truck load is very heavy.

Example 2

Ayaw karga og sobra nga bug-at.

Do not carry something too heavy.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Distrito

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English

district; area; administrative divisionnoun

Alternative meanings

district; area; zone; administrative division; electoral, school, or territorial area

Pronunciation

dees-TREE-toh

Root and affixes

Loanword from Spanish distrito. The variant distritu also appears in some sources and pronunciations.

Variants or conjugations

distritu; purok; púruk; zone; place

Related words and expressions

barangay; town; city; community; territory

Meaning and usage notes

Distrito is used for district in administrative, school, political, or territorial contexts. Purok can refer to a smaller local subdivision within a community or barangay.

district, area, administration
Example 1

Nagpuyo siya sa unang distrito sa siyudad.

He or she lives in the first district of the city.

Example 2

Ang eskwelahan sakop sa maong distrito.

The school belongs to that district.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Klasipikasyon

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English

classification; categorizationnoun

Alternative meanings

classification; categorization; grouping by classes; sorting by type; division into categories; ranking depending on context

Pronunciation

klah-see-pee-kah-SYON

Root and affixes

Borrowed and adapted from Spanish clasificación. It is related to klasipikar, to classify, and klase, class or type. For classification as a position in a list or competition, ranggo may also be used.

Variants or conjugations

klasipikasyon; pagklasipikar; klasipikar; klase; kategoriya; ranggo

Related words and expressions

klasipikar = to classify; klase = class or type; kategoriya = category; grupo = group; ranggo = rank or ranking; lista = list

Meaning and usage notes

Klasipikasyon works for classification by categories, types, or classes. If talking about sports standings, school ranking, or position in a table, ranggo or ranking may sound more specific depending on the sentence.

categorizationcategoryclassclassificationrankingsorting
Example 1

Importante ang klasipikasyon sa mga dokumento.

The classification of the documents is important.

Example 2

Giunsa nila ang klasipikasyon sa mga estudyante?

How did they classify the students?

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

selebrasyon

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English

celebration; party; festivitynoun

Alternative meanings

An event or act to celebrate a date, achievement, person, or special occasion.

Pronunciation

seh-leh-brah-SYON

Root and affixes

Borrowed/adapted from celebración/celebration. Saulog is also used for celebrating, and pista for fiesta/festival.

Variants or conjugations

celebration; celebrating; fiesta; celebrate

Related words and expressions

festival; happiness; day; festivity; family

Meaning and usage notes

Selebrasyon is general and modern. Kasaulogan can also refer to celebration or festivity; pista to fiesta or festival.

celebrationcultureeventfestivitynounparty
Example 1

Dako ang selebrasyon sa ilang pamilya.

Their family celebration was big.

Example 2

Naa mi selebrasyon karong gabii.

We have a celebration tonight.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Paandar

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English

start; start up; turn onverb

Alternative meanings

start; start up; turn on; start a machine; make something run

Pronunciation

pah-AHN-dahr

Root and affixes

From andar, a loanword used for a machine running or functioning. With pa- it forms paandar, to make something start or run.

Variants or conjugations

andar; muandar; gipaandar; ipaandar; sugod; ibton; ibot

Related words and expressions

machine; car; engine; start; electricity

Meaning and usage notes

Paandar is best for starting an engine, car, or machine. If arrancar means to pull out or uproot, use ibton or ibot. If it means to begin something in general, sugod may be more natural.

start, start up, turn on
Example 1

Paandara ang makina.

Start the machine.

Example 2

Ibta ang sagbot gikan sa gamot.

Pull the weed out from the root.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Konsulta

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English

to consult; consultationverb / noun

Alternative meanings

to consult; to ask advice; to seek an opinion; to review with an expert; to go for a consultation; medical or professional consultation

Pronunciation

kohn-SOOL-tah

Root and affixes

Borrowed and adapted from consultar/consulta. Common forms: mokonsulta or magkonsulta, to consult; nagkonsulta, consulted or is consulting; ikonsulta, to consult something with someone; konsultahon, will be consulted.

