Vocabulario – Page 3

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Insidente

English

incidence; incident; occurrence; casenoun

Alternative meanings: An event, occurrence, or case that happens and can be recorded, reported, or analyzed. In statistics or health, incidence can refer to the frequency or rate at which new cases appear in a population.
Pronunciation: in-see-DEN-teh
Root and affixes: Loanword adapted from incident. It is related to hitabo or panghitabo, event or occurrence. For incidence as a rate, it can be expressed as gidaghanon sa bag-ong kaso or tasa sa insidente.
Variants or conjugations: event; occurrence; accident; case; incident rate; number of cases
Related words and expressions: event; case; report; statistics; situation; impact; accident
Meaning and usage notes: Insidente works for incidencia when referring to a case, event, or report. If incidence means statistical frequency, it is better explained as a rate or number of new cases.

caseincidenceincidentoccurrencerate

Example 1

Gi-report sa pulis ang insidente.

The police reported the incident.

Example 2

Misaka ang gidaghanon sa bag-ong kaso sa sakit.

The incidence of the disease increased.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Dawat

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Connectors & Function Words Society & Community

English

to receive; to accept; to welcome; acceptanceverb / noun

Alternative meanings: To receive, accept, or admit a person, idea, application, guest, gift, or situation. It can express welcoming someone into a place or accepting something formally or personally.
Pronunciation: DAH-waht
Root and affixes: Root: dawat, to receive or accept. Common forms include modawat, to receive or accept; gidawat, received or accepted; dawaton, will be received or accepted; and dawata, receive or accept.
Variants or conjugations: modawat; magdawat; gidawat; dawaton; dawata; abiabi; pag-abiabi
Related words and expressions: welcome; guest; gift; application; acceptance; acknowledgment; approval
Meaning and usage notes: Dawat works for acoger when it means to receive or accept. If the idea is to welcome warmly, abiabi or pag-abiabi may be more specific.

acceptacceptanceadmitreceivewelcome

Example 1

Gidawat nila ang mga bisita sa ilang balay.

They welcomed the guests into their home.

Example 2

Dawaton nato ang iyang sugyot.

We will accept the proposal.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pagkunhod

Basic Vocabulary Economy & Business Ideas & Abstract Concepts Numbers & Quantities

English

decrease; reduction; decline; decrementnoun

Alternative meanings: The act or result of becoming smaller in amount, size, intensity, value, or importance. It can refer to a decrease, reduction, deduction, drop, or decline.
Pronunciation: pag-KOON-hod
Root and affixes: Comes from kunhod, to reduce, diminish, or lower. Related forms include mikunhod, decreased; nagkunhod, decreasing; kunhoran, to reduce something; and pakunhod, to mitigate or make smaller.
Variants or conjugations: kunhod; mikunhod; nagkunhod; nikunhod; kunhoran; pakunhod; pagminus
Related words and expressions: minus; lower; short; deduction; lowering; growth; increase
Meaning and usage notes: Pagkunhod works for decrease, reduction, or decrement. For discount or deduction of money, iban can also be useful. For a drop in price or level, pag-ubos may appear depending on context.

declinedecreasedecrementdropreduction

Example 1

Adunay pagkunhod sa presyo sa bugas.

There is a decrease in the price of rice.

Example 2

Nikunhod ang gidaghanon sa mga estudyante.

The number of students decreased.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Mahadlok

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Body & Health Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

to fear; to be afraid; to get scaredverb

Alternative meanings: To feel fear, dread, or worry toward a person, thing, situation, danger, or possible result. It can also express being scared or afraid to do something.
Pronunciation: mah-HAD-lok
Root and affixes: Comes from hadlok, fear or something scary. Related forms include kahadlok, fear or dread; nahadlok, got scared; makahadlok, frightening; and gikahadlokan, feared.
Variants or conjugations: hadlok; kahadlok; nahadlok; mahadlokon; makahadlok; gikahadlokan; kuyawan
Related words and expressions: danger; worry; feared thing; cowardly; courage; safety
Meaning and usage notes: Mahadlok is used for to fear or to be afraid. Kahadlok is the noun fear or dread. Kuyawan can also express feeling scared or alarmed by something.

be afraiddreadfearget scaredscared

Example 1

Mahadlok ko sa kangitngit.

