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Vocabulary category: Connectors & Function Words

Connectors, adverbs, and words that organize sentences.

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Pasabot

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English

definition / meaningnoun / verb

Alternative meanings

definition
meaning
sense
explanation
what something means
implication
clue or hint
to mean or imply

Pronunciation

pah-SAH-bot

Root and affixes

Pasabot comes from sabot, to understand or comprehend. Pasabot is related to meaning, definition, and the action of explaining or conveying meaning.

Variants or conjugations

pasabot = definition / meaning / to mean
ipasabot = to mean / convey / imply
gipasabot = explained / clarified / meant
nagpasabot = means / implies / meant
pagpasabot = explanation / inference / act of conveying meaning
kahulugan = meaning / definition, widely understood variant
pagsabot = comprehension / understanding

Related words and expressions

sabot = understand / comprehend
pagsabot = comprehension
kahulugan = meaning / definition
hubad = translation / interpretation
pulong = word
pinulongan = language
termino = term

Meaning and usage notes

Use pasabot for definition or meaning in natural use. If you want to ask what something means, you can say unsay pasabot niini. Kahulugan also works for meaning or definition, especially in educational contexts.

comprehensiondefinitionexplanationlanguagemeaningtermword
Example 1

Unsa ang pasabot niini nga pulong?

What is the definition or meaning of this word?

Example 2

Ang iyang pasabot klaro kaayo.

His or her meaning is very clear.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Ubos

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English

below; under; beneathadverb / preposition

Alternative meanings

below; under; beneath; underneath; lower; in a low position

Pronunciation

OO-bohs

Root and affixes

Root ubos, low or below. It can function as an adverb of place, adjective, or part of phrases like sa ubos, below or down.

Variants or conjugations

sa ubos; ilalom; ilawom; ilaum; ubos sa

Related words and expressions

above; top; place; position; underneath

Meaning and usage notes

Ubos is general for below, down, or under. To say underneath something more spatially, ilalom or ilawom is also used, as in ilalom sa lamesa, under the table.

below, under, beneath
Example 1

Ibutang ang papel ubos sa libro.

Put the paper under the book.

Example 2

Naa siya sa ubos sa balay.

He or she is under the house.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Gibanabana

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English

approximately / estimatedadverb and adjective

Alternative meanings

approximately; estimated; roughly; about; around; calculated approximately

Pronunciation

gee-bah-nah-BAH-nah

Root and affixes

It comes from banabana, estimate, approximation, or guess. Gibanabana expresses that something was estimated or calculated approximately. Pagbanabana names the act of estimating.

Variants or conjugations

gibanabana; banabana; bana-bana; pagbanabana; gibana-bana; mga; kapin-kapin

Related words and expressions

banabana = estimate; pagbanabana = estimating; mga = approximately before a number; hapit = almost; kapin = more than; kulang = less than

Meaning and usage notes

Gibanabana works well for approximately or estimated. In everyday quantities, mga is very common before the number: mga lima ka minuto, approximately five minutes. Kapin-kapin can suggest a little more than an amount.

aboutapproximatelyapproximationaroundestimatedroughly
Example 1

Gibanabana nga usa ka oras ang biyahe.

The trip takes approximately one hour.

Example 2

Mga baynte ka tawo ang miabot.

Approximately twenty people arrived.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

pagkahuman

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English

afterwards; later; subsequentlyadverb / temporal connector

Alternative meanings

Indicates that something happens after something else or at a later moment.

Pronunciation

pag-kah-HOO-mahn

Root and affixes

Related to human, to finish or after finishing. Pagkahuman works as afterwards or subsequently.

Variants or conjugations

pagkahuman; unya; human; later

Related words and expressions

later; after; now; next; time

Meaning and usage notes

Pagkahuman is used for after something. Unya can also mean later/afterwards in everyday conversation.

adverbafterwardsconnectorlatersubsequentlytime
Example 1

Pagkahuman, miuli mi sa balay.

Afterwards, we went home.

Example 2

Magkita ta unya.

See you later.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Suspender

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English

to suspendverb

Alternative meanings

to suspend
to stop temporarily
to interrupt
to postpone
to make inactive temporarily
to temporarily remove from school or work
to hang something

Pronunciation

soos-pen-DER

Root and affixes

Suspender is a loanword from Spanish suspender. For stopping or interrupting more naturally, hunong or undang are used; for postponing, pospon is used.

