Vocabulario – Page 54

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Diha-diha

English

immediate; immediately; right away; at onceadjective / adverb

Alternative meanings: immediate; instantaneous; immediately; right away; without delay
Pronunciation: dee-HAH-dee-HAH
Root and affixes: Reduplicated form of diha. The repetition intensifies the idea of something happening right then and there.
Variants or conjugations: dihadiha; diha-diha dayon; dayon; gilayon
Related words and expressions: now; right away; fast; time; action
Meaning and usage notes: Diha-diha works well for immediate or immediately. Dayon is more common in daily conversation for right away or then, depending on context.

immediate, time, speed

Example 1

Kinahanglan nato og diha-diha nga tubag.

We need an immediate answer.

Example 2

Buhata diha-diha.

Do it right away.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

mooperar

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary Body & Health Technology & Information Work & Professions

English

to operate; to function; to perform surgeryverb

Alternative meanings: To run or control a system, machine, or business; also to perform a medical operation depending on context.
Pronunciation: moh-oh-peh-RAHR
Root and affixes: Borrowed/adapted from operar. For making something run, paandaron can also be used; for surgery, operahan or operasyon is used.
Variants or conjugations: operar; mooperar; operahan; paandaron
Related words and expressions: handle; operation; machine; system; business; doctor
Meaning and usage notes: A borrowed word useful in technical, work, or medical contexts. For more natural language, the translation changes depending on the exact meaning.

functionmachineoperatesurgeryverbwork

Example 1

Kinsa ang mooperar sa makina?

Who will operate the machine?

Example 2

Operahan siya ugma sa doktor.

The doctor will operate on him or her tomorrow.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kutlo

Art, Culture & Entertainment Basic Vocabulary Connectors & Function Words Education & Learning Technology & Information

English

to cite / quotenoun / verb

Alternative meanings: to cite
quotation
quote
excerpt
quoted text
passage taken from a source
textual reference, depending on context
Pronunciation: KOOT-loh
Root and affixes: Kutlo is used for the idea of a quotation or excerpt. Pagkutlo can refer to the act of citing or extracting words from a source.
Variants or conjugations: kutlo = quote / excerpt
pagkutlo = citing / act of quoting
gikutlo = cited / was quoted
kinutlo = quotation / cited excerpt
quote = quote, English form in modern contexts
sitasiyon = legal citation / formal summons
Related words and expressions: hisgot = mention / talk about
sitasiyon = citation / summons
reperensya = reference
tinubdan = source / origin
pulong = word
sulat = text / writing
Meaning and usage notes: Use kutlo or pagkutlo for citing words, texts, or sources. If citar means to mention, hisgot may fit. If citar means to legally summon or call someone to appear, sitasiyon is more precise.

citecommunicationquotationquotereferencesourcetext

Example 1

Ayaw kalimot sa pagkutlo sa tinubdan.

Do not forget to cite the source.

Example 2

Kini nga kutlo gikan sa libro.

This quote comes from the book.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pintura

Art, Culture & Entertainment Basic Vocabulary Places & Geography

English

paint; paintingnoun

Alternative meanings: paint, as a material
painting, as an artwork
color applied to a surface
the act or result of painting, depending on context
Pronunciation: pin-TOO-rah
Root and affixes: Borrowed from Spanish “pintura,” used in Cebuano for paint or painting. It is related to pintal, a common form for paint or to paint.
Variants or conjugations: pintura = paint / painting
pintal = paint or to paint
pintor = painter
pintado = painted
gipinturahan = was painted / had paint applied
Related words and expressions: pintal = paint / to paint
pintor = painter
kolor = color
dibuho = drawing
arte = art
paril = wall
balay = house
Meaning and usage notes: Use pintura for paint as a material or for a painting as an artwork. For the action “to paint,” pintal or magpintal is often more direct. If you mean an artistic picture, you can clarify artwork or drawing depending on the context.

artartworkcolorpaintpaintingpintalto paintwall

Example 1

Palit ko og pintura para sa paril.

