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Bisaya · Cebuano

Vocabulary

Learn Bisaya words with meanings, pronunciation, variants, notes, and examples.

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Tulog

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English

to sleep / sleepverb / noun / adjective

Alternative meanings

to sleep
sleep
asleep
to rest by sleeping
to go to sleep
sleeping
sleep period

Pronunciation

TOO-log

Root and affixes

Tulog is the root for sleep or to sleep. Matulog means to sleep or go to sleep; natulog can mean slept or is sleeping; katulog can name sleep or slumber.

Variants or conjugations

tulog = sleep / to sleep / asleep
matulog = to sleep / go to sleep
natulog = slept / is sleeping
nakatulog = managed to sleep / fell asleep
katulog = sleep / slumber
katulgon = sleepy
walay tulog = sleepless / without sleep
pakatulog = to put someone to sleep

Related words and expressions

pahulay = rest / to rest
gabii = night
damgo = dream
higda = lie down
katre = bed
kwarto = room
kapoy = tired

Meaning and usage notes

Use tulog for sleep as rest. If you mean dream, use damgo. To say I am sleepy, you can say katulgon ko.

asleepbedbedtimenightrestsleeptired
Example 1

Matulog na ko kay kapoy kaayo ko.

I am going to sleep because I am very tired.

Example 2

Nakatulog siya og sayo kagabii.

He/She fell asleep early last night.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Konsentrasyon

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English

concentration / focusnoun

Alternative meanings

concentration; mental focus; intense attention; density; accumulation; gathering of people or things

Pronunciation

kon-sen-trah-SYON

Root and affixes

Konsentrasyon is a loanword related to konsentrar, to concentrate, and konsentrado, concentrated. For the act of mentally concentrating, mag-konsentrar or motutok may also be used depending on context.

Variants or conjugations

konsentrasyon; konsentrar; konsentrado; pagtutok; pagpunting; pagtagbo; panagtigom

Related words and expressions

konsentrar = to concentrate; konsentrado = concentrated; tutok = to focus or stare; atensyon = attention; hunahuna = thought; tigom = gather

Meaning and usage notes

Konsentrasyon works for mental concentration, chemical concentration, or concentration of people. For everyday mental focus, pagtutok or atensyon may sound more natural. For a mass gathering of people, panagtigom or pagtapok may also fit.

accumulationattentionconcentrationdensityfocusgathering
Example 1

Kinahanglan og konsentrasyon ang pagtuon.

Studying requires concentration.

Example 2

Taas ang konsentrasyon sa asin sa tubig.

The concentration of salt in the water is high.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

disiplina

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English

discipline; order; self-controlnoun

Alternative meanings

The ability to follow rules, keep order, or act with consistency and control.

Pronunciation

dee-see-PLEE-nah

Root and affixes

Borrowed/adapted from disciplina. Used in education, work, family, and personal life.

Variants or conjugations

disiplina; disciplined; disciplining

Related words and expressions

order; behavior; school; work; self-control

Meaning and usage notes

Can refer to personal discipline, school rules, conduct, or habit building.

disciplineeducationnounorderself-controlwork
Example 1

Importante ang disiplina sa pagtuon.

Discipline is important for studying.

Example 2

Naa siyay disiplina sa trabaho.

He or she has discipline at work.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Tono

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English

tone; pitch; tunenoun

Alternative meanings

tone; pitch; tone of voice; musical tone; tune or intonation depending on context

Pronunciation

TOH-noh

Root and affixes

Loanword from Spanish tono. It is used for tone, pitch, or tune. For voice or sound, the related native word is tingog.

Variants or conjugations

tingog; tunog; tono sa tingog; tono sa musika

Related words and expressions

voice; music; song; sound; hearing

Meaning and usage notes

Tono is understood as tone or pitch. For tone of voice, tono sa tingog can be used. If talking about a shade of color, another construction may be needed depending on context.

tone, voice, music
Example 1

Usba ang tono sa imong tingog.

Change the tone of your voice.

Example 2

Hataas ang tono sa kanta.

The song has a high pitch.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Bakuna

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English

vaccine; vaccination; to vaccinatenoun / verb

Pronunciation

bah-KOO-nah

Root and affixes

Borrowed from Spanish vacuna. In Cebuano, bakuna can work as a noun for vaccine or vaccination, and also as a verb meaning to vaccinate or get vaccinated.

Meaning and usage notes

Use bakuna for vaccine or vaccination. For “to give a vaccine,” bakunahan or magbakuna may be used. For “to get vaccinated,” magpabakuna is a common form.

diseasehealthimmunizationinjectionmedicineprotectionvaccinationvaccine
Example 1

Kinahanglan ang bakuna aron malikayan ang sakit.

The vaccine is necessary to prevent the disease.

Example 2

Magpabakuna ko ugma.

I will get vaccinated tomorrow.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Eskala

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English

stopover / layovernoun

Alternative meanings

travel stopover; intermediate stop; connection; brief stop; layover

Pronunciation

es-KAH-lah

Root and affixes

Eskala comes from Spanish escala. In Cebuano it is especially used for a stopover or stop on a travel route. For scale as a measure, standard, or criterion, sukdanan or sukod is usually more precise depending on context.

Variants or conjugations

eskala; stopover; layover; parada; koneksyon; hunong

Related words and expressions

biyahe = trip; hunong = to stop or stop; destinasyon = destination; eroplano = airplane; barko = ship; ruta = route; sukdanan = scale as criterion or measure

Meaning and usage notes

This entry covers escala as a travel stop. For a measurement scale or scale from 1 to 10, sukdanan or sukod may be more precise. For musical scale, it can be explained as sukdanan sa tono or with musical terms depending on context.

connectionintermediate stoplayoverroutestopovertravel stop
Example 1

Aduna mi eskala sa Manila sa among biyahe paingon sa Cebu.