Variants or conjugations

suspender = to suspend / make temporarily inactive
suspensyon = suspension
gi-suspender = was suspended
hunong = stop / halt / interrupt
undang = stop / cease doing something
pospon = postpone
pagbitay = physical suspension / hanging

Related words and expressions

hunong = stop / halt
undang = stop / cease
pospon = postpone
bawal = prohibited
eskwela = school
trabaho = work
pagbitay = hanging / suspension

Meaning and usage notes

Use suspender for the direct or formal sense of to suspend. Use hunong or undang if you only mean to stop or cease doing something. Use pospon if the idea is to postpone until later.

interruptpostponeschoolstopsuspendsuspensionwork
Example 1

Gi-suspender ang klase tungod sa kusog nga ulan.

The class was suspended because of the heavy rain.

Example 2

Posponon nato ang miting hangtod ugma.

We will postpone the meeting until tomorrow.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Hisgot

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English

to discuss / to mentionverb / related noun

Alternative meanings

to discuss
to talk about
to comment on
to mention
to treat a topic
to converse about something
to debate neutrally

Pronunciation

HEES-got

Root and affixes

Hisgot is the root for mentioning or discussing a topic. Paghisgot names the discussion or act of talking about something; hisgot-hisgot can mean discussion or conversation.

Variants or conjugations

hisgot = discuss / mention / talk about something
paghisgot = discussion / mention / act of discussing
hisgot-hisgot = discussion / conversation
hisgoton = will be discussed / will be addressed
gihisgot = was mentioned / was discussed
lalis = argue or quarrel verbally
lantugi = debate / argumentation
diskutir = discuss, modern loanword

Related words and expressions

sulti = say / speak
istorya = story / converse
lalis = argue / quarrel verbally
lantugi = debate / dispute
miting = meeting
diyalogo = dialogue
pulong = word

Meaning and usage notes

Use hisgot when discuss means to talk about or address a topic. Use lalis if there is a verbal fight or strong disagreement. Use lantugi if the meaning is formal debate.

argueconversationDebatediscussmentiontalktopic
Example 1

Atong hisgotan ang plano unya.

We will discuss the plan later.

Example 2

Ayaw mo pag-lalis sa gamay nga butang.

Do not argue over a small thing.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

May kalabutan

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English

related / related toadjective and phrase

Alternative meanings

related; related to; connected; linked; relevant; having a relation or bearing

Pronunciation

mai kah-lah-BOO-tahn

Root and affixes

The base is kalabutan, relation, relevance, or connection. May kalabutan literally expresses that something has a relation. Nalangkit can also mean linked or involved, especially when someone or something is connected to an issue.

Variants or conjugations

may kalabutan; adunay kalabutan; kalabutan; nalangkit; may labot; konektado

Related words and expressions

kalabutan = relation or relevance; labot = inclusion or involvement; nalangkit = linked or involved; koneksyon = connection; relasyon = relation; bahin = part or about

Meaning and usage notes

May kalabutan is very useful for saying related to a topic or situation. To mean a relative or someone related by blood, use paryente or kaliwat. For involved in a problem, nalangkit may be more precise.

bearingconnectedlinkedrelatedrelated torelevant
Example 1

May kalabutan kini sa atong proyekto.

This is related to our project.

Example 2

Ang pangutana may kalabutan sa imong trabaho.

The question is related to your work.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Lamang

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English

only / justadverb and particle

Alternative meanings

only; just; solely; merely; nothing more; exclusively

Pronunciation

LAH-mahng

Root and affixes

Lamang is a limiting word. In everyday speech it is often shortened to lang, and ra is also widely used with the meaning of only or nothing more. It usually follows the word or phrase it limits.

Variants or conjugations

lamang; lang; ra; lamang ra; usa ra; dili lamang

Related words and expressions

ra = only or just; lang = only or just; usa = one; dili lamang = not only; kundili = but also; igo lang = just enough

Meaning and usage notes

Lamang sounds more formal or emphatic than lang. Lang is very common in daily conversation. Ra is a very frequent native particle. Avoid combining lang and ra unnecessarily because it can sound redundant.

function wordjustmerelynothing moreonlysolely
Example 1

Usa lamang ka tiket ang nahibilin.

