Vocabulario – Page 4

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Wala

English

left; left side; left-handadjective / noun

Alternative meanings: The side or direction opposite the right. It can refer to the left hand, the left side of a body or object, or a direction toward the left.
Pronunciation: WAH-lah
Root and affixes: Wala can mean left when used as a direction or side. With other stress or context, walà can also mean no, none, or absence.
Variants or conjugations: on the left; left hand; left-handed; to go left; keep left; turn left
Related words and expressions: right; side; hand; direction; turn; left side
Meaning and usage notes: To avoid confusion with wala meaning no or none, directions often use sa wala, to the left. Walhon can mean left-handed or leftist.

directionleftleft handleft sideleft-handed

Example 1

Liko sa wala sa sunod nga eskina.

Turn left at the next corner.

Example 2

Sakit ang akong wala nga kamot.

My left hand hurts.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Bidyo

Art, Culture & Entertainment Basic Vocabulary Education & Learning Technology & Information

English

video; video recording; audiovisual recordingnoun

Alternative meanings: A recording or transmission of moving images, usually with sound. It can refer to a file, digital content, internet video, short film, or visual signal.
Pronunciation: BID-yoh
Root and affixes: Loanword adapted from English video. It can also be written video in modern or digital contexts.
Variants or conjugations: video; bidiyo; videos; video clip; video recording; movie
Related words and expressions: record; camera; audio; image; movie; internet; YouTube
Meaning and usage notes: Bidyo is an adapted and common form for video. In technology and social media, the English spelling video is also widely used.

audiovisualclipdigital contentvideovideo recording

Example 1

Tan-awa ang bidyo sa imong telepono.

Watch the video on your phone.

Example 2

Nagrekord siya og bidyo para sa proyekto.

He or she recorded a video for the project.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pamatuod

Basic Vocabulary Government, Politics & Law Ideas & Abstract Concepts Society & Community

English

testimony; proof; evidencenoun

Alternative meanings: Testimony, proof, or evidence that confirms, demonstrates, or supports a claim, fact, experience, or version of events.
Pronunciation: pah-mah-TOO-od
Root and affixes: Related to tinuod, true, and to the idea of proving or showing that something is true.
Variants or conjugations: testimony; evidence; statement; witness; proof
Related words and expressions: evidence; statement; witness; truth; confirm; court
Meaning and usage notes: Pamatuod can work as testimony or proof. For a formal statement, pahayag may fit; for physical evidence, ebidensya is more direct; for witness, saksi may be used depending on context.

caseconfirmationcourtevidencelegalproofstatementtestimonytruthwitness

Example 1

Ang iyang pamatuod importante sa kaso.

His/her testimony is important in the case.

Example 2

Aduna bay pamatuod nga tinuod kini?

Is there proof that this is true?

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pahulay

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Body & Health Time & Calendar

English

rest; break; pause; to restnoun / verb

Alternative meanings: A time or action of stopping to recover energy, relax, or suspend an activity for a moment. It can also refer to a pause, recess, or physical rest.
Pronunciation: pah-HOO-lie
Root and affixes: Comes from hulay, respite or temporary relief, with pa- forming pahulay, rest, pause, or to rest.
Variants or conjugations: pahuway; will rest; rested; resting; resting place; respite
Related words and expressions: calm; sleep; work break; recess; resting place; body
Meaning and usage notes: Pahulay works for rest, break, pause, or repose. Pahuway is a common variant. For sleep, use tulog, although sleeping can also be a form of rest.

breakpauserecessreposerest

Example 1

Kinahanglan ko og pahulay.

I need a rest.

Example 2

Mipahulay siya human sa trabaho.

He or she rested after work.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Palig-on

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Economy & Business Ideas & Abstract Concepts Qualities & Descriptions

English

to consolidate; to reinforce; to strengthenverb

Alternative meanings: To consolidate, reinforce, strengthen, or make something firmer. It can refer to a structure, project, agreement, position, relationship, team, or idea.
Pronunciation: pah-LIG-on
Root and affixes: Related to lig-on, firm or strong. Palig-on expresses making something stronger, firmer, or more stable.
Variants or conjugations: palig-on; firm; strength; strengthening; be strengthened
Related words and expressions: stability; firm; integration; unity; strength; foundation
Meaning and usage notes: Palig-on works for consolidate when it means to strengthen or make firmer. If consolidate means to unite or integrate parts, paghiusa may fit better.

agreementconsolidatefoundationmake firmprojectreinforcestabilitystrengthenstructureteam

Example 1

Kinahanglan palig-onon ang ilang kasabutan.

They need to consolidate their agreement.

Example 2

Palig-onon nato ang pundasyon sa proyekto.

Let us strengthen the foundation of the project.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Tibuok

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts Numbers & Quantities Qualities & Descriptions

English

whole; entire; complete; totaladjective / noun

Alternative meanings: Complete, undivided, lacking no parts, or considered in its entirety. It can describe objects, time, groups, quantities, or complete ideas.
Pronunciation: tee-BOO-ok
Root and affixes: Root: tibuok. Related forms include katibuok, wholeness or entirety; kinatibuk-an, totality or whole set; and sa tibuok, throughout the whole.
Variants or conjugations: wholeness; entirety; throughout; whole; make whole; all
Related words and expressions: complete; all; whole; nothing missing; totality; entirety
Meaning and usage notes: Tibuok is used for whole or complete when something is viewed as one complete unit. Tanan means all or everything as a set of elements; tibuok emphasizes the complete unit.

allcompleteentiretotalwhole

Example 1

Gikaon niya ang tibuok pan.

He or she ate the whole bread.

Example 2

Nagtrabaho siya sa tibuok adlaw.