I will buy paint for the wall.

Example 2

Nindot kaayo ang iyang pintura.

His or her painting is very beautiful.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Konstitusyon

Government, Politics & Law Society & Community

English

constitution; fundamental lawnoun

Alternative meanings: constitution; fundamental law of a country; set of basic principles of government; formation or composition in some contexts
Pronunciation: kon-stee-TOOS-yohn
Root and affixes: Borrowed from Spanish constitución. It can also be expressed as batakang balaod when referring to fundamental law.
Variants or conjugations: kunstitusyun; batakang balaod; konstitusyunal
Related words and expressions: law; government; nation; rights; politics
Meaning and usage notes: In political or legal context, konstitusyon is the most direct word. Batakang balaod is more descriptive: basic or fundamental law.

constitution, law, government

Example 1

Ang konstitusyon mao ang batakang balaod sa nasod.

The constitution is the fundamental law of the country.

Example 2

Gipanalipdan sa konstitusyon ang mga katungod sa katawhan.

The constitution protects the rights of the people.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

yano

Basic Vocabulary Qualities & Descriptions

English

simple; plain; basicadjective

Alternative meanings: Not complicated, elaborate, or difficult; clear, basic, or humble.
Pronunciation: YAH-noh
Root and affixes: Yano is used to express simplicity, plainness, or something without decoration.
Variants or conjugations: simple; sayon; yano
Related words and expressions: easy; small; clear; uncomplicated
Meaning and usage notes: For simple meaning easy, sayon can also be used; yano fits better for plain, basic, or not fancy.

adjectivebasicclearplainsimple

Example 1

Yano ra ang akong plano.

My plan is simple.

Example 2

Ganahan ko sa yano nga kinabuhi.

I like a simple life.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Lumulupyo

People & Relationships Society & Community

English

inhabitant; resident; dwellernoun

Alternative meanings: inhabitant; resident; person who lives in a place; dweller
Pronunciation: loo-moo-LOOP-yoh
Root and affixes: Related to the root lupyo/puyo, connected with living or residing. Lumulupyo works as a noun for a person who inhabits a place.
Variants or conjugations: mulupyo; residente; pumupuyo
Related words and expressions: live; place; city; village; community
Meaning and usage notes: Use it for inhabitants of a city, neighborhood, island, or community. In everyday use it is also understood as resident.

inhabitant, resident, community

Example 1

Daghan ang lumulupyo sa lungsod.

There are many inhabitants in the city.

Example 2

Siya usa ka lumulupyo sa Cebu.

He or she is a resident of Cebu.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Disposisyon

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts Qualities & Descriptions Society & Community

English

disposition; attitude; temperament; inclinationnoun

Alternative meanings: disposition
temperament
character or way of being
inclination or tendency
mental attitude
willingness or readiness, depending on context
Pronunciation: dis-po-see-SYON
Root and affixes: Borrowed from Spanish “disposición,” adapted as disposisyon in Cebuano. It is mainly used for character, temperament, or inclination.
Variants or conjugations: disposisyon = disposition / temperament
aktitud = attitude
hilig = inclination or liking
andam = ready or willing
pagkahan-ay = arrangement or order
probisyon = provision, in legal or administrative contexts
Related words and expressions: aktitud = attitude
hilig = inclination / tendency
andam = ready / willing
batasan = character / habit
kinaiya = character / nature
pagkahan-ay = arrangement / organization
Meaning and usage notes: Use disposisyon when “disposition” refers to a person character, attitude, or inclination. If you mean willing or ready, andam is often better. If you mean the arrangement or order of objects, pagkahan-ay may be clearer. For a legal or administrative provision, probisyon or clause may fit depending on the context.

arrangementattitudecharacterdispositioninclinationreadinesstemperamentwillingness

Example 1

Maayo ang iyang disposisyon sa trabaho.

He or she has a good disposition toward work.

Example 2

Nagdepende sa disposisyon sa tawo ang iyang tubag.

