Vocabulario – Page 23

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Guwardiya

English

guard; watchman; security guardnoun

Alternative meanings: guard; watchman; security guard; sentinel; person who keeps watch
Pronunciation: gwar-DEE-yah
Root and affixes: Loanword from Spanish guardia, adapted as guwardiya. Bantay is broader and can mean guard, caretaker, or to watch over.
Variants or conjugations: guard; watchman; sentinel; guard; watcher/caretaker
Related words and expressions: security; door/gate; guard/watch; police; guard post
Meaning and usage notes: For security guard, guwardiya is direct. For a caretaker or someone watching over something, bantay may sound more natural. Tanod is commonly used for community guards or barangay tanod.

guard, watchman, security guard

Example 1

Naa ang guwardiya sa entrada.

The guard is at the entrance.

Example 2

Ang bantay nagtan-aw sa tindahan.

The watchman is watching the store.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

porma

Art, Culture & Entertainment Ideas & Abstract Concepts Technology & Information

English

formatnoun

Alternative meanings: format
form
structure or way something is presented
shape or mold, depending on context
Pronunciation: POR-mah
Root and affixes: porma = form, figure, or mold; pagporma = formation or act of shaping
Variants or conjugations: pagporma = formation
pormat = format, modern technical variant in some contexts
format = English form used in technology
Related words and expressions: dagway = appearance or aspect
estruktura = structure
sistema = system
dokumento = document
Meaning and usage notes: Porma is the common base for form or structure. In computing or documents, pormat or format may also appear as a modern loanword for format.

documentformformatstructuretechnology

Example 1

Usba ang porma sa dokumento.

Change the format of the document.

Example 2

Nindot ang porma sa pahina.

The page format looks good.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Piskaliya

Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law Ideas & Abstract Concepts Society & Community

English

prosecutor office; prosecution office; district attorney officenoun

Alternative meanings: prosecutor office; prosecution office; public prosecution office
Pronunciation: pis-ka-LEE-yah
Root and affixes: Related to piskal, meaning prosecutor or fiscal.
Variants or conjugations: piskalya; opisina sa piskal; buhatan sa piskal
Related words and expressions: prosecutor; court; law; case; accusation
Meaning and usage notes: Use piskal for the person. Use piskaliya/piskalya or opisina sa piskal for the institution or office.

governmentinstitutionjusticelawprosecutor office

Example 1

Miadto siya sa piskaliya aron mangutana bahin sa kaso.

He or she went to the prosecutor office to ask about the case.

Example 2

Ang piskaliya nagtan-aw sa ebidensiya.

The prosecutor office reviewed the evidence.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Naapil

Actions & States Connectors & Function Words Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

included; added; comprisedadjective / participle

Alternative meanings: included; added; comprised; incorporated; counted in; part of something
Pronunciation: nah-AH-peel
Root and affixes: Comes from apil, meaning to include, participate, or be part of. Lakip also means included or including, especially in lists or documents.
Variants or conjugations: include; included/including; was included; include it; be included
Related words and expressions: list; group; part; inside; companion/included with
Meaning and usage notes: Use naapil when something has already been included. Use apil for include or participate. Use lakip for included/including in a more formal register.

included, added, comprised

Example 1

Naapil na ang bayad sa serbisyo.

The service fee is already included.

Example 2

Wala siya naapil sa lista.

He or she was not included in the list.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

magdudula sa football

Art, Culture & Entertainment People & Relationships Work & Professions

English

footballernoun

Alternative meanings: footballer
soccer player
athlete who plays football or soccer
Pronunciation: mag-doo-DOO-lah sah FOOT-ball
Root and affixes: dula = game, sport, or to play; magdudula = player; sa football = of football
Variants or conjugations: magdudula = player or athlete
atleta = athlete
football player = mixed form also understandable in modern contexts
Related words and expressions: football = football or soccer
dula = game, sport
atleta = athlete
team = team
Meaning and usage notes: Magdudula alone means player or athlete. For footballer, magdudula sa football makes the sport clear.

athletefootballfootballerplayersoccer player

Example 1

Siya usa ka maayo nga magdudula sa football.

He or she is a good footballer.

Example 2

Nangandoy siya mahimong magdudula sa football.

He or she dreams of becoming a footballer.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Dulaan

Art, Culture & Entertainment Basic Vocabulary Places & Geography

English

court; playing field; playground; place to playnoun

Alternative meanings: Dulaan can mean a place to play, a court, or a playing field. It is used for sports or recreational spaces depending on context.
Pronunciation: doo-LAH-an
Root and affixes: Root: dula = game or to play. Dulaan = place where people play or playing area.
Variants or conjugations: dulaan; lugar nga dulaan; court; field
Related words and expressions: court; playing field; sports; game; play; team; match
Meaning and usage notes: For a specific sports court, English loanwords may also be used depending on the sport, such as basketball court. Dulaan works as a general word for playing place or court/field.

courtgamematchplayplaying fieldrecreationsports

Example 1

Naa sila sa dulaan karon.

They are at the court/playing field now.

Example 2

Magdula ta sa dulaan unya.

