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Bisaya · Cebuano

Vocabulary

Learn Bisaya words with meanings, pronunciation, variants, notes, and examples.

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Usab

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English

likewise; also; tooadverb

Alternative meanings

likewise; also; too; in the same way; furthermore; again depending on context

Pronunciation

OO-sahb

Root and affixes

Usab works as an adverb or particle. It can indicate addition, like also or likewise, or repetition, like again.

Variants or conjugations

sab; sad; pod; pud; sa ingon usab; pareho usab

Related words and expressions

same; similar; again; additional; still

Meaning and usage notes

Usab is more formal or neutral. In everyday speech, sad, sab, pod, or pud are also used for also or too. As a reply to a wish, ikaw usab or pareho usab can be used depending on tone.

likewise, also, too
Example 1

Malipayong adlaw kanimo. Ikaw usab.

Have a good day. Likewise.

Example 2

Si Ana miapil, ug si Ben usab.

Ana joined, and Ben did too.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Human

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English

to finalize; to finish; to end; to complete; finished; afterverb / adjective / time connector

Pronunciation

hoo-MAHN

Root and affixes

Root: human. Common forms: mahuman = will be finished or can be finished; nahuman = finished or is finished; humanon = to finalize or finish something; humana = already finished; pagkahuman = after finishing or conclusion.

Meaning and usage notes

Human is very useful for finalizing or finishing something. Humanon is better when an object will be finished: humanon ang trabaho. For “to end up as” a result, mosangpot may be more precise. For “complete,” kompleto or hingpit may fit better.

aftercompleteconcludeendfinalfinalizefinishverb
Example 1

Humanon nato kini karon.

We will finish this today.

Example 2

Nahuman na ang miting.

The meeting has already ended.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Salog

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English

floornoun

Alternative meanings

floor
flooring
indoor floor surface
storey
story
level of a building
floor of a room
interior ground surface

Pronunciation

SAH-log

Root and affixes

Salog is the word for floor or interior flooring. It can also be used for a level or storey of a building; some sources show salug or sawog as variants.

Variants or conjugations

salog = floor / flooring
salug = variant of salog
sawog = variant of salog
ikaduhang salog = second floor
ikaupat nga salog = fourth floor
panalganan = storey, floor, or floor clearance in a house
yuta = ground / land / soil
apartment = apartment, if Spanish piso means dwelling

Related words and expressions

yuta = land / soil / outdoor ground
balay = house
kwarto = room
hagdan = stairs / ladder
hagdanan = staircase
silong = downstairs / under the house
semento = cement

Meaning and usage notes

Use salog for a floor inside a house or building. If Spanish piso means apartment, use apartment or pinuy-anan depending on context. If you mean natural ground or soil, yuta may be better.

buildingfloorflooringhouseroomstoreystory
Example 1

Hinlo kaayo ang salog sa kwarto.

The floor of the room is very clean.

Example 2

Naa ang opisina sa ikaupat nga salog.

The office is on the fourth floor.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Andar

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English

operation; functioning; to runnoun / verb

Alternative meanings

operation; functioning; running of a machine; the way something works; to function; to operate; to be running

Pronunciation

ahn-DAHR

Root and affixes

Borrowed from Spanish andar, used in Cebuano especially for machines or mechanisms. Related forms: moandar, will function or start; miandar, functioned or started working; paandar, to start or put into operation.

Variants or conjugations

andar; moandar; muandar; miandar; niandar; paandar; pag-andar; maayo og andar

Related words and expressions

paandar = to start or put into operation; makina = machine; motor = engine; dagan = run or movement; trabaho = work or function; lihok = movement

Meaning and usage notes

Andar here does not mean to walk; it means to function or be running. For andar as walking, the main form is lakaw. For the functioning of an organization or process, pagpadagan may also fit depending on context.

functioningmachineoperationrunrunningsystem
Example 1

Maayo og andar ang makina.

The machine runs well.

Example 2

Dili moandar ang awto.

The car will not run or start.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Bukton

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English

arm; forearm; sleevenoun

Alternative meanings

arm; forearm; upper limb; sleeve of clothing depending on context

Pronunciation

BOOK-tohn

Root and affixes

Root bukton or variant butkon, arm. Buktun also appears in some sources or spelling variants.

Variants or conjugations

butkon; buktun; braso; kamot; sleeve of clothing

Related words and expressions

hand; elbow; shoulder; body; finger

Meaning and usage notes

Bukton means arm, while kamot usually means hand. Braso is also understood as a loanword, but bukton is a more native Cebuano form.

arm, body, forearm
Example 1

Nakasakit ang akong bukton.

My arm hurts.

Example 2

Gikugos niya ang bata sa iyang mga bukton.

He or she hugged the child with the arms.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Indibidwal

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English

individual; individual personnoun / adjective

Pronunciation

in-dee-BEED-wahl

Root and affixes

Adapted loanword from individual. It can work as a noun or adjective in social, formal, and academic contexts.

Meaning and usage notes

Indibidwal is more formal. In everyday conversation, tawo or usa ka tawo often sounds more natural for person. If you mean individually or each one separately, tagsa-tagsa or matag usa may fit better.

adjectiveeachindividualindividual personone by onepersonseparatesociety
Example 1

Importante ang katungod sa matag indibidwal.

The right of each individual is important.

Example 2

Tagsa-tagsa silang mitubag sa pangutana.

They answered the question individually.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Praktis

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English

to practice / practiceverb / noun

Alternative meanings

to practice
practice
exercise
rehearsal
to train
to repeat in order to improve
to practice a profession
to show up for practice

Pronunciation

PRAK-tis

Root and affixes

Praktis is a loanword from English practice. It can work as a verb meaning to practice and as a noun meaning practice or rehearsal.