The answer depends on the disposition of the person.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

paglaum

Basic Vocabulary Ideas & Abstract Concepts

English

hope; hopeful expectationnoun

Alternative meanings: A feeling of trust or desire that something good may happen.
Pronunciation: pag-LAH-oom
Root and affixes: Related to laum, to hope or expect. Paglaum names hope as a feeling or idea.
Variants or conjugations: laum; paglaom; paglaum
Related words and expressions: trust; dream; light; future
Meaning and usage notes: Used for emotional, spiritual, or personal hope; it can also appear in motivational contexts.

emotionfuturehopemotivationnoun

Example 1

Ayaw kawad-i og paglaum.

Do not lose hope.

Example 2

Ikaw ang akong paglaum.

You are my hope.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Mokunhod

Actions & States Ideas & Abstract Concepts Numbers & Quantities

English

to decrease / to lessenverb

Alternative meanings: to decrease; to lessen; to reduce; to diminish; to become smaller; to lose intensity or amount
Pronunciation: moh-KOON-hod
Root and affixes: Root: kunhod, related to decreasing, diminishing, or reducing. Mokunhod expresses that something will decrease or tends to decrease; mikunhod or nikunhod can indicate that something decreased.
Variants or conjugations: mokunhod; mikunhod; nikunhod; kunhod; makunhod; pagkunhod; kunhoran
Related words and expressions: buhin = to reduce something; moubos = to go down or lower; gamay = small or little; menos = less; pagkunhod = decrease; pag-us-os = decline
Meaning and usage notes: Mokunhod works well for quantities, prices, pain, strength, interest, or intensity that decrease. To actively reduce something, buhin or kunhoran may fit better depending on context. For physically going down, moubos may be more natural.

decreasediminishlesslessenreducereduction

Example 1

Mokunhod ang presyo sunod semana.

The price will decrease next week.

Example 2

Mikunhod ang kasakit human sa tambal.

The pain decreased after the medicine.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Klarohon

Actions & States Basic Vocabulary

English

to clarify; to make clear; to explainverb

Alternative meanings: to clarify; to make clearer; to explain in order to remove doubt; to clear up a situation
Pronunciation: klah-ROH-hon
Root and affixes: Root: klaro, meaning clear or evident. Klarohon means to make something clear; paklaroha is used as a command: clarify it.
Variants or conjugations: klaro; paklaroha; giklaro; nagklaro; ipasabot
Related words and expressions: meaning; understanding; answer; question; confusion
Meaning and usage notes: Use it for clarifying an explanation, a doubt, or a situation. For weather clearing up or something becoming visible, nagklaro or niklaro may fit depending on context.

clarify, explain, communication

Example 1

Klarohon nato ang problema.

Let us clarify the problem.

Example 2

Paklaroha ang imong tubag.

Clarify your answer.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pederasyon

Basic Vocabulary Economy & Business Government, Politics & Law Ideas & Abstract Concepts Society & Community

English

federationnoun

Alternative meanings: federation
union of organizations
union of states or regions
central association
organization formed by several groups
federated structure
organized alliance, depending on context
Pronunciation: peh-deh-rah-SYON
Root and affixes: Pederasyon is a loanword used for federation. It is related to political, sports, community, or institutional structures formed by several members or groups.
Variants or conjugations: pederasyon = federation
federation = English form used in some modern contexts
konpederasyon = confederation / alliance
federalismo = federalism
federal = federal
organisasyon = organization
Related words and expressions: organisasyon = organization
katigoman = assembly / meeting
kasabutan = agreement
konseho = council
gobyerno = government
politika = politics
Meaning and usage notes: Use pederasyon for a formal federation of organizations, clubs, regions, or states. Use konpederasyon if the meaning is confederation or a looser alliance between groups.

allianceassociationfederationgovernmentgrouporganizationpolitics

Example 1

Naghimo sila og pederasyon sa mga organisasyon.

They formed a federation of organizations.

Example 2

Ang pederasyon adunay daghang membro.

The federation has many members.

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