Variants or conjugations

konsulta; kunsulta; mokonsulta; magkonsulta; nagkonsulta; ikonsulta; konsultahon; konsultasyon

Related words and expressions

mangutana = to ask; pangutana = question; tambag = advice; doktor = doctor; espesyalista = specialist; abogado = lawyer

Meaning and usage notes

Use konsulta when consult means asking for advice or review from someone. For consult as simply asking a question, mangutana is usually more natural. In medical contexts, konsulta is very common.

adviceaskconsultconsultationdoctorexpert
Example 1

Mokonsulta ko sa doktor ugma.

I will consult the doctor tomorrow.

Example 2

Ikonsulta nato ni sa eksperto.

Let us consult this with the expert.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

kusina

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English

kitchen; cooking areanoun

Alternative meanings

The place in a house or establishment where food is prepared and cooked; also the cooking area.

Pronunciation

koo-SEE-nah

Root and affixes

Loanword related to cocina. For stove or cooking device, lutuan or kalan may fit depending on context.

Variants or conjugations

kitchen; stove/cooking place; stove; cocina

Related words and expressions

cook; food; house; stove; table

Meaning and usage notes

Kusina is used for the room or kitchen area. If you mean the appliance, stove, or hearth, lutuan/kalan may be more precise.

cookingfoodhomekitchennounstove
Example 1

Naa siya sa kusina.

He or she is in the kitchen.

Example 2

Limpyo kaayo ang kusina.

The kitchen is very clean.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Bag-o

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English

new; recent; recentlyadjective / adverb

Pronunciation

BAHG-oh

Root and affixes

Base form: bag-o. It can work as an adjective for new or recent, and in expressions like “bag-o lang” or “bag-ohay lang” for recently, just now, or lately.

Meaning and usage notes

Use bag-o for new or recent. Before a noun, it often appears as bag-ong, for example bag-ong balay = new house. For recently, use bag-o lang or bag-ohay lang.

currentfreshjust nowlatelylatestnewrecentrecently
Example 1

Bag-o akong telepono.

My phone is new.

Example 2

Bag-o lang siya miabot.

He/She arrived recently.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Unyon

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English

labor union / unionnoun / related verb

Alternative meanings

labor union
trade union
union
workers organization
association
organization
unity
to form a union

Pronunciation

oon-YON

Root and affixes

Unyon comes from union and is used for union or organization. In labor contexts, unyon sa pamuo or unyon sa mga trabahador means labor union or workers union.

Variants or conjugations

unyon = union / labor union / organization
unyun = variant of unyon
unyon sa pamuo = labor union
unyon sa mga trabahador = workers union
unyonista = unionist / union member
unyonismo = unionism
panaghiusa = unity / union as togetherness
asosasyon = association

Related words and expressions

trabahador = worker
trabaho = work
pamuo = labor / work
kompaniya = company
welga = strike
kasabutan = agreement
katungod = right

Meaning and usage notes

Use unyon for union or labor union. To make clear that it means a labor union, use unyon sa pamuo or unyon sa mga trabahador. Panaghiusa means unity and is not necessarily a labor union.

laborlabor unionorganizationrightsstrikeunionworkers
Example 1

Miyembro siya sa unyon sa pamuo.

He/She is a member of the labor union.

Example 2

Nakig-negosasyon ang unyon sa kompaniya.

The union negotiated with the company.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

pabilhan

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English

to value; to appreciate; to give value toverb

Alternative meanings

To recognize the importance, usefulness, merit, or value of a person, thing, idea, or experience.

Pronunciation

pah-BEEL-hahn

Root and affixes

Related to bili, value or price. Pabilhan expresses valuing or considering something valuable.

Variants or conjugations

value; appreciate; cherish; appraise; appreciate

Related words and expressions

evaluate; value; important; respect; thanks; price

Meaning and usage notes

Pabilhan is used for valuing in an emotional or importance sense. For valuing economically or appraising, tasahon or ebalwar may be more precise.

appreciateeconomyevaluatevalueverbworth
Example 1

Pabilhan nako ang imong tabang.

I value your help.

Example 2

Tasahon nila ang balay.

They will appraise the house.

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