Variants or conjugations

praktis = to practice / practice / rehearsal
magpraktis = to practice / rehearse
nagpraktis = is practicing / practiced
nipraktis = practiced
gipraktis = was practiced / was rehearsed
praktisan = practice place or practice session, depending on context
ensayo = rehearsal / practice
bansay-bansay = training / repeated practice
paghanas = practice for developing skill

Related words and expressions

ensayo = rehearsal / practice
bansay = train / teach
bansay-bansay = practice / training
hanas = skill / expertise
tuon = study / learn
training = training
exercise = exercise

Meaning and usage notes

Use praktis for practicing a skill, song, sport, language, or presentation. Use ensayo when the focus is rehearsal or preparation. Use bansay-bansay if you want to emphasize repeated training.

exerciselearnpracticerehearsalskilltraintraining
Example 1

Magpraktis ko og Binisaya kada adlaw.

I will practice Bisaya every day.

Example 2

Nagpraktis sila para sa ilang presentasyon.

They practiced for their presentation.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

itandi

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English

to compare; to contrastverb

Alternative meanings

To examine two or more things to see their differences, similarities, advantages, or relationship.

Pronunciation

ee-TAHN-dee

Root and affixes

Related to tandi, to compare or contrast. Itandi expresses comparing one thing with another.

Variants or conjugations

compare; contrast; compare; comparison

Related words and expressions

same; different; difference; similarity; measure

Meaning and usage notes

Itandi is natural for comparing ideas, objects, results, or people. Komparar may also be understood as a modern loanword.

comparecomparisoncontrastdifferenceeducationverb
Example 1

Itandi ang duha ka tubag.

Compare the two answers.

Example 2

Ayaw itandi ang imong kaugalingon sa uban.

Do not compare yourself to others.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Timailhan

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English

sign; signal; indicationnoun

Pronunciation

tee-MY-lhan

Root and affixes

Related to timaan, mark or sign. Timailhan is used as a sign, indication, or evidence that helps recognize or understand something.

Meaning and usage notes

Use timailhan for a sign as an indication, clue, or evidence of something. If you mean a hand signal, gesture, or traffic signal, senyas or sinyal may fit better depending on the sentence.

cluecommunicationevidenceindicationmarksignsignalwarning
Example 1

Kini usa ka maayong timailhan.

This is a good sign.

Example 2

Ang aso timailhan nga adunay sunog.

Smoke is a sign that there is fire.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

manedyer

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English

manager; supervisor; administratornoun

Alternative meanings

A person who directs, manages, or supervises a business, team, office, or project.

Pronunciation

mah-neh-JER

Root and affixes

Borrowed/adapted from manager. Tagdumala can also be used for person in charge or administrator.

Variants or conjugations

manager; supervisor; person in charge; administrator

Related words and expressions

work; business; office; leader; employee

Meaning and usage notes

Manedyer is commonly used for manager in work and business contexts. Tagdumala sounds more local for person in charge or administrator.

administratorbusinessmanagernounsupervisorwork
Example 1

Ang manedyer ang modesisyon karon.

The manager will decide today.

Example 2

Siya ang tagdumala sa proyekto.

He or she is the person in charge of the project.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Bakak

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English

false / lieadjective / noun / verb

Alternative meanings

false
lie
untrue
incorrect
deceptive
to tell a lie
falsehood
not real

Pronunciation

BAH-kak

Root and affixes

Bakak is the root for false or lie. It can work as an adjective, noun, and in verb forms meaning to lie.

Variants or conjugations

bakak = false / lie
mamakak = to lie / tell lies
namakak = lied / told a lie
bakakan = to fib / to lie
bakakon = liar / false
panghimakak = deny or prove something false
peke = fake / counterfeit / imitation
palso = false, less common Spanish loanword

Related words and expressions

tinuod = true / real
sayop = mistake / wrong
peke = fake / counterfeit
limbong = deceive / fraud
atik = joke / light deception
kamatuoran = truth
pamatuod = proof / evidence

Meaning and usage notes

Use bakak for false or lie in a general sense. Use peke when talking about something counterfeit, such as fake money, a false document, or an imitation product. Tinuod is the opposite: true or real.

deceptionfakefalsefalsehoodincorrectlietruth
Example 1

Bakak kana nga istorya.

That story is false.

Example 2

Ayaw pagbakak nako.

Do not lie to me.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kutsero

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English

coachman; cart driver; carriage drivernoun

Alternative meanings

coachman; cart driver; carriage driver; a person who drives a cart, kalesa, tartanilla, or animal-drawn vehicle

Pronunciation

koot-SEH-roh

Root and affixes

Borrowed from Spanish cochero. It may also appear as kutsiru in some sources. It is related to tartanilla, kalesa, and kariton, which refer to carriages or carts.

Variants or conjugations

kutsero; kutsiru; kuchero; cochero; kalesero; tigkariton

Related words and expressions

kariton = cart or pushcart; tartanilla = horse-drawn carriage; kalesa = carriage; karwahe = carriage; drayber = driver; karetera = road

Meaning and usage notes

This entry covers carretero as a person or occupation. If Spanish carretero is used as an adjective related to road or highway, karetera or dalan may fit better depending on the sentence.

carriage drivercartcart drivercoachmanoccupationtransport
Example 1

Ang kutsero nagdala sa tartanilla sa sentro sa siyudad.

The coachman drove the tartanilla through the city center.

Example 2

Kaila siya sa karaang kutsero sa ilang lugar.

He or she knows the old coachman in their area.

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