Only one ticket is left.

Example 2

Ikaw ra ang akong gihulat.

You are the only one I am waiting for.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Tinuig

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English

annual / yearlyadjective / adverb

Alternative meanings

annual
yearly
every year
once a year
per year
related to a year
reckoned by the year

Pronunciation

tee-NOO-eeg

Root and affixes

Tinuig comes from tuig, meaning year. It is used to express yearly frequency or relation to a full year.

Variants or conjugations

tinuig = annual / yearly
tinuig nga = annual as a modifier before a noun
tuig = year
tuig-tuig = yearly / every year
kada tuig = every year
matag tuig = every year

Related words and expressions

tuig = year
bulan = month
adlaw = day
semana = week
kalendaryo = calendar
petsa = date

Meaning and usage notes

Use tinuig for annual events, reports, payments, or meetings. To say every year in a more conversational way, you can also use kada tuig or matag tuig.

annualcalendarevery yearfrequencytimeyearyearly
Example 1

Adunay tinuig nga tigom sa kompanya.

There is an annual meeting at the company.

Example 2

Kada tuig sila magselebrar niini.

They celebrate this every year.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Kuha

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English

to pick up / to getverb / noun

Alternative meanings

to pick up
to take
to get
to fetch
to collect
to obtain
to grab
to retrieve

Pronunciation

KOO-hah

Root and affixes

Kuha is the root for taking, picking up, or getting. Forms like mokuha, nagkuha, gikuha, and kuhaon change the tense or focus of the action.

Variants or conjugations

kuha = pick up / take / get
mokuha = will pick up / will take
nagkuha = is picking up / was taking
nakuha = got / was able to take
gikuha = was taken / was picked up
kuhaon = will be picked up / should be taken
kuhaa = pick it up / take it
tigom = gather / collect several things

Related words and expressions

dala = bring / carry
tigom = gather / collect
hipos = put away / tidy up
dawat = receive
balik = return / go back
butang = thing / put

Meaning and usage notes

Use kuha for picking up, taking, or getting something in a general sense. For collecting many things together, tigom may fit better. For putting things away or tidying up, hipos can fit.

collectfetchgetobtainpick upretrievetake
Example 1

Kuhaa ang imong gamit sa lamesa.

Pick up your things from the table.

Example 2

Mokuha ko nimo unya.

I will pick you up later.

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Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Ibabaw

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English

above; on top; over; surfaceadverb / preposition

Alternative meanings

above; on top; over; upper part; surface

Pronunciation

ee-BAH-baw

Root and affixes

Related to babaw, which expresses top part or surface. Sa ibabaw means on top of or above something.

Variants or conjugations

sa ibabaw; ibabaw sa; babaw; igbaw; dugang pa

Related words and expressions

below; under; high; place; surface

Meaning and usage notes

For physical location use ibabaw or sa ibabaw. For encima in the sense of besides or on top of that, dugang pa or an additional phrase fits better depending on context.

above, on top, position
Example 1

Anaa ang libro sa ibabaw sa lamesa.

The book is on top of the table.

Example 2

Ibutang kini sa ibabaw.

Put this on top.

Found an error?

Bisaya · Cebuano · Vocabulary

Depinitibo

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English

definitiveadjective

Alternative meanings

definitive; final; conclusive; clear; decisive; leaving no doubt

Pronunciation

deh-pee-nee-TEE-boh

Root and affixes

Loanword from Spanish definitivo, adapted as depinitibo. It is used for final and conclusive decisions, answers, evidence, versions, or results.

Variants or conjugations

depinitibo; definitivo; final; kataposan; klaro; konklusibo

Related words and expressions

kataposan = final or last; klaro = clear; konklusyon = conclusion; desisyon = decision; permanente = permanent; tino = defined

Meaning and usage notes

Depinitibo works for “definitive” as final or conclusive. If the idea is “permanent,” permanente may be better. If the idea is “last,” kataposan or ulahi may fit better.

clearconclusivedecisivedefinitivedefinitive answerfinal
Example 1

Kini ang depinitibo nga desisyon.

This is the definitive decision.

Example 2

Wala pa mi depinitibo nga tubag.

We still do not have a definitive answer.

Found an error?