He or she worked the entire day.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Relatibo

Basic Vocabulary Education & Learning Ideas & Abstract Concepts Qualities & Descriptions

English

relative; related; context-dependentadjective

Alternative meanings: Depending on a relationship, comparison, or context; not absolute. It can also mean related to something depending on usage.
Pronunciation: reh-lah-TEE-boh
Root and affixes: Loanword adapted from relativo/relative. For related to something, may kalabutan is also used; for a family relative, use kabanay.
Variants or conjugations: relative; related; context; not absolute
Related words and expressions: related; relation; family relative; context; comparison; absolute
Meaning and usage notes: Relatibo works for relative as not absolute or context-dependent. If you mean family relative, use kabanay. If you mean related, may kalabutan is more natural.

adjectivecomparisoncontextcontext-dependentdependentfamily relativenot absoluterelatedrelationrelative

Example 1

Relatibo ang tubag depende sa konteksto.

The answer is relative depending on the context.

Example 2

Relatibo ra ang kahinungdanon niini.

The importance of this is only relative.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Gene

Basic Vocabulary Body & Health Education & Learning Technology & Information

English

genenoun

Alternative meanings: A unit of hereditary information passed from parents to offspring that helps determine traits or characteristics of an organism.
Pronunciation: JEEN
Root and affixes: Technical loanword from English gene. Related to DNA, genetics, and heredity.
Variants or conjugations: gene; gen; hene; genetic; DNA
Related words and expressions: DNA; heredity; lineage; organism; cell; trait
Meaning and usage notes: Gene is used as a technical term for gen. Kaliwatan can relate to lineage or generation, but it is not exactly gene.

biologycellDNAgenegeneticgeneticsheredityinheritanceorganismtrait

Example 1

Ang gene makatabang sa pagtino sa pipila ka kinaiya.

The gene helps determine some traits.

Example 2

Gitun-an nila ang gene ug DNA sa organismo.

They studied the gene and DNA of the organism.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Balik-balik

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Connectors & Function Words Technology & Information

English

to reiterate; to repeat; to say again; repeatedlyverb / adverb

Alternative meanings: To say, do, or mention something again, especially when it is repeated several times to insist, clarify, or reinforce an idea.
Pronunciation: BAH-lik BAH-lik
Root and affixes: Comes from balik, to return or go back. The reduplication balik-balik expresses repeating, reiterating, or doing something over and over.
Variants or conjugations: balik; magbalik-balik; nagbalik-balik; usbon; usab; sublion; pagsubli
Related words and expressions: repeat; again; return; say; reminder; clear
Meaning and usage notes: Balik-balik works for to reiterate or repeat several times. Usbon can also mean to repeat or do again, although in some contexts it can mean to change or modify.

insistover and overreiteraterepeatsay again

Example 1

Balik-balikon nako ang akong giingon.

I will repeat what I said.

Example 2

Nagbalik-balik siya sa iyang hangyo.

He or she reiterated the request several times.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Demanda

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Economy & Business Government, Politics & Law Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

to sue; lawsuit; demand; to demandnoun / verb

Alternative meanings: To sue, file a lawsuit, demand, claim, or ask forcefully. It can also refer to market demand or need for something, depending on context.
Pronunciation: deh-MAN-dah
Root and affixes: Loanword related to demanda. It can work as a noun, lawsuit or demand, and as a verb, to sue or demand.
Variants or conjugations: demanda; to sue; lawsuit; claim; demand
Related words and expressions: lawyer; court; complaint; request; need; law
Meaning and usage notes: Demanda works for lawsuit, to sue, or to demand. For complaining or filing a complaint, moreklamo/reklamo may fit; for asking normally, hangyo or mangayo are softer.

claimdemandlawsuitlawyermarket demandneedrequireto demandto suetrial

Example 1

Gusto niya modemandar sa kompanya.

He/she wants to sue the company.

Example 2

Nitaas ang demanda sa produkto.

The demand for the product increased.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Gidugayon

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts Numbers & Quantities Time & Calendar

English

duration; length of time; periodnoun

Alternative meanings: The amount of time something lasts, a time interval, or the period during which an action, event, process, or situation occurs.
Pronunciation: gee-doo-GAH-yohn
Root and affixes: Comes from dugay, long in time or slow, with gi- and -on forming gidugayon, duration or length of time.
Variants or conjugations: dugay; length of time; duration of time; time; term; interval
Related words and expressions: hour; time; day; week; month; long; short
Meaning and usage notes: Gidugayon is a precise form for duration. Dugay describes something that takes a long time or lasts long; mubo can express short duration depending on context.

durationintervallength of timeperiodtime

Example 1

Unsa ang gidugayon sa klase?

What is the duration of the class?

Example 2

Mubo ra ang gidugayon sa miting.

The duration of the meeting was short.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Tagasunod

Basic Vocabulary People & Relationships Society & Community Technology & Information

English

follower; supporternoun

Alternative meanings: A person who follows someone, an idea, cause, group, leader, account, or movement. It can refer to a social media follower or a supporter.
Pronunciation: tah-gah-SOO-nod
Root and affixes: Comes from sunod, to follow or next, with taga- indicating a person associated with the action.
Variants or conjugations: follower; one who follows; to follow; supporter
Related words and expressions: follow; tracking; leader; group; support; supporter
Meaning and usage notes: Tagasunod is natural for follower in a general or social sense. If talking about a subscriber, a more specific term may be needed depending on the platform.

audiencefanfollowfollowergroupleadersocial mediasubscribersupportsupporter

Example 1

Daghan siyag tagasunod sa social media.

He/she has many followers on social media.

Example 2

Ang tagasunod misunod sa iyang lider.

The follower followed his/her leader.

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