We have a layover in Manila on our trip to Cebu.

Example 2

Mubo ra ang eskala sa barko sa pantalan.

The ship stopover at the port was brief.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Tip

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English

tape / ribbonnoun / verb

Alternative meanings

tape
adhesive tape
ribbon
recording tape
measuring tape
magnetic tape
long thin strip
to tape

Pronunciation

TEEP

Root and affixes

Tip is a loanword from English tape adapted into Cebuano. It can name a physical tape or the act of taping or recording, depending on context.

Variants or conjugations

tip = tape / measuring tape / recording tape
teyp = tape, modern form influenced by English or Filipino
laso = decorative ribbon / bow
liston = ribbon / lace / cord
adhesive tape = adhesive tape
panukod nga tip = measuring tape

Related words and expressions

laso = decorative ribbon / bow
liston = ribbon / lace / cord
pilit = stick / adhesive
sukod = measure / measurement
rekord = record / recording
pelikula = movie / film
gunting = scissors

Meaning and usage notes

Use tip for adhesive tape, recording tape, or measuring tape. If you mean a decorative ribbon for hair, a gift, or a bow, laso or liston may sound better.

adhesive tapemeasuring tapeobjectrecordrecording taperibbontape
Example 1

Ibutang ang tip sa kahon aron dili maabli.

Put tape on the box so it will not open.

Example 2

Gamita ang tip sa pagsukod sa lamesa.

Use the measuring tape to measure the table.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Nganlan

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English

name; give a name; designateverb

Alternative meanings

name; give a name; call by name; mention; designate for a role

Pronunciation

NGAN-lahn

Root and affixes

From ngalan, name. Nganlan or panganlan expresses the action of giving a name, naming, or designating.

Variants or conjugations

panganlan; ngalan; ginganlan; tawgon; tudlo

Related words and expressions

name; naming; call; duty; position

Meaning and usage notes

Nganlan works for naming or giving a name. If nombrar means officially appointing someone to a position, tudlo is also a common form.

name, naming, designate
Example 1

Ginganlan nila ang bata ug Mateo.

They named the child Mateo.

Example 2

Ginganlan siya nga lider sa grupo.

He or she was designated as leader of the group.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

kahoy

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English

tree; woodnoun

Alternative meanings

A large plant with a trunk and branches; it can also refer to wood as a material.

Pronunciation

KAH-hoy

Root and affixes

Kahoy is used for both tree and wood, depending on context.

Variants or conjugations

kahoy; punoan; trees/wooded things

Related words and expressions

plant; leaf; root; branch; forest

Meaning and usage notes

If you need to be very specific about a living tree, the context usually makes the meaning clear. For wood as a material, kahoy is also used.

naturenounplanttreewood
Example 1

Dako kaayo ang kahoy sa atubangan sa balay.

The tree in front of the house is very big.

Example 2

Gihimo sa kahoy ang lamesa.

The table is made of wood.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Diskusyon

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English

discussionnoun

Pronunciation

dis-koos-YON

Root and affixes

Adapted loanword from discusión/discussion. In Cebuano, diskusyon is used for a discussion or exchange of ideas. For the verb to discuss a topic, hisgot is also very natural.

Meaning and usage notes

Use diskusyon for a neutral discussion, exchange of ideas, or treatment of a topic. If the discussion is a verbal fight or strong disagreement, lalis may be more precise. If it is a formal discussion with arguments, debate or lantugi may also fit.

conversationDebatediscussionexchangeideasmeetingopiniontopic
Example 1

Nindot ang diskusyon bahin sa edukasyon.

The discussion about education was good.

Example 2

Human sa taas nga diskusyon, nakahimo sila og desisyon.

After a long discussion, they made a decision.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pang-turismo

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English

touristic / tourism-relatedadjective and phrase

Alternative meanings

touristic; tourism-related; for tourists; related to tourism; visitor-oriented; connected with tourist activity

Pronunciation

pang-too-REES-moh

Root and affixes

It comes from turismo, tourism, with pang-, used to form expressions of purpose or relation. It can also be expressed as may kalabutan sa turismo, related to tourism.

Variants or conjugations

pang-turismo; pangturismo; turismo; turista; may kalabutan sa turismo; para sa turista

Related words and expressions

turismo = tourism; turista = tourist; biyahe = trip; destinasyon = destination; lugar = place; hotel = hotel; giya = guide

Meaning and usage notes

Pang-turismo works well for phrases like tourist place, tourism activity, or tourism-related service. To simply say tourism, use turismo. For a person traveling for pleasure, use turista. For a clearer explanation, may kalabutan sa turismo means related to tourism.

tourismtourism-relatedtouristtourist destinationtouristicvisitors
Example 1

Daghang pang-turismo nga lugar sa Cebu.

There are many tourist places in Cebu.

Example 2

Ang proyekto nagtabang sa pang-turismo nga negosyo.

The project helps tourism-related businesses.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

nihit

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English

scarce; rare; limitedadjective

Alternative meanings

Existing in small quantity, not abundant, or difficult to find.

Pronunciation

NEE-hit

Root and affixes

Nihit is used to express scarcity or rarity.

Variants or conjugations

nihit; kulang; gamay; not many

Related words and expressions

lacking; enough; many; little; shortage

Meaning and usage notes

Nihit fits scarce or rare best. Kulang is more often used for insufficient or lacking something.

adjectivefewlimitedquantityrarescarce
Example 1

Nihit ang tubig sa maong lugar.

Water is scarce in that place.

Example 2

Nihit na kaayo kini nga matang sa tanom.

This kind of plant is now very rare.

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