I am afraid of the dark.

Example 2

Ayaw kahadlok sa pagsugod pag-usab.

Do not fear starting again.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Anibersaryo

Art, Culture & Entertainment Basic Vocabulary Society & Community Time & Calendar

English

anniversary; commemorative datenoun

Alternative meanings: A date on which one remembers or celebrates that one or more years have passed since an important event, such as a wedding, relationship, founding, death, achievement, or special occasion.
Pronunciation: ah-nee-ber-SAR-yoh
Root and affixes: Loanword adapted from Spanish aniversario. Anibirsaryu also exists as a variant. Kaadlawan can mean anniversary or birthday depending on context.
Variants or conjugations: anibirsaryu; anniversary or birthday; wedding anniversary; happy anniversary; day of remembrance
Related words and expressions: celebration; wedding; remembrance; year; date; day; occasion
Meaning and usage notes: Anibersaryo is used for anniversary in general. For birthday, kaadlawan or adlawng natawhan can be used; for wedding anniversary, anibersaryo sa kasal.

anniversarycelebrationcommemorationdatewedding

Example 1

Malipayong anibersaryo sa inyong duha.

Happy anniversary to both of you.

Example 2

Karong adlawa ang anibersaryo sa ilang kasal.

Today is their wedding anniversary.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pintal

Actions & States Art, Culture & Entertainment Basic Vocabulary Home & Objects

English

to paint; paint; paintingverb / noun

Alternative meanings: To apply paint, color, or pigment to a surface, object, wall, house, image, or face. It can also refer to paint as the material used to cover or decorate.
Pronunciation: PIN-tahl
Root and affixes: Root: pintal, paint or to paint. Common forms include pintalan, to paint something; gipintalan, painted; mamintal, to put on makeup or paint oneself; and pinintal, painting or painted work.
Variants or conjugations: pintura; pintalan; gipintalan; mamintal; pinintal; pagpintal
Related words and expressions: color; brush; wall; house; art; picture; painter
Meaning and usage notes: Pintal is used both for paint as a material and for to paint. Pintura is also used for painting or artwork. In some contexts it can mean to put on lipstick or makeup.

brushcolorpaintpaintingto paint

Example 1

Pintali og asul ang dingding.

Paint the wall blue.

Example 2

Nagpintal siya og hulagway sa tanaman.

He or she painted a picture of the garden.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Sinaw

Actions & States Art, Culture & Entertainment Basic Vocabulary Qualities & Descriptions

English

to shine; to look shiny; shiny; lusterverb / adjective / noun

Alternative meanings: To shine, reflect light, or look glossy. It can also describe something that looks bright, clean, polished, or striking.
Pronunciation: SEE-now
Root and affixes: Root: sinaw, shine or luster. It can function as a noun, luster; adjective, shiny; or verb, to shine or look glossy.
Variants or conjugations: will shine; shining; very shiny; to polish; shining; good-looking
Related words and expressions: bright; light; clean; polish; look; wear; handsome or pretty
Meaning and usage notes: Sinaw works for lucir when it means to shine or look glossy. For to look good, nindot tan-awon is common. For wearing or showing clothing, use sul-ob.

glossylook goodlustershineshiny

Example 1

Mosinaw ang salamin kung limpyo.

The mirror shines when it is clean.

Example 2

Nindot tan-awon ang iyang sinina.

The clothes look good.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Patay

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law Society & Community

English

to kill; to murder; deadverb / noun / adjective

Alternative meanings: To take the life of a person or living being. In legal or criminal context, it can mean to murder, intentional killing, or homicide depending on the situation.
Pronunciation: PAH-tie
Root and affixes: Root: patay, dead or to kill. Common forms include mopatay, to kill; gipatay, was killed or murdered; pagpatay, killing or murder; and pumatay, killer in some contexts.
Variants or conjugations: mopatay; magpatay; gipatay; pagpatay; killing a person; homicide; murder
Related words and expressions: victim; crime; law; police; court; life; death
Meaning and usage notes: Patay can mean dead or to kill. For murder in a criminal sense, context with pagpatay, gipatay, or pagpatay sa tawo is used. Homisidyo also appears as a loanword for homicide.

crimehomicidekillkillingmurder

Example 1

Gipatay ang biktima kagabii.