We will play at the court/field later.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Asyenda

Economy & Business Nature & Weather Places & Geography

English

hacienda; estate; plantationnoun

Alternative meanings: hacienda; large estate; plantation; rural property; large agricultural land
Pronunciation: ahs-YEN-dah
Root and affixes: Loanword from Spanish hacienda, adapted as asyenda. Uma is a more general word for farm, field, or cultivated land.
Variants or conjugations: hacienda; hacienda; farm; plantation; ranch
Related words and expressions: farm; land; hacienda owner; crops; livestock
Meaning and usage notes: If hacienda refers to public finance or a tax department, the context changes and pinansya, tesoreriya, or departamento sa panalapi may fit. For an estate or plantation, asyenda is the main option.

hacienda, estate, plantation

Example 1

Dako kaayo ang asyenda sa ilang pamilya.

Their family hacienda is very large.

Example 2

Daghang trabahante ang nagtrabaho sa asyenda.

Many workers work on the hacienda.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

pusta

Actions & States Economy & Business Society & Community

English

betverb / noun

Alternative meanings: to bet
bet or wager
stake or money risked
to think something is likely, figuratively
Pronunciation: POOS-tah
Root and affixes: pusta = bet or to bet; gipustaan = what was bet on; ipusta = to stake as a bet
Variants or conjugations: ipusta = to bet something
gipustaan = bet on something or someone
pustahan = betting place or act of betting
Related words and expressions: sugal = gambling
peligro = risk or danger
daog = win
pildi = lose
Meaning and usage notes: Pusta is used for betting money or making a wager. It can also be used figuratively for probability, as in Pusta ko sa muulan, I bet it will rain.

betgambleriskwagerwin

Example 1

Pilay imong ipusta?

How much will you bet?

Example 2

Pusta ko nga modaog sila.

I bet they will win.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Luwason

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Body & Health

English

to save; to rescueverb

Alternative meanings: Luwason means to save or to rescue in Cebuano/Bisaya. It is used when someone saves a person, animal, or thing from danger, trouble, or harm.
Pronunciation: loo-WAH-son
Root and affixes: Root: luwas = safe, free from danger. Luwason = to save or bring someone to safety. Related: kaluwasan = safety or salvation.
Variants or conjugations: luwason; luwas; giluwas; kaluwasan
Related words and expressions: save; rescue; protect; safe; safety; danger; help
Meaning and usage notes: Luwason can be used for physically saving someone or rescuing them from a difficult situation. Kaluwasan is the related noun: safety, salvation, or being safe.

dangerhelpprotectrescuesafesafetysave

Example 1

Luwason nato siya sa peligro.

Let us save him/her from danger.

Example 2

Giluwas niya ang bata.

He/She saved the child.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Espesyalizado

Basic Vocabulary Education & Learning Qualities & Descriptions Technology & Information Work & Professions

English

specialized; specialistadjective

Alternative meanings: specialized; expert in a field; made for a specific function; focused on a specialty
Pronunciation: es-peh-syah-lee-SAH-doh
Root and affixes: Related to espesyalista, specialist, and espisipiko, specific. Used for people, services, tools, jobs, or knowledge with a specific focus.
Variants or conjugations: specialist; special; specific; special-purpose; specialty
Related words and expressions: specialist; expert; skill; work; education; specific
Meaning and usage notes: For a specialized person, espesyalista or eksperto may sound more natural. For a specialized tool or service, espesyalizado or espisipiko can work depending on context.

educationexpertspecialistspecializedtechnologywork

Example 1

Kinahanglan namo og espesyalizado nga tabang.

We need specialized help.

Example 2

Espesyalizado siya sa teknolohiya.

He or she is specialized in technology.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Igo

Actions & States Ideas & Abstract Concepts Qualities & Descriptions

English

to suffice; to be enough; enough; sufficientverb / adjective

Alternative meanings: to suffice; to be enough; to be adequate; enough; sufficient; just right
Pronunciation: EE-goh
Root and affixes: Igo can function as an adjective, adverb, or verb. Igo na means enough already or it is sufficient now.
Variants or conjugations: enough already; just enough; make enough; fit/be enough; right/adequate
Related words and expressions: right; lacking; excess; need; amount
Meaning and usage notes: For bastar in the sense of being sufficient, igo is natural. If you mean stop/enough as a command, igo na or hunong na can work depending on tone.

suffice, enough, be adequate

Example 1

Igo na kini para nato.

This is enough for us.

Example 2

Muigo ba ang kwarta?

Will the money be enough?

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Paglikay

Basic Vocabulary Body & Health Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

prevention; avoidancenoun

Alternative meanings: Paglikay means prevention or avoidance in Cebuano/Bisaya. It refers to the act of avoiding a problem, danger, illness, or unwanted situation before it happens.
Pronunciation: pag-li-KAI
Root and affixes: Root: likay = to avoid, to dodge. Paglikay turns the action into a noun: prevention, avoidance, or the act of avoiding.
Variants or conjugations: paglikay; likay; likayan; palikay
Related words and expressions: prevention; avoidance; avoid; prevent; care; protection; risk; danger
Meaning and usage notes: Paglikay is better when talking about prevention as a concept or measure. To say to avoid something directly, use likayan.

avoidavoidancecarepreventpreventionprotectionrisk

Example 1

Importante ang paglikay sa sakit.

Disease prevention is important.

Example 2

Ang paglikay sa peligro makatabang sa tanan.

Avoiding danger helps everyone.

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