The victim was killed last night.

Example 2

Gidili sa balaod ang pagpatay sa tawo.

The law forbids killing a person.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Batasan

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts Qualities & Descriptions Society & Community

English

custom; habit; behavior; mannersnoun

Alternative meanings: A usual way of acting, behaving, or doing something, whether of a person, family, community, or culture. It can also refer to manners, conduct, or a repeated practice.
Pronunciation: bah-TAH-sahn
Root and affixes: Root: batasan. It can express custom, habit, behavior, or manners. It is related to anad, to become accustomed, and naandan, accustomed or habitual.
Variants or conjugations: customary; accustomed; nature; manners; custom; habitual behavior
Related words and expressions: habit; manners; tradition; culture; rule; action; accustomed
Meaning and usage notes: Batasan works for custom as a habit or way of acting. Naandan is used for something accustomed, usual, or traditional. Kostumbre can also appear as a Spanish loanword.

behaviorcustomhabitmannerstradition

Example 1

Batasan namo nga mag-ampo una mokaon.

It is our custom to pray before eating.

Example 2

Maayo ang iyang batasan.

That person has good manners.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Gahum

Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law Ideas & Abstract Concepts Technology & Information

English

dominion; power; control; authoritynoun

Alternative meanings: Power, control, or authority over a person, territory, subject, situation, or area. It can also express dominion as the ability to command, influence, or control something.
Pronunciation: GAH-hoom
Root and affixes: Root: gahum, power or authority. Related forms include gamhanan, powerful; kagamhanan, government or authority; and makagagahum, very powerful.
Variants or conjugations: gahom; authorities; control; dominion; territory; domain
Related words and expressions: power; authority; control; command; govern; territory; government
Meaning and usage notes: Gahum works for dominion as power, control, or authority. If domain means territory, tirituryu may be used. If it means a web domain, domain or domain name is usually used in digital contexts.

authoritycontroldominionpowerweb domain

Example 1

Anaa siya sa gahum sa hari.

That person is under the authority of the king.

Example 2

Importante ang domain name sa usa ka website.

The domain name is important for a website.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Dumala

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Economy & Business Government, Politics & Law

English

to govern; to administer; to manage; to directverb

Alternative meanings: To exercise authority over, direct, or administer a country, institution, organization, community, project, or group. It can also mean to manage, supervise, or be in charge of something.
Pronunciation: doo-MAH-lah
Root and affixes: Root: dumala. Related forms include magdumala, to govern or administer; pagdumala, governance, management, or administration; and tig-/manugdumala, administrator or leader.
Variants or conjugations: magdumala; pagdumala; gidumala; dumalahan; manugdumala; tig-dumala
Related words and expressions: government; authorities; leader; power; administration; command
Meaning and usage notes: Dumala works for to govern, administer, or manage. For government as an institution, use gobyerno or kagamhanan; for governance or management, use pagdumala.

administerdirectgoverngovernmentmanage

Example 1

Siya ang magdumala sa lungsod.

He or she will govern the city.

Example 2

Maayo ang pagdumala sa proyekto.

The management of the project is good.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Mapa

Basic Vocabulary Education & Learning Places & Geography Travel & Transportation

English

map; plan; geographic representationnoun

Alternative meanings: A visual representation of a place, territory, route, or space. It can show countries, cities, streets, roads, mountains, rivers, boundaries, or locations.
Pronunciation: MAH-pah
Root and affixes: Loanword from Spanish mapa. In modern contexts it can also be used for digital maps or app locations.
Variants or conjugations: world map; city map; digital map; plan; location
Related words and expressions: place; road; direction; land; geography; travel; location
Meaning and usage notes: Mapa is used like map in English for a geographic representation. For a floor plan or building plan, plano may fit depending on context.

geographylocationmapplanroute

Example 1

Tan-awa ang mapa aron makita ang dalan.

Look at the map to find the way.

Example 2

Nawala kami kay wala mi mapa.

We got lost because we did not have a map.

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